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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

High contrast enhancement of the liver in CT by repeated doses of contrast medium.

A technique consisting of repeated injections of contrast medium has been used in 530 cases of upper abdominal CT studies for evaluation of hepatic and pancreatic disease. Out of 530 cases, 105 patients had hepatic lesions, 62 metastatic, 3 adenomas, 4 haemangiomas and 6 hepatomas. The remaining 30 patients had cystic lesions involving the liver. Using a repeat dose technique and rapid scanning, the accuracy rate ranged about 90%. Th authors feel that this technique should be employed routinely for evaluation of hepatic problems and that other techniques should be abandoned.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical experiences in rapid infusion of jotroxamide in cholegraphie (author's transl)].

Jotroxamid has been infused intravenously in 60 patients within 10 minutes for cholegraphy. At the evaluation, contrast medium side effects, heterotopie excretion, quality of contrast and length of examination time have been considered. Reactions to the contrast medium were low compared with the results of other authors, an increase of cases with roentgenographie demonstrable heterotopic excretion could not be observed. Opacification of the biliary duct system was except in 2 cases very good. The total examination time was compared with the conventional infusion rate 30 minutes less.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1980

[Significance of the liver cell in elimination of cholegraphic agents (author's transl)].

The isolated rat liver is used a model to demonstrate the role of the liver cell in the hepatocellcular elimination of cholegraphic contrast agents. The liver morphology determines the passage of the contrast agent from the liver sinus, into the hepatocyte and out into the bile duct, whereby the entry into the liver cell and its excretion into the bile play the most important role. Our results show that the binding of the cholegraphic agents to the plasma protein causes a delay in the cellular uptake; however, this binding it is important to prevent premature renal excretion. An active carrier-mediated transport mechanism is presumed. Y and Z proteins enhance the cellular uptake, the intracellular transport and the biotransformation of the compounds; the exact mechanism being yet unknown. An active transport mechanism also exists at the site of cellular excretion, the capacity of which limits the amounts and the concentration of the excreted agent in the bile, and which can be inhibited competitively. Knowledge of these pharmacokinetics is important for cholegraphy and its interpretation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the deiodination of 3,3',5'-T3 (reverse T3) to 3,3'-T2 (diiodothyronine) in rat liver.

Properties of the deiodination reaction of rT3 to 3,3' T2 in rat liver homogenate are reported and compared with T4 to T3 conversion under similar conditions. pH optimum and SH-group dependency of these two reactions are quite different, though both are concerned with 5' deiodination. The most potent activator of the reaction rT3 to T2' is dithiothreitol; the enzyme activity increases almost linearly even at very high concentration of this compound (the same is true for mercaptoethanol). Glutathione and coenzyme A, show only small activating effects. T4 to T3 and rT3 to T2' converting is being induced almost parallel in thyrectomized rats substituted with T4 or T3.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Intravenous cholangiography and the management of choledocholithiasis prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

The preoperative diagnosis of choledocholithiasis simplifies the laparoscopic management of biliary tract disease. Slow infusion intravenous cholangiography (SI-IVC) may be an accurate and cost-effective screening test for choledocholithiasis, and it is safer than traditional intravenous cholangiography. Forty-nine patients underwent SI-IVCs for suspected choledocholithiasis. These patients subsequently had endoscopic retrograde cholangiograms (ERC) or intraoperative cholangiograms (IOC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Sixteen SI-IVCs demonstrated choledocholithiasis; 13 were confirmed by ERCs or by IOCs. The remaining 33 patients with negative SI-IVCs had negative ERCs or IOCs. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of detecting choledocholithiasis by SI-IVC were 100%, 92%, and 94%. Only one patient had a mild reaction to the contrast agent. In our hospital the cost of an SI-IVC is $324, the cost of an IOC is $393 (including operating room and anesthesia costs), and the cost of an ERC is $1,085. SI-IVC is an accurate method of preoperative screening for choledocholithiasis. It is safe and cost-effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Feasibility of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients with a nonvisualized gallbladder on drip infusion cholangiography.

We report here the operative findings, the incidence of successful laparoscopic treatment, and the perioperative complications in patients with nonvisualized gallbladder on drip infusion cholangiography (DIC). Eighty-five patients with a nonvisualized gallbladder on DIC were entered into the study. None of the patients had a minimal adhesive gallbladder; 51 to 85 patients (60.0%) had moderate adhesive gallbladders, and 34 (40.0%) had severely adhesive ones. The rate of successful laparoscopic treatment, including laparoscopy-assisted abdominal surgery, was 97.6% (83 of 85 patients). Perioperative complications occurred in only three patients (3.5%), and there were no deaths related to the operation. Thus, when patients with a nonvisualized gallbladder on DIC undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy, meticulous procedures must be carried out; however, as the rate of successful laparoscopic treatment is high, cholecystectomy under laparoscopy is feasible for experienced surgeons.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1994

[Adverse reactions to high osmolarity contrast media. A comparative-prospective study].

The purpose of this study was to verify and compare the different types of reactions to iodinated contrast media available at the Social Security Metropolitan Hospital Complex: Conray 60%, Vascoray and Uromiron. These are ionic, high osmolality compounds. The authors found that, in 400 patients not only the osmolality had an important role in the reactions observed, but that the intrinsic nature of the molecule of the contrast medium used was the determining factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Intravenous cholangiography in preoperative assessment of patients considered for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

This study examines the role of intravenous cholangiography in the preoperative assessment of the first 100 patients considered for laparoscopic cholecystectomy at this institution. Intravenous cholangiography detected common bile duct (CBD) stones in 10 patients, of whom only five had a dilated CBD (> 8 mm). There were no cases of inadequate visualization of the CBD using IVC and no allergic reactions to the contrast medium. All CBD stones were confirmed by either endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or exploration of the CBD. There have been no cases of missed CBD stones during a follow-up period of 8 to 18 months. In contrast, ultrasound scanning was only able to detect one CBD stone, and there was a 14% incidence of inadequate visualisation of the CBD. Intravenous cholangiography is a safe, inexpensive, and highly accurate technique for assessing the CBD in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with false-positive and false-negative rates of 0 in this study. The timing of the investigation permits preoperative clearance of the duct by ERCP and, should this fail, the option of a single procedure of open exploration of the CBD.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of x-ray contrast media on the amount of thromboxane and prostacyclin in the blood of man and rats in vivo and in vitro].

The in vivo and in vitro effects of radioopaque agents such as bilignost, iodamide, and triombrast on blood thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and prostacyclin levels were studied in man and rats. These radioopaque agents were demonstrated to increase prostacyclin levels and to decrease TxB2 in the plasma by 40%, as evidenced by urography when given in vivo (1-2 g/kg) and in vitro (2.5.10(-2) M and 2.5.10(-3) M).

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1996

[The value of intravenous cholangiography prior to elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

Thirty-eight patients admitted for elective cholecystectomy were preoperatively evaluated by means of liver function tests, ultrasonographic examination and intravenous cholangiography (IVC). Common bile duct stones (CBS) were found in four patients (11%, 95% confidence limits 3-25%). Due to a history of jaundice and/or elevated liver function tests, CBS were suspected in three of these patients, and unexpected in one. Totally, CBS were suspected in eight patients, either because of their history and/or elevated liver function tests. No side effects were observed during or after the IVC procedure. It can be concluded that IVC is a lenient procedure for radiological assessment of the common bile duct prior to elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It can be recommended as an alternative to diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in patients in whom CBS are suspected.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The mechanism of histamine liberation from rat mast cells under the action of x-ray contrast media].

It was demonstrated in rat experiments that a positive direct correlation exists between the decrease in the amount of histamine in rat peritoneal must cells after intravenous infusion of radiopaque agents (ROA) in a dose of 2 ml/kg and the amount of these penetrating from the blood into the peritoneal cavity. The degree of penetration is determined by the chemical structure and/or physiochemical properties of the ROA.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of epsilon-aminocaproic acid and prednisolone on the activation of the complement system due to x-ray contrast agents in rats in vitro].

epsilon-Aminocaproic acid and prednisolone in concentration of 3.0 x 10(-5) M are proven to reduce or even completely prevent activation of the alternative pathway of the component which has been induced by iod-amide adipiodone and triombrast in concentrations 2.5 x 10(-2) M in the serum of "sensitive" rats. The preventive effect of the glucocorticoid appeared less pronounced. There exists direct positive correlation between the degree of the component activation with radiopaque compounds and preventive effect of the drugs studied.

Aminocaproic Acid↗