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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Problems arising from disease during the periods of breeding and rearing canaries and other aviary birds (author's transl)].

The hygienic aspects of the various breeding systems are reviewed. The companion aviary is the least hygienic system; the birds are hardest to supervise in this case. Breeding in pairs is preferable from either point of view. Hygiene in aviaries is determined by all component parts of the cage, which are used in keeping the birds. The walls should be smooth and clean. The most hygienic drinking water supply is ensured by bottle-type nipple drinkers provided with a small ball. Feeders should be emptied, cleansed and filled with fresh water every day. A hygienic, dry floor-covering will prevent the appearance of large numbers of Enterobacteriaceae (as well as E. coli) in the intestine. The feed should preferably be given in measured rations. An adult canary should be fed 4 g. of seed and 1 g. of soft feed (containing 20 per cent of protein and 1 per cent of lysine) daily. Causes of death in young birds may be: inferior soft feed, a faulty diet, the presence of pentachlorophenol in the nesting material, infestation with chicken lice (Dermanyssus gallinae), diarrhoea due to a polluted environment (neonatal diarrhoea shortly after hatching), cochlosomosis, drumsticks and atoxoplasmosis. The clinical features and treatment of infectious diseases are discussed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the 1967--68 foot and mouth disease epidemic: incubation period and herd serial interval.

The incubation period during this epidemic was studied using both a spectral analysis-cum-filtering method and analysis of case histories. Using spectral analysis, the modal herd serial interval was estimated to be 8--10 days based on the record of the daily number of outbreaks and an adjusted cattler series. The case histories tended to confirm these estimates but indicated that the serial interval varied considerably between species. The filtering method revealed that the herd serial interval apparently changed during the epidemic. For the first 4 weeks the interval was 8 days, while in the latter stages it was about 2 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Dilated coronary arterial lesions in the late period after Kawasaki disease.

OBJECTIVES: There are two types of late coronary dilated lesions after Kawasaki disease: new aneurysms and expanding aneurysms. The development of coronary dilated lesions late after Kawasaki disease was investigated. METHODS: Between 1978 and 2003, 562 patients with coronary arterial lesions underwent selective coronary angiography on at least two occasions. RESULTS: Of the 562 patients studied, 17 new dilated or expanding lesions were found in 15 patients (3%, 11 boys, four girls). The time of detection of new aneurysms after Kawasaki disease ranged from 1.9-19.2 years (median 11.4 years) and their diameters ranged from 2.0-6.5 mm (median 4.4 mm). Thirteen new aneurysms occurred in vessels in which previous aneurysms had regressed and all new aneurysms were associated with localised stenosis. A new aneurysm at the bifurcation or in the branches was seen in 14 (93%) and 13 were eccentric (87%). Of two expanding aneurysms, one involved the right coronary artery in one patient and the other the left anterior descending coronary artery. One expanding aneurysm increased from 4.4 mm to 19.5 mm over 17 years, and the other expanding aneurysm increased from 10 mm to 15 mm in one year. CONCLUSIONS: Neither new nor expanding aneurysms have caused cardiac events. New aneurysms often develop as a pre-stenotic or post-stenotic dilatation secondary to localised stenosis. New and expanding aneurysms may be caused by haemodynamic factors in addition to the abnormality of the coronary arterial wall after severe acute vasculitis. Coronary arterial wall abnormalities were stenosis as well as, rarely, dilatation of the vessels in the late period. It is important to recognise that the changes of the coronary arterial wall persist late after regression of a large aneurysm.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Correction of hemodynamic disorders in phthisiologic surgical patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease in preoperative period].

The hypokinetic blood circulation was detected in 49% (from a total of 180) patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Obvious initial signs of disorders in the function of the cardio-vascular system were diagnosed in one half of patients with the normal kinetic blood circulation. 48 patients underwent a preoperative treatment to correct the hemodynamic disorders. Isosorbide dinitrate (5 mg/day), verapamilhydrochlorid (240 mg/day), maleate enalapril (5 mg/day) and isosorbide dinirate (80 mg/day) were administered simultaneously. The preoperative preparation of patients lasted from 4 to 7 days. The cardiac beat, and the mechanical index of the functioning of the left ventricle essentially improved, while the total peripheral resistance significantly decreased due to all treatment schemes. Isosorbide dinitrate and verapamilhydrochlorid produced the most effect on the parameters of the central hemodynamics. The administration of all above preoperative preparation schemes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis reduces the operation-anesthesiology risk.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed2005

Arg16Gly polymorphism in beta2-adrenergic receptor gene is not associated with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis in Korean male patients with Graves' disease.

BACKGROUND: Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) occurs most frequently in Asian males and present with an acute episode of proximal muscle weakness in the setting of thyrotoxicosis. Despite the fact that mutations were described in genes encoding ion channels in familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis, no definite genetic variants were found in TPP. beta2-adrenergic receptors (ADRB2s) are expressed in skeletal muscle and stimulate the sodium pump. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADRB2 gene were identified and may act as disease modifiers in various diseases. OBJECTIVE: We were to demonstrate that ADRB2 gene might be a susceptibility gene for TPP in Korean male patients with Graves' disease. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: In a series of 28 male TPP patients and 31 control patients, three polymorphisms in ADRB2 gene have been studied: a T to C substitution at -47 (-47T/C), Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu. Control patients were male Graves' patients without history of paralysis. RESULTS: The distributions of the -47C, Gly16 and Glu27 alleles in all patients were 0.02, 0.34 and 0.02, respectively. The genotype Arg16/Arg16 was not significantly associated with TPP (odds ratio 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-1.50; corrected P = 0.897). Also, the frequency of genotype Gly16/Gly16 was not significantly different in TPP patients than in controls (0.07 vs. 0.23; odds ratio, 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-1.40; corrected P = 0.45). Allele frequencies of ADRB2 in patients with TPP did not differ from controls. CONCLUSIONS: The polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene may not confer genetic susceptibility to TPP in Korean male patients with Graves' disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Changes in smoking habits and body weight after a three-year period--the cardiovascular disease study in Finnmark.

Smoking habits and body weight were registered on two occasions 3 yr apart in the county of Finnmark in 12,329 persons aged 20-49 yr. Among quitters, there was a mean weight increase of 2.7 kg for females and 3.6 kg for males; while among starters, there was a mean weight decrease of 0.9 for females and 2.5 for males. Mean weight continued to increase for at least up to 1 yr after quitting. A dose-response relationship was established between number of cigarettes smoked prior to quitting and weight gain. Females starting to smoke cigarettes reduced weight in proportion to daily cigarette consumption. There were no changes of clinical significance in main cardiovascular diseases risk factors with changes in cigarette consumption (and weight).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Equity in health care prioritisation: an empirical inquiry into social value.

The value of QALY gains for different patients may be recalculated using equity weights, but it is unclear which interpretation of equity should be used: severity of illness, fair innings or proportional shortfall. We set up an experiment to analyze which of these equity concepts best reflects people's distributional preferences. Sixty respondents assigned a priority rank to the treatment of 10 conditions using the paired comparison technique. We described these real-life conditions by their actual QALY profiles, i.e. in terms of age, disease free period, duration of disease, quality of life, and life years lost. Next we determined the priority rank order of the 10 conditions by the three equity concepts, using the weights that each equity concept attributes to the different units of the QALY profile describing the 10 conditions. To explore the social interpretation of equity, we compared the observed and theoretical rank orderings using Spearman correlations. All correlations were significant at a 0.05 level. Fair innings best predicted the observed rank order of the 10 conditions (r=0.95). Weaker correlations were found for proportional shortfall (r=0.82) and severity of illness (r=-0.65). This result calls attention to health policy, because actual health care decisions often reflect concerns of severity of illness. This raises the question if health care decision makers evaluate the claims of different patients for health care by appropriate criteria.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Role of stereotactic radiosurgery as a primary treatment option in the management of newly diagnosed multiple (3-6) intracranial metastases.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the role of stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of newly diagnosed multiple intracranial metastases from known primary cancer locations. METHODS: Fifty (29 women and 21 men) patients received radiosurgery for newly diagnosed 3 or more metastatic brain tumors. Their mean age was 53 years. Lung cancer was the most common primary cancer (66%). RESULTS: Arrest in the growth of irradiated tumors was achieved in 41 (82%) patients. Eight patients (16%) required further intervention for tumors in other brain locations. Mean survival after diagnosis of brain disease was 12 months and the brain disease-controlled period was 19 months. The period of brain disease control prolonged (P=.03) with decreasing tumor volumes (<10 mL). Control of treated tumors positively affected survival after diagnosis of brain disease (P=.0001). CONCLUSION: Radiosurgery as an adjuvant improves survival in patients with cancer who have newly diagnosed multiple intracranial metastases by arresting the growth of tumors.

Adult↗