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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Treatment of large fibroids with high doses of gestrinone.

Twenty-four women with large, myomatous uteri, measuring between 218.7 and 2,920 cm3 were treated with gestrinone, a tri-enic steroid with antiestrogen and antiprogesterone properties. In order to saturate the receptors of the large myomata, the doses used to treat these women were twice the recommended dosage of 2.5 mg, 3 times weekly, used to treat smaller tumors. The treatment lasted 6 months to 1 year. In all cases there was a reduction in uterine volume. In the 24 patients, the mean uterine volume of 724.9 cm3 on admission decreased to 450.73 cm3 at 6 months. For 14 patients treated for a full year, the mean uterine volume of 689.73 cm3 decreased to 329.22 cm3. Menstruation was suppressed in all patients by the end of the 2nd month of treatment. Episodic bleeding occurred in 6 patients but in only 1 did this last longer than 1 week. Other symptoms such as pelvic discomfort and dysuria disappeared or were significantly alleviated by the 2nd month of treatment. Side effects included seborrhea, acne, nervousness, myalgia and arthraglia, hoarseness and mild hirsutism but all these symptoms were promptly reversed following discontinuation. The mean increase in weight was 3.4 kg in 6 months. No menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes and depression developed during this trial. Six patients complained of excessive sweating. Blood glucose creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, alkaline phosphatase, pyruvic and glutamic transaminases remained within the normal range.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Production of prolactin by smooth muscle cells cultured from human uterine fibroid tumors.

Uterine leiomyomas, which are myometrial smooth muscle tumors, secrete PRL. We investigated the actions of several hormones known to stimulate PRL secretion by the pituitary gland or decidua on PRL secretion by leiomyoma-derived smooth muscle cells (SMC) in monolayer culture. Cultures were verified to be SMC by immunostaining for smooth muscle alpha-action and desmin. Hormone treatments were performed in serum-free medium for 72 h. Medium was harvested every 24 h and assayed for PRL. 17 beta-Estradiol, progesterone, TRH, insulin-like growth factor-I, epidermal growth factor, and the GnRH agonist leuprolide did not affect PRL secretion by these SMC. Insulin caused a significant suppression of PRL secretion by 72 h, and this was accompanied by a 64% increase in total cell protein per well, which represented an increase in cell number. Cells were also plated at various densities to determine the effects of cell number on PRL secretion. The amount of PRL secreted per 1000 cells decreased significantly as cell number per well increased. Northern blot analysis identified PRL mRNA in fresh leiomyoma tissue. PRL mRNA in three independent cultures of SMC was then detected by reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction. Hybridization occurred only with the expected band of approximately 423 basepairs in size. We conclude that leiomyomas express PRL mRNA in vivo and that leiomyoma-derived SMC in culture continue to express the PRL mRNA and secrete PRL in the absence of ovarian steroids. PRL secretion by SMC in culture appears to be modulated primarily by changes in cell density.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Influence of exogenous estrogen receptor ligands on uterine leiomyoma: evidence from an in vitro/in vivo animal model for uterine fibroids.

The remarkable frequency of uterine leiomyoma in the human population calls into question the potential for the participation of environmental factors in tumor etiology. Having been implicated in the dramatic rise in hormone-related cancers in recent years, endocrine disruptors are salient suspects in this pathogenesis, although the mechanism by which they might participate is unclear. Investigations using the Eker rat model show that uterine leiomyoma may have an enhanced sensitivity to modulation via the estrogen receptor. This sensitivity could make these tumors a target for disruption by exogenous estrogen receptor ligands. Direct evidence for a pathogenic role of exogenous compounds in leiomyomas is lacking; however, it can be demonstrated that such diverse agents as organochlorine pesticides, dietary flavonoids, botanical extracts, and therapeutic antiestrogens have either estrogen agonist or antagonist function in myometrial tissues. The use of this model will help define the impact of exogenous estrogen receptor modulators on uterine leiomyoma and will permit the evaluation of strategies for therapeutic intervention.

Animals↗