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Results for “Obsessive Behavior”

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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Use of sleep deprivation for the purpose of treating protracted depressive states].

Sleep deprivation therapy was used in 30 patients with protracted, resistant depressive phases within the framework of manic-depressive psychosis. All patients demonstrated some improvement, which lasted from several hours up to 3 days. Changes in the state were mainly expressed in mood swings and to a less extent to the sphere of thinking and motor acts. A course of sleep deprivation (6-8 nights without sleep with an interval of 2-7 days) was administered to 19 patients, of them 7 patients demonstrated a stable improvement. Recording depressive symptomatology by the scale of intensity showed significant positive changes according to the following parameters: mood, thinking, motor acts, interests, sociability. The highest effect was seen in patients with melancholic pictures and significantly worse in depressive-anxious and depressive-obsessional syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Psychological assessment of factors affecting pain.

Use of traditional stimulus-response models of pain leads to differentiation between organic and psychogenic pain, which is often not helpful, if not dangerous, in treating chronic pain. Pain does not simply reflect bodily damage but also complex psychological malfunctioning. Viewing chronic pain as an obsessional state may often help in treating the entire patient and prevent the physician from being obsessed with the patient's obsession. Psychological assessment of pain should focus on the role of psychological processes in the multifactorial causation of the illness causing the pain, notably their role in illness-proneness in general. Also, iatrogenic psychological distress, associatively precipitated psychological conflict and illness-perpetuating psychological processes should be looked for. A serious obstacle to progress with pain problems is not lack of hard data but conceptual confusion. Before medicine can meaningfully assess psychological factors in pain problems it must first learn to perceive psychological disturbances in medical and surgical patients.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Pathomorphosis of classical forms of psychopathies].

The paper deals with questions concerning the modification of classical forms of psychopathy. The forms of psychopathy are not invariable, rigid. They can change during the life span of one psychopathic personality and be expressed in an interchange of obligatory (main) and facultative (supplementary) personality traits, as well as in different variations of the facultative traits of a psychopathic personality. Besides, the forms of psychopathy may gradually change during separate periods (if comparing the structure of separate forms), which indicate the dependence of the structure and dynamics of psychopathy from the changing environment, home conditions, urbanization, cultural level, etc. This should be held in mind in selecting methods of treatment in psychopathy, in recommendations of rehabilitative measures and in forensic-psychiatric exminations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Narcissistic issues in the training experience of the psychotherapist.

This paper discusses some aspects of the development of the professional self-image and related efforts to maintain self-esteem that appear to be generic to the formal years of clinical training. The phenomenology of training, in particular the changing representations of the professional self and the relationships with supervisors, patients, and peers, is explored within the context of the clinical study of narcissism. A central affective issue in training is the emergence of and the recovery from a significant depressive experience organized around a sense of helplessness and hopelessness of achieving core professional aspirations. The impact of a professional mourning process on the trainee's learning and clinical work is discussed, and relevant supervisory processes are presented.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1983

Psychological correlates of compliance.

A urinary assay (17 kgs/creatinine) was used to measure compliance in 31 acute lymphocytic leukemia patients under 15 years of age receiving oral prednisone. Demographic data and psychological test responses of patients and their parents were correlated with the urinary assays. Results indicated that while the rate of compliance was the same for boys and girls, the psychological correlates were very different. Parental personality traits and attitudes were more involved with boy's compliance than with girl's. Some of the parent variables associated with compliance in boys were hostility, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive behavior. Parents described compliant boys as vulnerable. These traits usually are considered maladaptive but in this case appear to facilitate boy's compliance. For girls, far fewer parent variables were associated with compliance. Parents seemed to have less worry and concern about their daughters and presumably give them the responsibility for their own medication. It was the girl's own anxiety which predicted compliance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Family background characteristics in slowly-progressive schizophrenia].

The authors studied the family history of 103 patients with slowly progressive schizophrenia (1218 relatives) characterized by the predominance of obsessions and hysterical disturbances. The study disclosed the accumulation of both various forms of schizophrenia and personality anomalies of psychoasthenic and hysterical types among the relatives of the patients. The clinical specific features of "linear" symptomatology in the families studied were considered. The role of one or another type of constitutional predisposition in the development of phenotypical variants of the disease is shown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Onset of slowly progressive hypochondriacal schizophrenia].

Under examination there were 60 patients with slowly progressing hypochondriacal schizophrenia. Two variants of the disease differing in both the manifestations, form and progress rate were specified. Regularities of the time course of the psychopathological disorders classed with these variants were disclosed. In the first variant the local senestalgias were followed by a stable "neurotic-hypochondriacal" pain syndrome and terminated in formation of superdominant hypochondria. In the second variant the clinical picture of the disease that starts from diffuse, migrating senestalgias later expands due to addition of senesthetic and hystero-conversive disorders and terminated in formation of the syndrome of obsessive hypochondria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Medical-psychologic study of somatic patients].

An attitude towards the disease in patients with chronic somatic disturbances is determined by three factors: the nature of the disease, personality type and the attitude to this particular disease in the microsocial environment to which the patient belongs. Three main types of attitudes towards their disease in patients with chronic somatic disturbances are described: anxious-depressive, melancholic, obsessive-phobic, hypochondriacal, neurasthenical, dysphoric, euphoric, anozognosic, apathetic, egopathic (a fanatic preoccupation with work), sensitive, egocentric, paranoiac. These types may be mixed as well. A knowledge of the above-mentioned types is useful for psychotherapeutic approaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical features of the initial manifestations of slowly-progressing schizophrenia].

On examining 200 patients with slowly progressing schizophrenia it was found that the initial psychopathological disturbances appeared in most cases (in 122 patients) at an age under 20 years, while the distinct progress of the disease was noted much later, in the third or the fourth decade of the life. In 31.5% of the observations, the initial disorders were autochthonous, while in 68.5% they were provoked mainly by psychogenic and environmental factors. A comparison of the autochthonous and provoked initial disturbances showed that both types were presented by affective and obsessive-phobic disorders which could be detected long before the appearance of the clinical manifestation of the process. Clinical aspects of the initial disorders, their time course and interconnections with the symptoms of the subsequent, more advanced stages of the disease are analyzed. The author concludes that the disorders discussed belong to the latent stage of slowly progressing schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Experience with using atropine in comatose and non-comatose doses in psychiatric clinical practice].

Treatment with atropine in comatose doses was given to 11 patients suffering from schizophrenia with obsessive disturbances. A favourable effect was noted when there were no hypochondriacal symptoms in the disease clinical picture. Twenty-two patients with neurotic states received atropine in non-comatose doses. Positive results were noted in patients with obsessions in the disease clinical picture, as well as in patients with reactive depressions. In patients with hypochondriacal disturbances, this form of the therapy appeared to be of no effect.

Adjustment Disorders↗