Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Intestinal Obstruction”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Various aspects of diagnosis and treatment of functional intestinal obstruction].

Functional activity of the mediation cholinergic system (MChS) was studied in experiment in animals as well as in patients after appendectomy, gastric resection for ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum, cholecystectomy. Clear changes of biochemical characteristics were established in the system of neurohumoral regulation during the first day of the development of functional intestinal obstruction. In later terms of development of the disease the progressing disturbance of balance in the MChS was responsible for the decompensated state of the organism and suppression of the motor function of the intestine. Drugs such as Desoxypeganin hydrochloride and Primperan must be included in curative measures.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1991

Intestinal obstruction during shigellosis: incidence, clinical features, risk factors, and outcome.

To determine the incidence and outcome of intestinal obstruction during shigellosis, the authors assessed 1211 consecutive patients with shigellosis admitted during a 15-month period to a diarrhea treatment center in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Obstruction was identified in 30 (2.5%) patients. Ten (33.3%) of these patients died, compared with 97 (8.2%) of the 1181 patients without obstructions (P less than 0.001; RR = 4.1). In a case-control study, patients with obstructions were compared with 30 control patients with shigellosis but without obstructions. Case and control patients were similar in age (median, 18 months vs. 24 months; NS). Before admission to the hospital, case patients had less often been breast-fed than control patients (33% vs. 85%; P = 0.006) and had more often received antimicrobial agents (53% vs. 13%; P = 0.001). Case patients more often had abdominal tenderness (73% vs. 13%; P less than 0.001), altered consciousness (50% vs. 17%; P = 0.006), and Shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection (73% vs. 27%, P = 0.001) and had a higher median blood leukocyte count (40 x 10(3)/microL vs. 14 x 10(3)/microL; P = 0.007) and serum potassium concentration (5.0 mmol/L vs. 4.3 mmol/L; P = 0.016), and lower median serum sodium (123 mmol/L vs. 131 mmol/L; P = 0.003) and total protein (52 g/L vs. 60 g/L; P = 0.025) concentrations than did control patients. Eight (27%) patients with obstructions developed the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, compared with none of the control patients (P = 0.003). It was concluded that obstruction is an ominous complication of shigellosis and that therapies in addition to provision of antimicrobial agents need to be evaluated.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1981

Medication bezoar: intestinal obstruction by an isocal bezoar. Case report and review of the literature.

Medications may occasionally obstruct the gastrointestinal tract by virtue of their physical mass. Obturative obstruction of the alimentary tract is reportedly caused by an increasing number of medications, including hydroscopic bulk laxatives, cholestyramine, nonabsorbable antacids, and vitamin C tablets. Inspissated Isocal tube feedings caused jejunal obstruction in a postoperative patient. Medication bezoars are a rare cause of intestinal obstruction that may result in significant patient morbidity, including bowel necrosis, perforation, and peritonitis. The radiographic appearance may mimic an abdominal abscess.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: a new cause of intestinal obstruction in the newborn. Report of radiologic findings in five newborn girls.

Five newborn girls presented with small intestinal obstruction and microcolon and a giant bladder (megacystis). Organic causes of obstruction were not found, and the gastrointestinal tract failed to function after appropriate diversion. Two died in the postoperative period, two lived several months on central venous hyperalimentation, and one died at 34 months of age following chronic though intermittent hyperalimentation. Pathologic studies showed an abundance of ganglion cells in both dilated and narrowed areas of intestine; the combined small bowel-colon length was one-third of normal in the absence of an evident obstructive or vascular insult. The five patients represent the most severe manifestation of defective intestinal peristalsis in a larger group of distended newborns in whom organic gastrointestinal obstruction is not found. Treatment with central venous hyperalimentation may sustain life, and some patients eventually recover gastrointestinal function. The hypoperistalsis is largely refractory to pharmacologic treatment; its cause is unknown.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

Intestinal obstruction due to phytobezoars of banana seeds: a case report.

Phytobezoars are a well-known, though rare, cause of mechanical alimentary tract obstruction. They occur mainly in patients who have undergone abdominal surgery, where most literature reports describe the causes as persimmons and oranges. We report four cases, seen within a period of 19 months in Laos, with intestinal obstruction caused by phytobezoars from jungle banana seeds. They had no history of previous gastrointestinal surgery. The recommended therapy in total obstruction is laparotomy, "milking" through the ileocaecal junction, or enterotomy and direct extraction. As recurrence and presentation at multiple sites are possible, all of the gastrointestinal tract should be thoroughly examined intraoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Experimental intestinal obstruction in rats. Studies on structure and disaccharidase activities.

An experimental model of congenital intestinal obstruction (CIO) was created in rats by means of fetal intrauterine surgery between the 16th and 20th days of gestation. By the use of a microsurgical technique areas at the mid-jejunum or the jejuno-ileal junction were infarcted by coagulation of mesenteric vessels. Gestation was terminated by Cesarean section within 24 hours before expected term to avoid cannibalism. The structure of the intestinal mucosal cells proximal and distal to the CIO at the light microscopy as well as the ultrastructure level was not changed indicating that the surgical method was successful. The activities of the brush border enzymes, maltase and lactase were significantly reduced distal to the obstruction as compared to controls. Proximal to the obstruction lactase was the only enzyme showing reduced activity in comparison to controls. These findings were not dependent on the localization of the obstruction or when it was performed and suggest that CIO causes selective changes of the biochemical properties of the cell membrane. The results are in agreement with the findings of disaccharidase activities in biopsies taken from human infants with CIO and point to the importance of a normal intestinal passage for the development of brush border enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Internal hernia: a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Apropos of 14 cases].

AIM OF THE STUDY: Internal hernia is an uncommon cause of acute intestinal obstruction. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the diagnosis, the management, and the follow-up of the internal hernias operated over a 10-year period in our department of visceral surgery. METHODS: 14 spontaneous internal hernias were observed. The patients were evaluated with respect to symptoms, radiological findings, time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and surgery, type of operation performed, postoperative morbidity and mortality, postoperative stay, and follow-up. RESULTS: There were 8 men and 6 women. The preoperative diagnosis was evoked in only one case. The mean time elapsed between the onset of the symptoms and surgery was 31.1 hours (range 6 to 72 hours). Two intestinal resection were performed. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 11.3 days (range 6 to 22 days). The morbidity was 21.4% with no mortality. Mean follow-up was 7 months (range 3 to 15 months); one patient developed an incisional hernia. CONCLUSION: Since preoperative diagnosis of an internal hernia is difficult because of the lack of specific signs, morbidity and mortality can be decreased with early surgical intervention. Operative risks include vascular accidents, especially to hernia neck vessels.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Surgical management of intestinal obstruction in ovarian cancer. I. Clinical features, postoperative complications, and survival.

The results of surgery to relieve intestinal obstruction in 49 patients who were known to have ovarian cancer were studied. All patients had received adjunctive chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy prior to bowel obstruction. Thirty patients had small bowel obstruction, 16 patients had colonic obstruction, and 3 patients had concurrent small and large bowel obstruction. Clinical status, nutritional parameters, and radiographic findings were analyzed. Progressive ovarian cancer was ultimately found to be the cause of obstruction in 86% of patients. Major postoperative complications occurred in 49% of patients and were encountered significantly more frequently in those patients with small bowel obstruction (P less than 0.04). Complications most frequently encountered included wound infection, enterocutaneous fistulae, and other septic sequelae. Median postoperative survival was 140 days, with 73% surviving at 60 days postoperatively. A total of 14.3% of patients were alive 12 months postoperatively. These results are similar to prior reports and emphasize the need for clearer preoperative selection criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Multifocal eosinophilic enteritis associated with a small intestinal obstruction in a standardbred horse.

A seven-year-old standardbred gelding developed marked signs of colic associated with an acute small intestinal obstruction. Surgical exploration revealed three intramural, circumferential constricting lesions in the small intestine, the two most severe of which were in the jejunum and were resected. The horse was euthanased owing to postoperative complications. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of idiopathic multifocal eosinophilic enteritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Intestinal obstruction caused by internal transmesosigmoid hernia: a complication of laparoscopic surgery?].

Authors describe a rare case of intestinal obstruction due to a strangulated transmesosigmoid hernia appeared 5 months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. They underline the rarity of this pathology which is mostly treated in emergency without any possibility of preoperative diagnosis. They analyze the pathogenesis, mainly due to pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery and surgical treatment. They stress the necessity of a correct knowledge by the surgeon of the anatomical features of this kind of hernias in order to treat them surgically with good results.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2002

A rare cause of intestinal obstruction in the adult: Morgagni's hernia.

Morgagni's hernia is a rare congenital diaphragmatic herniation and is usually diagnosed in childhood. It is quite rare in adults, and intestinal obstruction as a complication due to intrathoracic intestinal herniation rarely occurs. We present the plain radiography and computed tomography findings of an adult patient with acute abdomen symptoms due to Morgagni's hernia.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1991

Functional intestinal obstruction in Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

Two patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura are described. Both developed prolonged intestinal obstruction requiring total parenteral nutrition. One child had transient partial duodenal obstruction on barium study and in the other extensive ecchymosis was confirmed at laparotomy.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Small intestinal obstruction caused by extramedullary hemopoiesis and revealing myeloproliferative syndrome.

A 60-year-old woman was admitted with mild intestinal obstruction. Enteroclysis showed segmental narrowing with mucosal fold thickening of the proximal jejunum. Computed tomography in addition demonstrated enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes in the proximity of the diseased intestinal loop. Histological examination of the resected intestinal segment showed extramedullary hemopoiesis. Bone marrow examination confirmed myeloproliferative syndrome.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1996

Partial intestinal obstruction induces substantial mucosal proliferation in the pig.

Parenteral nutrition and improving supportive treatment have resulted in prolonged survival for patients with short bowel syndrome. However, definitive therapy for patients with short bowel syndrome must focus on increasing small intestinal mucosal mass. Intestinal lengthening procedures rely on intestinal dilation to accomplish this. The authors hypothesized that partial intestinal obstruction would result in consistent dilation of the intestine and would provide increased intestinal mass for use in intestinal lengthening. The authors developed a partially obstructing prosthetic valve to dilate the intestine before intestinal lengthening. This report describes the changes elicited by the valve. Twelve weanling pigs were divided randomly into two groups of six. One group had valve placement 240 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz; the other had sham surgery. The survival rate was 100% for both groups, and the mean weight gain was similar. Both groups were fed pig chow mush and were killed 5 weeks after surgery. Intestinal diameter was measured, and the small intestine was harvested, preserved, and sectioned for microscopic examination. The mean bowel diameter 15 cm proximal to the valve was 4.7 cm in the valved group and 3.3 cm in the sham group (42% increase). Total mucosal thickness, villus height, crypt depth, and villus density were significantly greater for the valved pigs in all sections (proximal and distal to the valve). Surface index and intestinal circumference were significantly greater in the valved pigs in all sections proximal to the valve, but there was no significant difference in these values for sections distal to the valve. There was no significant difference in villus cell density between the two groups at any location. Chronic partial obstruction of the small intestine results in consistent dilation of the intestine, with growth of all layers of the bowel, including the mucosa. This dilation and mucosal growth results in a true increase in surface area and is an ideal first step toward sequential lengthening.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Intestinal obstruction in the early postoperative period in patients with gastrointestinal tumors].

Data on the clinical course and medical tactics in mechanical small intestine ileus developing in the early postoperative period in patients with carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract are given. The mechanical intestinal ileus was responsible for relaparotomies in 22 patients (5 of them died). An early repeated operation is stressed to be necessary which is less dangerous for the patient than a continuous waiting.

Adult↗