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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effect of alveolar bone grafting on maxillary growth in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

This cephalometric study reports the extent to which maxillary growth may be impaired by grafting of alveolar bone during the period of mixed dentition. The analysis is confined to subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). The craniofacial dimensions of a group of 28 children who underwent grafting before the age of 12 years were compared by t-test to those of a nongrafted group (N = 30) at 9 and 16 years of age. In addition, two multiple-regression analyses were performed, the second on a group of 70 subjects with UCLP who received a bone graft between the ages of 8 and 15 years. The principal finding was that bone grafting, even when performed on those as young as 8 or 9 years, had no adverse effect on anteroposterior or vertical maxillary growth. This may be attributable to postponement of grafting until most anteroposterior and transverse growth of the anterior maxilla had ceased and to the grafted tissue's ability to participate in the vertical development of the alveolar process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Occlusal morphology in 45,X females.

Seventy-two 45,X females (Turner syndrome) were examined for occlusal anomalies. Prevalence comparisons were made with first-degree female relatives and female population controls. The method of Björk et al [1964] was used for determination of malocclusion. The results clearly suggest an increased prevalence of occlusal anomalies in 45,X females. The most common malocclusions are cross bite, large maxillary overjet, distal molar occlusion, and a tendency to open bite. These anomalies reflect an imbalanced growth of the craniofacial skeleton in three dimensions. These findings suggest that genes on the human X chromosome are of importance in the harmonious growth and development of the craniofacial skeleton and ultimately normal occlusal morphology and relations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Orthopedic expansion and protraction of the maxilla in cleft palate patients--a new treatment rationale.

This preliminary report presents a treatment rationale for cleft lip and palate patients who display underdevelopment of the midfacial complex in the deciduous dentition. In order to create more favorable conditions for midfacial growth, transverse expansion followed by anterior orthopedic traction of the maxillary complex is performed in the deciduous dentition, applying principles introduced by Delaire. A clinical procedure, based on fixed appliances and compatible with edgewise technique has been developed. A treated patient with indicator implants is presented.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[Pre-orthognathic surgery in orthodontics: towards justification].

This work presents long term results of rhinopharyngeal desobstructions on nine years old patients. By using several techniques such as: tonsillectomies, adenoïdectomy, adenoïdotonsillectomies, luxation of inferior turbinates, partial turbinectomies or bilateral turbinectomies under endoscopic guidance, and then, following carefully the oral and nasal peak flows for a period as long as one or two years, it becomes obvious that the most efficient desobstruction procedure is accomplished through a combination of E.N.T. rhinopharyngeal procedures, i.e. adenoïdotonsillectomies and inferior turbinectomies under endoscopic guidance. This global E.N.T. procedure is known as "Chimney Sweep". The author demonstrates that tongue behavior is severely affected by rhinopharyngeal obstruction and by the consecutive dysfunction of the upper airway ventilation pattern. Large tongues and normal tongues pushed forward due to enlarged tonsils or adenoïds are also affected by their necessary participation to oral ventilation (mouth breathers). Addition of a selective lingual glossoplasty or a partial glossectomy is sometimes necessary to put the morphogenic function in a proper order during growth and development. All of the above is part of a new pre-orthognathic concept, that helps control growth and development and helps manage orthodontic or orthognathic treatments.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed2004

Simultaneous functional and fixed appliance therapy for growth modification and dental alignment prior to prosthetic habilitation in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a clinical report.

This clinical report describes the simultaneous use of functional and fixed appliances to modify the pattern of dentofacial development and align teeth in preparation for prosthodontic habilitation of a growing child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. The treatment objective was to create a more favorable starting point for the prosthodontic phase of habilitation by improving the sagittal and vertical skeletal relationships and facial esthetics. This was accomplished through growth modification with functional appliances conducted simultaneously with eruption of maxillary and mandibular molars, dental arch expansion, alignment, and space management using fixed orthodontic appliances. Orthodontic retention was accomplished by means of removable partial dentures. A second phase of orthodontics conducted closer to the age of skeletal maturation will aim at definitive tooth alignment in preparation for dental implant-supported restorations.

Bone Development↗
PubMed1989

Body weight gain as related to craniofacial and calvarial volumetric changes in growing rabbits.

This investigation was conducted to evaluate the relationship between calvarial and craniofacial volumetric growth relative to body weight gain. Ten male New Zealand white rabbits received spherical tantalum bone markers in the nasal, frontal, parietal, and temporal bones: a minimum of two in each bone segment. The animals were followed from age 32 to 144 days using a roentgen stereophotogrammetric system and an accurate scale. Implant stability was checked at each stereometric examination. Sutural growth and volumetric changes were computed and correlated to weight increase. Successive calvarial and craniofacial polyhedron expansion, as well as weight, showed considerable variability and interindividual variation throughout the observation period. Calculated coefficients of determination, linear regressions, and the correlation coefficients for each age interval demonstrated weak correlations, especially for calvarial to weight data. Consequently, this study suggests a low dependence of calvarial volumetric growth, reflecting the neural mass expansion on body weight development. Thereby, further indications of the low reliability of weight as a parameter of general health evaluation was provided.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

An investigation of the association between anterior open-bite and amelogenesis imperfecta.

Fifty subjects with amelogenesis imperfecta were investigated clinically and with cephalometric radiography in order to determine the prevalence and nature of the anterior open-bite, which has been reported in association with these enamel defects. Anterior open-bite occurred in 24 percent of the subjects and was always associated with a severe discrepancy in the vertical relationship of the jaws. This vertical dysgnathia also occurred in a further 20 percent who did not have anterior open-bite. It is suggested that the frequent association of anterior open-bite and amelogenesis imperfecta is caused by a genetically determined anomaly of craniofacial development, rather than by local factors influencing alveolar growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Form and function in craniofacial deformities.

The interplay of form and function is recognized throughout nature. Whether at the cellular level or visible form, physiological function will not be optimal if not supported by ideal morphology. This principle could not be more true than in the relationship between the human skull and face. The development of ideal skull and facial skeletal form is critical for the function of the brain, vision, airway, mastication, and speech. When craniofacial structure is altered by birth defects, proper functioning is drastically affected. We review the neurocranial basis for normal craniofacial skeletal development and present craniofacial abnormalities that illustrate their deleterious affect on facial function.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Identifying normal and abnormal development of dental occlusion.

Abnormalities of occlusal development manifest themselves clinically as a need for orthodontic treatment. There are many circumstances in which there is an interaction between traditional pediatric concerns and occlusal abnormalities. In some cases medical treatment impacts on the development of occlusion. In other cases, occlusal abnormalities contribute to clinical conditions seemingly far removed from the dentition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Impaired mandibular growth and micrognathic development in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A longitudinal study of lateral cephalographs.

The present report is a longitudinal study of the craniofacial growth, based on lateral cephalographs of a group of 26 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), and a matched English control group. In the 26 matched pairs, the mean age at baseline was 8.4 years and at 6-year follow-up 14.7 years, female/male ratio was 3.3/1, and all patients had temporomandibular joint (TMJ) abnormalities. The study revealed obvious growth disturbances in the facial skeleton in the children with JRA. Compared with the controls, the patients showed a smaller mandible with an altered morphology and position. The mandible became more retruded by rotating posteriorly, around a centre in the molar region, and was characterized by appositional growth in the gonion area, vertical growth in the anterior part and proclination of the lower incisors. During the observation period the growth disturbances became more pronounced, reflecting the progressive nature of the abnormal development. Based on these findings, a future aspect of research in this field could be TMJ surgery and orthognathic surgery in an early stage, trying to avoid this unfavourable facial development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of craniofacial and dentoalveolar morphologies of three Japanese monozygotic twin pairs with cleft lip and/or palate discordancy.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we analyzed the craniofacial and dentoalveolar morphologies of three pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in order to evaluate the effects of environmental factors on growth and development. DESIGN: Craniofacial and dentoalveolar morphologies revealed by analyses of cephalograms and dental casts were compared for each pair of twins discordant for CL/P. SUBJECTS: In case 1, the subjects were 10-year-old male twins, one of whom had a repaired unilateral cleft lip and alveolus and one of whom had an unrepaired unilateral cleft lip. In case 2, the subjects were 13-year-old female twins, one of whom had a repaired bilateral cleft lip and palate and one of whom had an unrepaired unilateral cleft lip. In case 3, the subjects were 9-year-old female twins, one of whom had a repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate and one of whom had no cleft. RESULTS: Cephalometric analysis disclosed distinguished intrapair differences in the maxillary and mandibular morphologies in cases 2 and 3. However, the tooth axes of the incisors in operated subjects were consistently influenced in all three cases. Dental cast analysis indicated that the shapes and sizes of the alveolar and dental arches in the operated subjects were affected in case 2 and, more severely, in case 3, while they looked fairly similar in case 1. CONCLUSIONS: Cephalometric and dental cast analyses demonstrated characteristic intrapair differences between the twins discordant for CL/P according to each cleft type. These morphological differences indicate that surgical closure of clefts may have considerable effects on craniofacial and dentoalveolar growth and development in CL/P patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Tooth development in children with cleft lip and palate. An international inquiry into unilateral cleft lip, jaw and palate].

In a cross-sectional study of 106 European children with unilateral complete cleft lip, alveolus and palate ranging from 10 to 15 years of age, dental maturity was determined using orthopantomograms. The method and standards (the 50th percentile line) of Demirjian were used. The study shows a significant delay of dental maturity in both male and female cleft-affected patients. This delay in tooth development supports Van Limborgh's theory that the origin of clefts is due to the delayed growth and development of parts of the dentofacial area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Maxillary development after early secondary osteoplasty in complete unilateral cheilognathopalatoschisis].

The paper presents the retrospective investigation of 99 cleft palate cases with unilateral clefts. The effects of two different lip closures procedure on the development of nasal, labial and maxilla region were investigated. In 50 cases the Le Mesurier lip closure procedure was followed, and in 49 cases the Millard procedure. In the Le Mesurier group a lengthening of lip was observed, while in the Millard group lip length was symmetrical. The cast analysis shows an even development of the anterior maxilla width. The cephalometric analysis also shows a favourable development in the Millard group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Occlusal plane: a clinical evaluation.

The observation of the evolutionary characteristics of Hominid, of the ontogenesis of the occlusal biologic system and of the architectural influence of the occlusal field on the craniofacial morphology brings the evidence of the need for a clinical evaluation of the occlusal plane as an alternative approach to diagnosis in each treatment of the child, adolescent, adult or elder person. The purpose of this paper is to specify some indicators on the occlusal plane with regards to its inclination, length, continuity that facilitate the differential diagnosis especially during development, including those related to orofacial pain and TMJ disturbances.

Adolescent↗