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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Purification and monosaccharide composition of saponin from Asparagus officianlis L].

The saponins extracted from the stem of Asparagus officinalis L., is a glucoside. In the mean time, it solved the problem of environment pollution about wastes of Asparagus officinalis L., and made the waste useful. The factors affected extractive efficiency of the saponin from Asparagus officinalis L. was investigated. The optimal conditions were 95% alcohol; V/W = 6:1; 90 degrees C; 4h. The saponins average abstraction rate from fresh and dry wastes of Asparagus officinalis L. was 1.70% and 4.01% respectively. The saponins were dissociated with Al2O3 column. The eluent was 40% alcohol, the elute curves showed a symmetrical peak. The compound structure was determined by UV, IR and HPLC spectra et al. The results indicated that it belonged to the furostanol saponins and its glycosyl composed of xylose, fucose, arabinose, as well as the mole ratio was Xyl: Fuc : Ara = 1.0:0.13:19.42, Mw 18 500. In this paper, the saponins were extracted from wastes of Asparagus officinalis L. and analyzed glycosyl component in detail.

Asparagus Plant↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of a proton-driven carrier for sialic acid in the lysosomal membrane. Evidence for a group-specific transport system for acidic monosaccharides.

Highly purified lysosomal membrane vesicles, obtained from rat liver lysosomes, were used to study characteristics of NeuAc transport across the lysosomal membrane. Uptake of [14C]NeuAc was found to be strongly influenced by a pH gradient across the membrane. When a proton gradient (pHin greater than pHout) was generated by impermeable buffers, NeuAc uptake above equilibrium level (overshoot) was observed. The influence of membrane diffusion potentials was ruled out by experiments where K+ and valinomycin were present. The overshoot appeared to be specifically produced by protons, since gradients of other cations (Na+ and K+) did not give stimulation. Proton-driven uptake was saturable (Kt = 0.24 mM) and mediated by a single system, as shown by linearity of the Scatchard plot. Stimulation of transport was also obtained by preincubation of vesicles with MgATP and the effect was blocked by 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, but not by the protonophore carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone. Monocarboxylic sugars like glycuronic acids were competitive inhibitors of sialic acid transport. Transstimulation of [14C] NeuAc uptake was observed when vesicles were preloaded either with unlabeled NeuAc or with glucuronic acid. The data demonstrate that lysosomal membrane vesicles from rat liver are a suitable system for kinetic studies of solute transport events. The presence of a proton-driven carrier in the lysosomal membrane specific for sialic acid and other acidic sugars, including glucuronic acid, is shown. The possible physiological significance of these findings for the human lysosomal carrier and the patients with a sialic acid transport defect is discussed.

Amino Acids, Diamino↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of fluorine on enzyme activity in the small intestine mucosa during absorption of sodium, potassium, monosaccharides and amino acids].

Effect of NaF on ATP-ase, creatine kinase, acid and basic phosphatases activity of small intestine mucosa in white rats during enteral administration of NaCl, KCl solutions has been studied under conditions of acute experiment. Inhibition of the Mg2+-ATP-ase activity by 13%, general ATP-ase activity by 25%, creatine kinase by 22% and a 2.2-3 fold inhibition of Na, K+-ATP-ase activity is observed. Acid and basic phosphatase activity does not change, swelling of mucosa is observed. The acid phosphatase activity in the intestinal contents increases 1.5 times, basic phosphatase activity--1.7 times, creatine amount--1.7 times, Pi amount 1.8 times. In experiments in vitro F- produces 20% activation of the basic phosphatase of mucosa and a 2.6-fold inhibition of the acid phosphatase. Rate of fructose absorption falls by 34%, that of methionine--by 29%, glucose--by 24%, glutaminic acid--by 10%. Activity of general ATP-ase in this case decreases by 22, 15, 27, 20% respectively. It is supposed that the F- effect results in destabilization of the membrane structures of the intestine mucosa.

Acid Phosphatase↗