Personal medical retrieval system.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Information Systems↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Information Retrieval Systems”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Identification of journal characteristics useful in improving input and output of a retrieval system.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Information Systems↗
An open architecture for medical imaging systems.
Integration of medical imaging is the goal of many standards. Interfile and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standards have made great strides in this area. The impact of DICOM is greater owing to its wider acceptance. However, the lack of conformance testing makes interoperability difficult, often requiring expensive consulting teams in a mixed-vendor environment. DICOM is difficult to learn and deploy because it does not use modern software paradigms. Many hardware and software advances in computer architectures and communications could greatly enhance diagnostic imaging if they could be quickly incorporated into medical imaging standards. These problems led to consideration of a solution able to take advantage of state-of-the-art technology and to allow diverse implementations while ensuring the accurate interchange of information between health care providers. It is an object-oriented system information model, with the common object request broker architecture (CORBA) as the vehicle to ensure interoperability between different implementations of the model. This report presents the model.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Use of the Anderson Sling suspension system for recovery of horses from general anesthesia.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a sling recovery system (Anderson Sling) for horses and to evaluate outcome of high-risk horses recovered from general anesthesia by a sling. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Horses (n=24) recovered from general anesthesia. METHODS: Complete medical and anesthetic records (1996-2003) for horses recovered from general anesthesia using the Anderson Sling system were evaluated retrospectively. Information retrieved included anesthetic protocol, surgical procedure, recovery protocol, recovery time, and quality of the recovery. Horses were recovered from anesthesia supported by the Anderson Sling in a standing position within a traditional padded equine recovery stall. RESULTS: Twenty-four horses had 32 assisted recoveries; 31 events were successful. No complications associated with the sling or recovery system protocol occurred. One horse was intolerant of the sling's support and was reanesthetized and recovered successfully using head and tail ropes. CONCLUSION: The Anderson Sling recovery system is an effective and safe way to recover horses that are at increased risk for injury associated with adverse events during recovery from general anesthesia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The Anderson Sling system should be considered for assisted recovery of equine patients from general anesthesia.
Anesthesia Recovery Period↗
Computerized documentation of pharmacists' interventions.
A computerized system for documenting interventions, developed by the pharmacy department at a 695-bed tertiary care university teaching hospital, is described. A computerized system was developed to better gain the needed details on pharmacists' recommendations, to capture a greater number of such recommendations, and to prepare for recent changes in standards of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Only clinically important recommendations or those that involve cost savings are documented. Data can be entered and retrieved from any medical information system terminal in the hospital, and each entry becomes part of the patient's permanent record. A hard copy of all recommendations and a data file are generated daily. Analysis of the data has provided numerous opportunities for improving both patient care and the quality of pharmaceutical services. The system has been well received by pharmacists and has resulted in physician support of pharmacists' recommendations, as well as substantial cost savings. A convenient, easy-to-use computerized program for reporting interventions has helped a pharmacy department conduct departmental and institutional quality assurance activities and decrease costs.
Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems↗
[The retrieval of attention-dependent long-term memory traces].
Phenomenon of memory dissociation is proposed as a paradigm for studying the retrieval processes of the long-term memory. The memory-dissociated states of brain are produced by external influence and result in selective reversible disturbances of the retrieval processes without substantial changes in perception and storage of new information. Analysis of dissociated states induced by pharmacological influences has led us to the following conclusions: 1) the reversible failures of the retrieval processes are usual for the attention-dependent form of long-term memory, 2) hippocampus is the key structure in brain mechanisms that realize the engram selection during memory retrieval, 3) the central cholinergic and GABAergic systems regulate the retrieval of information, 4) steady disturbances of retrieval of the long-term attention-dependent memory are accompanied by strongly pronounced changes in hippocampal cells including those at the membrane and genomic levels.
Attention↗
An information system for analyzing census data on microcomputers.
The authors describe a software program called CeDAR, for Census Data Analysis and Retrieval System, which is "a microcomputer-based census information system that can be used to retrieve, display, manipulate and analyze published data from the 1980 U.S. Census and other geographic databases." General characteristics, sequence of operation, and availability of CeDAR are discussed.
Americas↗
Conceptual approach for the design of radiology reporting interfaces: the talking template.
Within the coming decade, traditional dictation supported by human transcription for radiology reports will be replaced by one or more computerized methods. This paper discusses the cognitive and process efficiency problems arising from currently available technology including speech recognition and menu-driven interfaces. A specific concept for interaction with the reporting interface is proposed. This is called the "talking template" and departs from other designs by providing for all interactions to be mediated through audible prompts and microphone controls. The radiologist can recapture efficiency and cognitive focus by dictating while viewing images without the "look away" problem inherent in other interfaces.
Cognition↗
The computer-based patient record vision contrasted with HIS/MIS.
The computer-based patient record (CPR), or electronic patient record, is an outgrowth of early medical information system (MIS) and hospital information system (HIS) efforts. However, significant additional requirements must be met to achieve the CPR vision. Contrasts between CPR and HIS/MIS are described. Factors key to completing the transitions are identified.
Confidentiality↗
Pathways.
Hospital Information Systems (HIS) in their various forms are receiving wider acceptance and recognition due to the overwhelming global need to improve the efficiency and cost effectiveness of the provision of health care. Many of the technological limitations of the past have been, or are being, overcome. This makes HIS viable and extremely valuable to all members of the health care delivery team. Due to the magnitude of investment in the implementation and support of HIS, in terms of both financial and human effort, and the rapid rate at which information technology is developing, hospital managers in many parts of the world face the dilemma of whether to invest in HIS now or wait a little longer until the development has 'settled down' and become more affordable. We are certain of two things with respect to information technology (IT); these are that hardware technology will continue to develop at an ever increasing rate, and that the cost thereof will continue to decrease, to the extent that many are of the opinion that the IT revolution is now upon us. The question of whether an evolutionary or revolutionary development in HIS will ensue continues. It is believed that financial considerations will dictate. It is however generally accepted that a fast-track evolutionary development in HIS will take place due to the need to protect the investments of the past, and organisational dependence on operational HIS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Computer Communication Networks↗
Integrated computerized patient records: a two-year Geneva experience.
The UNIDOC system of computer-based medical records that was developed and made operational within the DIOGENE-2 Hospital Information System (HIS), is based upon a fully standardized and distributed open systems architecture. It should also be emphasized that UNIDOC illustrates a feasible marriage of the two technologies, UNIX and MS-DOS, is in many respects successful enough to be recommended as a sound general solution to medical office integration into a HIS.
Abstracting and Indexing↗
Radiologists' reading times using PACS and using films: one practice's experience.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To measure the change in radiologists' productivity in terms of interpretation time per examination when using picture archiving and communication system (PACS) workstations in a particular private practice, Valley Radiologists, Ltd, as part of a feasibility study and subsequent business plan to implement a digital enterprise. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time to process a series of exams was measured for 18 radiologists during an uninterrupted period of a working day. Radiologists in the practice served in multiple locations. The data were analyzed in aggregate and by modality (plain film, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging). Average time per exam, with and without PACS, was measured for each modality. Regression analysis was used to determine the independent effect of PACS on radiologist productivity. RESULTS: The mean time to process an exam was 1.4 minutes (SE = 0.04) for plain film, 1.96 minutes (SE = 0.14) for ultrasound, 5.08 minutes (SE = 0.44) for computed tomography, and 6.83 minutes (SE = 0.31) for magnetic resonance imaging. Regression results indicate that PACS had no effect on the time taken to read a series of exams. CONCLUSIONS: When considering a PACS purchase or implementation, decrease in radiologists' time to process an examination may not be realized. In this specific practice setting, we did not find evidence that PACS workstations alone, without any other changes in workflow design, improved radiologists' interpretation time.
Database Management Systems↗
Getting to the point: developing IT for the sharp end of healthcare.
Healthcare demonstrates the same properties of risk, complexity, uncertainty, dynamic change, and time-pressure as other high hazard sectors including aviation, nuclear power generation, the military, and transportation. Unlike those sectors, healthcare has particular traits that make it unique such as wide variability, ad hoc configuration, evanescence, resource constraints, and governmental and professional regulation. While healthcare's blunt (management) end is more easily understood, the sharp (operator) end is more difficult to research the closer one gets to the sharp end's point. Understanding sharp end practice and cognitive work can improve computer-based systems resilience, which is the ability to perform despite change and challenges. Research into actual practice at the sharp end of healthcare will provide the basis to understand how IT can support clinical practice. That understanding can be used to develop computer-based systems that will act as team players, able to support both individual and distributed cognitive work at healthcare's sharp end.
Artificial Intelligence↗
A user-centered framework for redesigning health care interfaces.
Numerous health care systems are designed without consideration of user-centered design guidelines. Consequently, systems are created ad hoc, users are dissatisfied and often systems are abandoned. This is not only a waste of human resources, but economic resources as well. In order to salvage such systems, we have combined different methods from the area of computer science, cognitive science, psychology, and human-computer interaction to formulate a framework for guiding the redesign process. The paper provides a review of the different methods involved in this process and presents a life cycle of our redesign approach. Following the description of the methods, we present a case study, which shows a successfully applied example of the use of this framework. A comparison between the original and redesigned interfaces showed improvements in system usefulness, information quality, and interface quality.
Artificial Intelligence↗
A systems engineering perspective on the human-centered design of health information systems.
The discipline of systems engineering, over the past five decades, has used a structured systematic approach to managing the "cradle to grave" development of products and processes. While elements of this approach are typically used to guide the development of information systems that instantiate a significant user interface, it appears to be rare for the entire process to be implemented. In fact, a number of authors have put forth development lifecycle models that are subsets of the classical systems engineering method, but fail to include steps such as incremental hazard analysis and post-deployment corrective and preventative actions. In that most health information systems have safety implications, we argue that the design and development of such systems would benefit by implementing this systems engineering approach in full. Particularly with regard to bringing a human-centered perspective to the formulation of system requirements and the configuration of effective user interfaces, this classical systems engineering method provides an excellent framework for incorporating human factors (ergonomics) knowledge and integrating ergonomists in the interdisciplinary development of health information systems.
Artificial Intelligence↗
Human-centered computing in health information systems. Part 1: analysis and design.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Artificial Intelligence↗
Human-centered computing in health information systems part 2: evaluation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Artificial Intelligence↗
The computer-based patient record challenges towards timeless and spaceless medical practice.
Although computerization is increasingly advocated as a means for hospitals to enhance quality of care and control costs, few studies have evaluated its impact on the day-to-day organization of medical work. This study investigated a large Computerized Patient Record (CPR) project ($50 million U.S.) aimed at allowing physicians to work in a completely electronic record environment. The present multiple-case study analyzed the implementation of this project conducted in four hospitals. Our results show the intricate complexity of introducing the CPR in medical work. Profound obstructions to the achievement of a tighter synchronization between the care and information processes were the main problems. The presence of multiple information systems in one (Communication, Decision Support, and Archival record keeping) was overlooked. It introduced several misconceptions in the meaning and codification of clinical information that were then torn apart between information richness to sustain clinical decisions and concision to sustain care coordination.
Canada↗