Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PROPIONATES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Rumen epithelium cell proliferation accelerated by propionate and acetate.

Ruminal papillae were biopsied from fasted adult sheep given 18 m mole/kg body weight per day of sodium propionate or sodium acetate intraruminally via fistula. The mitotic index of the epithelial cells in the papillae was estimated for the mitogenic effect of the acids. Before the administrations, mitotic indices were lower than .53%. They increased after a few days' propionate-administration, then declined. The peak values appeared on 2 or 4 days of the administration and were 1.64%, 1.38%, 1.73%, and 1.54% in four trials. Mitotic indices also increased from acetate and declined. The peak values appeared on 3 or 4 days of the administration and were 2.04%, 2.49%, 1.70%, and 2.03% in four trials. Mitotic indices of the control sheep given the same amount of .9% saline were lower than .28%. The mitogenic effect of propionate and acetate on the rumen epithelial cells was apparent, but it seems to be weaker than that of butyrate judged from the relatively slow rise of the index in this study.

Acetates↗
PubMed1985

Effect on feed intake of infusing sodium propionate or sodium acetate into a mesenteric vein of cattle.

Solutions containing sodium propionate or sodium acetate were infused into a mesenteric vein of eight steers in order to examine the effect of increasing the entry rate of these metabolites on feed intake. Infusion of propionate inhibited feed intake to varying degrees, but acetate infused at equivalent rates had no effect. Rate of entry of propionate into the visceral circulation may be a physiological mechanism for controlling feed intake in cattle, but it is mainly effective when the animal has eaten close to its voluntary maximum intake.

Acetates↗
PubMed1994

Effect of aibellin, a peptide antibiotic, on propionate production in the rumen of goats.

Aibellin was administered in feed to goats (16 to 18 kg of BW) for 12 d. At 80 mg/d, the molar percentage of propionate in rumen fluid increased significantly in 8 d, and the effect lasted for as long as 10 d after administration ceased. Total VFA concentration, protozoa numbers, and NDF digestibility were not depressed significantly at this dosage but were reduced at 100 mg/d with little further increase in the molar percentage of propionate. Therefore, the optimal dosage of aibellin was 80 mg/d under our experimental conditions. In contrast, monensin (30 mg/d) and gramicidin D (60 mg/d) decreased total VFA concentration and protozoa numbers when supplemented to obtain molar percentages of propionate comparable to 80 mg/d of aibellin. From these results, aibellin may be easier and safer to use than monensin and gramicidin D to modify rumen fermentation.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Metabolite and hormonal responses to glucose or propionate infusions in periparturient dairy cows supplemented with chromium.

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cr supplementation on blood metabolite and hormonal responses of Holstein cows to glucose challenges during late pregnancy and early lactation and to propionate challenges during early lactation. Eight multiparous and 4 primiparous cows (Experiment 1) and 12 primiparous cows (Experiment 2) were assigned to one of two treatments: control and 0.5 ppm of supplemental Cr. The glucose challenges were performed at 2 wk prepartum and at 2 wk postpartum, and the propionate challenges were conducted at wk 2 and 6 postpartum. During glucose tolerance tests, Cr supplementation reduced the ratio of insulin to glucose and reduced plasma concentrations of insulin and triglycerides of primiparous cows during the prepartum period. Chromium supplementation decreased plasma Cr of primiparous cows following glucose challenge. With supplemental Cr, insulin sensitivity was reduced postpartum, particularly for primiparous cows, but insulin sensitivity was increased prepartum. Results of this study suggested that primiparous cows experienced Cr deficiency during late pregnancy and possibly during early lactation. Following propionate infusion, Cr supplementation increased the serum glucose peak, increased the area under the response curve for serum glucose, and tended to increase IGF-I concentrations. Chromium supplementation tended to reduce the ratio of insulin to glucagon. Supplementation might have enhanced gluconeogenesis or glycogenolysis. Supplemental Cr also resulted in reduced variability of most parameters during both experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The effect of preservatives based on propionic acid on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage and a total mixed ration.

For 3 successive yr, whole-plant corn was ensiled in laboratory silos with low percentages of silage preservatives, the primary active ingredient of which was propionic acid. Preservatives were added to forage just prior to ensiling at rates of 0.1 to 0.2% of the fresh forage weight. In all 3 yr, treatments had minor effects on fermentation end products, except that the concentration of propionic acid was greater because of its addition. The mean low and high percentages of preservatives increased aerobic stability of the treated silages by 19 and 57 h, respectively, in Experiment 1 and by 17 and 38 h, respectively, in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, aerobic stability was improved by > 90 h by preservatives (0.2% addition). In a lactation study, a total mixed ration (46% dry matter) was mixed without or with (0.2 or 0.3%) a stabilizer that was designed to prevent spoilage in the feed bunk. The high dose resulted in orts with a lower pH and temperature after 24 h in the feed bunk. However, dry matter intake and milk production were unaffected by treatments. Chemical preservatives based on propionic acid added at low rates did not affect fermentation but were effective in the reduction of heating in corn silage and in a total mixed ration.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1998

A comparative study of the effectiveness of calcium propionate and calcium chloride for the prevention of parturient paresis in dairy cows.

The efficacy of calcium propionate for the prevention of parturient paresis (milk fever) was compared with that of calcium chloride using 194 cows that had experienced milk fever during the previous calving. The cows were mainly of the Swedish Red and White and Swedish Friesian breeds and were divided randomly into an experimental group (n = 99) and a control group (n = 95). The cows in the experimental group received up to six boluses of 20 g of calcium as calcium propionate between 36 h before and 24 h after calving; the cows in the control group received up to four doses of 54 g of calcium as a commercially available oily solution of calcium chloride during the same period. Incidence of milk fever was recorded as the percentage of cows that were treated by a veterinarian because they showed clinical signs of the disease and had a blood calcium concentration less than 8.0 mg/dl. Twenty-five (25.3%) cows in the experimental group and 22 cows (23.2%) in the control group developed milk fever. The incidence of milk fever for cows in both groups was significantly lower than the 36.0% found in 713 cows that had experienced milk fever during their previous calving but received no prophylactic treatment. Therefore, calcium propionate was considered to have had a significant preventive effect, comparable with that of calcium chloride.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Influence of temperature, moisture, and propionic acid on mold growth and toxin production on corn.

The influence of temperature and propionic acid on mold growth and toxin production on whole corn with 10, 15, or 20% added water was studied. Levels of propionic acid tested at each moisture level were 0, .025, .05, and .1%. Each flask of corn was inoculated with spores of a citrinin-producing Penicillium spp. and was then incubated for 8 weeks at a constant temperature of 5 C, at 5 C at night and room temperature during the day, or at room temperature both at night and during the day. The corn was then dried, ground, and fed to chicks to determine the presence of citrinin. Regardless of acid level or moisture content, neither mold growth nor toxin production occurred on the corn incubated at 5 C. Both mold growth and toxin production occurred on corn either partially or totally incubated at room temperature but were more prevalent in the latter. Increasing the moisture content resulted in greater mold growth and toxin production, especially on the corn incubated at room temperature. Higher levels of propionic acid were needed to prevent mold growth and toxin production as the moisture content of the corn increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of a buffered propionic acid in diets on the performance of broiler chickens and on microflora of the intestine and carcass.

A buffered propionic acid (BPA) was added to broiler diets fed in floor pens with litter. The BPA was fed continuously at 0, .2, .4, and .8% in Trial 1 and at 0 and .4% in Trial 2. The BPA was also fed at .4% for the last 7 days in Trial 2. Natural salmonellae exposure versus periodic dosage with Salmonella typhimurium was compared in Trial 2. In Trial 1, the BPA supplement had no adverse effects on growth, feed utilization, or abdominal fat with a significant (P less than or equal to .05) increase in the female dressing value at .8% of buffered propionic acid. The total number of coliforms and of Escherichia coli in the duodenum were significantly reduced by .4% BPA; in the jejunum, by all levels used in the trials; and in the ileum, by .4% and .8% of buffered propionic acid. The intestinal pH was not influenced by the BPA addition. In Trial 2, the BPA at .4% fed continuously had no adverse effect on growth, feed utilization, the abdominal fat of females, or the dressing percentage of males while significantly reducing the abdominal fat for males and increasing the dressing percentage for females. Feeding .4% BPA for the last 7 days had no effect on any of these parameters. Periodic dosage with S. typhimurium had no effect on body weight, feed utilization, or abdominal fat and significantly increased the dressing percentage. There was a significant interaction between the Salmonella dosage and the time of feeding BPA on dressing percentage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Propionic acidemia: a neuropathology case report and review of prior cases.

Propionic acidemia is a disorder of branch-chain amino acid and odd-chain fatty acid metabolism. The clinical features typically begin shortly after birth, with rare cases presenting in young adulthood. This disorder most commonly is characterized by episodic decompensations with dehydration, lethargy, nausea, and vomiting as well as a risk for neurologic sequelae. The defect is in the propionyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme with a resultant accumulation of toxic organic acid metabolites. Neuropathologic findings in this inborn error of metabolism have not been extensively characterized but include white matter spongiosis in neonates and a variable appearance in older children. We describe the pertinent literature on the neuropathology of propionic acidemia and a case report of a 4-year-old girl who had widespread gray matter vacuolization at postmortem examination. Although a previously unreported finding in propionic acidemia, diffuse gray matter vacuolization has been described in other fatty acid metabolic disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Studies on lankacidin-group (T-2636) ANTIBIOTICS. IX Preparation of C-labeled lankacidin C 14-propionate.

To investigate the metabolic fate of lankacidin C 14-propionate in experimental animals, the 14-C-labeled antibiotic was prepared by the fermentation of Streptomyces rochei var, volubilis in the presence of various 14-C-labeled organic carboxylic acids, amino acids and carbohydrates. Significant incorporation (20 similar to 40%) was observed with L-methionine-methyl-14-C. Lankacidin C 14-propionate-14-C (specific activity 49.6 muCi/mg) was obtained from lankacidin C-14-C and ethyl propionate by the action of an acylase of the streptomyces.

Acylation↗
PubMed1975

[A form of late propionic acidemia].

Report of 3 cases of propionic acidemia which concern one boy (O.M.) in whom a formed diagnosis of hyperglycemia with ketosis had been established, and two sisters (C.V. and K.V.) of another family. The activities of propionyl-CoA carboxylase in O.M. and C.V. fibroblasts were reduced to 4.5 and 2.5% of control. After two severe metabolic crisis, at 6 and 44 months of age, O.M. has at the present time (11yrs) a normal psychical development, and very few neurological disorders. Propionic acidemia was manifested only at 34 months of age in C.V. with a very severe crisis of acidoketosis with hypoglycemia, leading to neurological sequellae which are still important at 56 months of age. The disease was entirely latent in K.V. at 26 months, when the diagnosis was proven; it remains latent at 40 months. These case reports represent a special form of propionic acidemia with late clinical expression. Biological evolution does not seem to be affected by prolonged administration of biotine.

Acidosis↗
PubMed2003

Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by a mixed culture in a sequencing batch reactor: the use of propionate as carbon source.

In this work, sludge adapted to anaerobic/aerobic conditions, AN/AE, showing a high capacity of P accumulation, was submitted to aerobic dynamic substrate feeding (ADF). The fermenter was operated as a Sequencing Batch Reactor, with propionate as carbon substrate. Propionate is an important waste product from several industrial processes that can be valued, using it as a precursor for hydroxyvalerate in PHA production. Under the operational conditions used, apart from 3-hydroxyvalerate as its major component, 3-hydroxy-2-methylvalerate, 2-hydroxyisovalerate and 4-oxovalerate were also produced. A second reactor operated under the same conditions was adapted for the use of acetate as carbon substrate. The global metabolism of the organisms involved on PHA production, utilizing acetate or propionate, was studied using in vivo 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR).

Alkanes↗
PubMed2004

Response of an EBPR population developed in an SBR with propionate to different carbon sources.

The effect of different carbon sources (propionate, acetate, butyrate and glucose) on an enhanced biological phosphorus removal biomass developed with propionate as the sole carbon source was studied. Firstly, a group of different cycle studies was carried out using each substrate independently and then, another cycle study was performed with a mixture of substrates. Propionate was found to be the substrate with the highest substrate uptake rate in both sets of experiments. It was also the volatile fatty acid (VFA) which required less reducing power and less P-release to be uptaken. Four different polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) monomers produced during the anaerobic phase were detected, and PHB, PHV and PH2MV were quantified. Significant differences in PHA composition were obtained depending on the carbon source. The carbon recovery ratio for the anaerobic phase was also evaluated. The lowest value observed among the different cycle studies was obtained for butyrate, while the highest value was obtained for acetate.

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Infant boy with propionic acidemia: anesthetic implications].

A 12-month-old boy diagnosed with propionic acidemia underwent gastrostomy. The patient's general state was good and he was alert, but with reduced muscular tone (unstable when seated with support, floppy head) and with dystonic movements in all extremities. An electroencephalogram showed slightly slowed brain activity. The patient was being treated with a low protein diet, phenobarbital, L-carnitine, L-isoleucine, and biotin. Surgery was carried out in satisfactory conditions with general anesthesia without opioids combined with infiltration of the surgical wound with local anesthetic. Recovery from anesthesia was rapid and free of complications. Propionic acidemia is caused by mitochondrial propionyl coenzyme carboxylase deficiency. Most patients have episodes of severe metabolic ketoacidosis as a result of excessive protein intake, delayed development, vomiting, gastroesophageal reflux, lethargy, hypotonia, and convulsions. The anesthetic approach involves avoiding triggers of metabolic acidosis (such as fasting, dehydration, hypoxemia, and hypotension) and preventing airway complications. Agents that metabolize propionic acid (such as succinylcholine, benzylisoquinoline neuromuscular blocking agents, and propofol) are not used, as they can exacerbate acidemia. We also believe that using local or regional anesthesia in combination with general anesthesia without opiates is safe and effective for controlling pain during surgery and postoperative recovery, as that combination avoids respiratory depression in these patients, who are highly sensitive to opiates.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1991

[Propionic acidemia: one case report].

A case of propionic acidemia is reported. The main features of this patient were recurrent vomiting, ketosis and occasional episodes of seizure. Serum concentrations of propionic acid and glycine were within the normal range. Blood ammonia was slightly elevated. Characteristic organic acids were present in the patient's urine. they were: 3-hydroxypropionic acid, propionylglycine, methyl-citric acid, tiglyglycine, 3-hydroxyvaleric acid, etc. The etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of propionic acidemia are briefly discussed.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1990

[Propionic acidemia: report of a case that is successfully managed by peritoneal dialysis and sodium benzoate therapy].

Propionic acidemia is a rare hereditary disease which is an autosomal recessive disorder. Defect of propionyl CoA carboxylase results in abnormal accumulation of propionate and its metabolites which interfere the pathway of glycine cleavage and the urea cycle. This organic acidemia is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical and biochemical findings, including recurrent vomiting, difficult feeding, lethargy, hypotonia, metabolic ketoacidosis, hyperglycinemia and hyperammonemia during the acute episodes. We present a male newborn infant who sustained this disorder and was managed successfully with blood exchange transfusion, peritoneal dialysis, supplemented with sodium benzoate and sodium bicarbonate therapy. Urine gas chromatography disclosed significant elevation of propionate and its metabolites which subsided 2 days after peritoneal dialysis. Special designed formula was then given with restriction of protein intake and supplement with sodium benzoate and sodium carbonate. Prenatal genetic counseling is necessary in further pregnancy. Diagnosis can be obtained when propionyl CoA carboxylase activity is low in cultured amniotic fluid cells or chorion villi sample or when there is abnormally high methylcitrate level in amniotic fluid.

Benzoates↗
PubMed1988

[The neonatal form of propionic acidemia].

A neonatal form of propionic acidemia is reported. Diagnosis was made by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and urine excretion of 3-hydroxy-propionate and methylcitrate. Fibroblast cultures demonstrated an extremely low incorporation of C14-propionate, 6.5% range of normal values. Activity of propionyl-CoA-carboxylase was reduced. Intensive measures, including exchange-transfusion and ventilatory support, allowed life maintenance through neonatal period. Management of infant at three-month-old is based upon special diet with restriction of nocive amino acids, L-carnitine administration and infectious prophylaxis.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1985

Propionic acid-derived non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs are phototoxic in vitro.

Clinical photosensitivity reactions have been reported for several non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID). 11 such commercial preparations were studied spectrophotometrically and assayed for phototoxicity using 2 in vitro methods. Photohemolysis of human red blood cells was measured following exposure to longwave (UVA) and medium-wave (UVB) ultraviolet radiation. Growth inhibition of Candida albicans was assayed after exposure to drug and UVA. A majority of the drugs were phototoxic. Propionic acid-derived NSAIDs were the most active in the photohemolysis assays as well as in the Candida test. With UVA 43.2 J/cm2 ketoprofen was one order of magnitude more potent that the other compounds; with increasing UVB doses and a standard drug concentration of 10 micrograms/ml the same was true for benoxaprofen. Several compounds were protective against UVB hemolysis. Candida growth inhibition was strongest with naproxen. Again, propionic acid derivatives generally were the more effective. No photoactivity was noted for indomethacin, piroxicam and sulindac. Azapropazone caused UVA hemolysis only. Members of the NSAID group, and in particular derivatives of propionic acid, are capable of inducing phototoxic reactions with UVA as well as UVB in vitro. These results confirm clinical reports of photoreactions to members of this group.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗