Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Ergometry”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Elevated plasma concentration of neuropeptide Y in adolescents with primary hypertension.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been recently characterised as a circulating vasoconstrictor peptide which is co-stored with noradrenaline (NA) in sympathetic neurons. We measured NPY by radioimmunoassay and NA by HPLC in plasma of ten healthy volunteers (23-27 years of age) during bicycle ergometry and found a rapid increase of both NPY and NA during exercise. NPY rose from 1.3 +/- 0.5 to 9.6 +/- 7.8 pmol/l and NA from 1.3 +/- 0.3 to 10.8 +/- 5.6 mnol/l (mean +/- SD). Following maximal exercise NA disappeared more rapidly from plasma than NPY. Compared with these healthy volunteers, plasma NPY was found to be elevated in 23 children and adolescents aged 9-18 years with borderline primary hypertension (NPY 3.1 +/- 1.7 pmol/l, P < 0.01). Basal NPY was also elevated when compared with 21 age-matched pediatric controls (P < 0.05). The bicycle ergometry protocol performed in 23 patients separated ten adolescents with normal basal and exercise blood pressure from 13 with high BP also during ergometry. In the latter group, NPY rose to 11.9 +/- 7.3 pmol/l and NA to 12.3 +/- 8.6 nmol/l during exercise. Treatment of the hypertensive patients with the beta-adrenergic blocker atenolol (50 mg per day) lowered basal and exercise BP. Heart rate fell during atenolol treatment from 92 +/- 19 to 72 +/- 15 beats/min. Treatment did not alter plasma concentrations under basal conditions and during exercise (NPY from 2.8 +/- 2.1 to 11.7 +/- 5.3 pmol/l and NA from 2.0 +/- 0.8 to 15.6 +/- 14.1 nmol/l).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cardiac stress testing with thallium-201 imaging reveals silent ischemia in individuals with paraplegia.

The purpose of this study was to determine through noninvasive arm ergometry and radionuclide tomographic imaging the presence of latent coronary heart disease (CHD) in subjects with paraplegia. Assessment of CHD in spinal cord injury, using these methods, has not been addressed previously. Twenty asymptomatic subjects with paraplegia performed arm ergometry exercise stress testing with thallium-201 single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) or planar myocardial imaging studies. All subjects had normal resting electrocardiograms (ECG). Only five subjects had ECG evidence of ischemia on exercise testing, whereas 13 subjects, including the five subjects with ECG positive stress tests, had scintigraphic evidence of ischemia. Thus, eight subjects would have been undiagnosed for CHD without thallium-201 SPECT imaging. These individuals had multiple risk factors for CHD and, except for age, were without a statistically significant difference between the groups with positive or negative thallium stress imaging studies. Arm ergometry stress thallium imaging shows a high prevalence of ischemia in subjects with paraplegia.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intraindividual comparison of three stress tests during the early postinfarction period in stable patients with thrombolysis.

The intention of the study was to intraindividually compare the ischemic yield of three stress tests early after acute myocardial infarction. At a large community hospital 107 stable patients who survived acute transmural myocardial infarction after thrombolytic therapy followed by an individual optimized medical treatment, were prospectively investigated by three noninvasive stress tests. All patients received bicycle ergometry, 99mTc perfusion scintigraphy and stress-echocardiography within three weeks after the acute event. Each patient underwent diagnostic cardiac catheterization for determination of angiographic data. 99mTc perfusion scintigraphy had the highest rate of positive test results (61%), as compared to bicycle ergometry (32%), stress echocardiography (34%) and stress induced angina in any of the stress tests performed (40%). In 79% of the patients studied, at least one of four ischemic parameters was positive. The combination of bicycle ergometry, stress induced angina and 99mTc perfusion scintigraphy detected myocardial ischemia in 78% of the patients studied. Concordance of at least three positive parameters was seen in only 27%. Intraindividual comparison between positive and negative test results was inconclusive. Only stress-echocardiography versus stress-induced angina showed a moderate agreement (kappa = 0.44). Stress-induced angina was the only ischemic parameter which corresponded to the grade of the residual stenosis of the infarct related coronary artery (p < 0.01) and reduced left ventricular function (p < 0.005). These findings show, that concordance of three common stress tests in detecting myocardial ischemia anywhere in patients after acute transmural myocardial infarction and thrombolytic therapy is poor. Stress-echocardiography and stress inducible angina show a moderate agreement. Follow-up studies of these patients are currently performed to clarify prognostic significance and therapeutic consequences of positive test results in these patients.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1996

Postinfarction stress testing and one year outcome of stable patients after myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytics.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the predictive power of early postinfarction stress testing in survivors of uncomplicated MI treated with thrombolytics. METHODS: The study population consisted of 102 consecutive, thrombolyzed survivors (56 +/- 11 years) of acute, transmural myocardial infarction with uncomplicated postinfarction course. All patients were clinically stable in the postinfarction period and underwent cycle ergometry, 99mTc perfusion scintigraphy and dobutamine stress-echocardiography within three weeks after the acute event. Coronary angiography was used to determine the extent of CAD, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), TIMI grade and residual stenosis of the infarct-related coronary artery. A follow up questionnaire was performed one year after hospital discharge to determine the relation to the occurrence of cardiac events (unstable angina, reinfarction, PTCA, bypass surgery and death). RESULTS: 30 patients developed 34 cardiac events. Four patients died. Two thirds of the 'cardiac events' in the year of follow-up were revascularization procedures mostly selected by evidence of ischemia on 99mTc perfusion scintigraphy and/or stress-echocardiography. These two methods were significantly associated with the development of new cardiac events (stress-echocardiography: p < 0.01; 99mTc perfusion scintigraphy: p < 0.006). Parameters of bicycle ergometry and variables of coronary angiography were not related to an increased risk of future cardiac events. The number of 'hard cardiac events'--death or nonfatal AMI--was too small (8%) in these patients who are able to exercise to make statistical comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: The study underlines the necessity of early noninvasive risk assessment to identify patients at a greater risk among survivors of uncomplicated AMI treated with thrombolytics who are clinically stable in the early postinfarction period. PTCA and coronary bypass surgery is performed in one third of these patients selected mostly by evidence of ischemia on 99mTc perfusion scintigraphy and/or stress-echocardiography. Results of bicycle ergometry are of limited value in these patients within the first year after acute myocardial infarction.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1998

The anaerobic threshold in cystic fibrosis: comparison of V-slope method, lactate turn points, and Conconi test.

Physical exercise can improve sputum clearance in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). To set up individual training protocols it is desirable to know the anaerobic threshold (AT). Established methods such as blood lactate measurements and ergometry can only be performed in specialized centers. Conconi showed that the heart rate threshold (HRT), i.e., the deflection point from the linear relationship between work load and heart rate, correlated significantly with the AT in healthy adults. To assess the reliability of the HRT in CF, we performed ergometry in 32 CF patients (mean age, 21.0 +/- 5.5 years; mean Shwachman score, 77.8 +/- 12.0) according to the Conconi protocol. The HRT was compared with the aerobic threshold (AeT) as determined by the V-slope method and with two turn points in the lactate performance curve (LTP1, LTP2). An HRT could be obtained in only 17 of the 32 patients (53%). In these 17 patients there was a significant correlation between HRT and the other thresholds, but the absolute values for the AT differed considerably: The mean HRT was 132% higher than the AeT according to Beaver, 107% higher than LTP1, and 19% higher than LTP2. Exercise protocols that rely solely on the HRT in CF will lead to excessive exertion during exercise training programs in these patients. According to these results the HRT of Conconi is not a suitable method to determine appropriate exercise levels in CF training programs and might even be harmful in CF patients. These results also indicate the need to test the reliability of a diagnostic procedure that has been developed only for healthy people.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Short-term reproducibility of cardiopulmonary measurements during exercise testing in patients with severe chronic heart failure.

Eleven men with severe chronic heart failure (peak cardiac index 4.0 +/- 0.2 L/m2/min), six on a heart transplantation waiting list, were prospectively assessed. To determine reproducibility of cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic variables for clinical purposes during ramp bicycle ergometry, the patients underwent two ramp bicycle ergometer tests (3 minutes unloaded, work rate increments of 12.5 W/min) with a 1-week interval between tests. Oxygen uptake (VO2) carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and ventilation were measured breath by breath, and calculations were performed to determine gas exchange ratio, oxygen pulse, ventilatory equivalents of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and end-tidal partial pressure for oxygen and carbon dioxide. Additionally, heart rate, blood pressure, and lactate levels were assessed. Measurements were performed at submaximum work rate levels of 25 W, 50 W, and 75 W at ventilatory threshold and at peak work rate. At all measurement points, the coefficient of variation for cardiopulmonary variables was between 1.4% and 7.1% for submaximum work rate levels, between 1.2% and 4.4% at ventilatory threshold, and between 2.4% and 7.1% at peak work rate. For heart rate, blood pressure, and lactate levels, coefficient of variation was between 2.7% and 5.7% for submaximum work rate levels, between 1.4% and 6.1% at ventilatory threshold, and between 1.2% and 5.5% at peak work rate. The data suggest high reproducibility for duplicate measurements of cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic variables during ramp bicycle ergometry in patients with severe chronic heart failure. The results may be used to determine whether any variable in a single patient is significantly different from that obtained in a previous exercise test or if the change is within experimental error.

Anaerobic Threshold↗
PubMed1998

A placebo controlled investigation of the effects of tryptophan or placebo on subjective and objective measures of fatigue.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of L-tryptophan administration on subjective and objective measures of fatigue in healthy volunteers. SUBJECTS: Six healthy volunteers (4M:2F) were recruited from staff and students at the College. SETTING: Department of Human Nutrition, St. Bartholomews and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry. DESIGN: Subjects were tested for central and peripheral fatigue using a visual analogue scale, flicker fusion frequency, grip strength, reaction time and wrist ergometry. In addition, plasma free tryptophan concentrations and Trp:LNAA ratio were determined. Measurements were made before, and at 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after drinking one of two test drinks. The drinks were of either caffeine free diet Coca-Cola (placebo) or caffeine free diet Coca-Cola plus L-tryptophan (30 mg/kg: active drink). Each of the six subjects was tested after placebo and active drink with a one week washout period between test days. RESULTS: Subjective fatigue was significantly increased following tryptophan compared to placebo (P < 0.002), and objective measures of central fatigue were significantly increased by tryptophan compared to placebo (flicker fusion frequency: P < 0.001; reaction time P < 0.001). No significant changes in grip strength were found following tryptophan compared to placebo, but a significant increase in ergometric work output was seen (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Tryptophan ingestion in the quantity 30 mg/kg leads to increased subjective and central fatigue. Increases in work output observed following tryptophan may be as a result of a reduced perception of discomfort during ergometry.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Influence of upper- and lower-limb exercise training on cardiovascular function and walking distances in patients with intermittent claudication.

PURPOSE: The effects of upper-limb (arm cranking) and lower-limb (leg cranking) exercise training on walking distances in patients with intermittent claudication was assessed. METHODS: Sixty-seven patients (33 to 82 years old) with moderate to severe intermittent claudication were recruited, and the maximum power generated during incremental upper- and lower-limb ergometry tests was determined, as were pain-free and maximum walking distances (by using a shuttle walk test). Patients were randomly assigned to an upper-limb training group (n = 26) or a lower-limb training group (n = 26). An additional untrained group (n = 15) was recruited on an ad hoc basis in parallel with the main trial by using identical inclusion criteria. This group was subsequently shown to possess a similar demographic distribution to the two exercise groups. Supervised training sessions were held twice weekly for 6 weeks. RESULTS: Both training programs significantly improved the maximum power generated during the incremental upper- and lower-limb ergometry tests (P <. 001), which may reflect an increase in central cardiovascular function that was independent of the training mode. More importantly, pain-free and maximum walking distances also improved in both training groups (P <.001). The improvements in the training groups were similar; there were no changes in the untrained control group. These findings suggest that the symptomatic improvement after upper-limb exercise training may result, in part, from systemic cardiovascular effects rather than localized metabolic or hemodynamic changes. CONCLUSION: Carefully prescribed upper-limb exercise training can evoke a rapid symptomatic improvement in patients with claudication, while avoiding the physical discomfort experienced when performing lower-limb weight-bearing exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Relationship between laboratory-measured variables and heart rate during an ultra-endurance triathlon.

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the performance heart rate during an ultra-endurance triathlon and the heart rate corresponding to several demarcation points measured during laboratory-based progressive cycle ergometry and treadmill running. Less than one month before an ultra-endurance triathlon, 21 well-trained ultra-endurance triathletes (mean +/- s: age 35 +/- 6 years, height 1.77 +/- 0.05 m, mass 74.0 +/- 6.9 kg, = 4.75 +/- 0.42 l x min(-1)) performed progressive exercise tests of cycle ergometry and treadmill running for the determination of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), heart rate corresponding to the first and second ventilatory thresholds, as well as the heart rate deflection point. Portable telemetry units recorded heart rate at 60 s increments throughout the ultra-endurance triathlon. Heart rate during the cycle and run phases of the ultra-endurance triathlon (148 +/- 9 and 143 +/- 13 beats x min(-1) respectively) were significantly (P < 0.05) less than the second ventilatory thresholds (160 +/- 13 and 165 +/- 14 beats x min(-1) respectively) and heart rate deflection points (170 +/- 13 and 179 +/- 9 beats x min(-1) respectively). However, mean heart rate during the cycle and run phases of the ultra-endurance triathlon were significantly related to (r = 0.76 and 0.66; P < 0.01), and not significantly different from, the first ventilatory thresholds (146 +/- 12 and 148 +/- 15 beats x min(-1) respectively). Furthermore, the difference between heart rate during the cycle phase of the ultra-endurance triathlon and heart rate at the first ventilatory threshold was related to marathon run time (r = 0.61; P < 0.01) and overall ultra-endurance triathlon time (r = 0.45; P < 0.05). The results suggest that triathletes perform the cycle and run phases of the ultra-endurance triathlon at an exercise intensity near their first ventilatory threshold.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Arm and leg power output in swimmers during simulated swimming.

PURPOSE: Previously, it has not been possible to compare power output of the arms and legs during simulated swimming using dry-land ergometry. The purpose of this study was to determine arm-pulling and leg-kicking power using isokinetic dry-land ergometry. METHODS: Twenty-two highly trained male swimmers of mean (+/- SD) age, 23 +/- 3.6 yr; body mass, 78 +/- 5.9 kg; and stature, 1.79 +/- 0.04 m were recruited to the study. First, subjects performed 10 s of all-out exercise at each of five resistance settings, with 1 h rest in between, to determine the best maximal pull velocity (MPVopt). Second, they performed an all-out 30-s test at MPVopt, which was repeated the following day. These repeated 30-s tests were performed separately using simulated front-crawl arm-pulling and leg-kicking, on a computer-interfaced swim bench and purpose-built leg-kicking ergometer. Peak and mean power output (PPO; MPO) were determined from regression analysis of the power vs time relationship. RESULTS: The mean (+/- SEM) PPO for arms and legs were 304 +/- 22 W versus 435 +/- 36 W. For MPO, the means were 225 +/- 31 W vs 312 +/- 26 W, respectively. These values were attained at mean MPVopt of 2.5 +/- 0.2 m x s(-l) for arms and 2.3 +/- 0.4 m x s(-1) for legs. The variation in PPO from repeated testing was 7.3% for arms and 8.3% for legs. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the legs can sustain greater power output than the arms during simulated swimming. Also, the intra-subject variation in measurement of power output is small using these dry-land ergometers. These methods of assessment might be useful in explaining swimming performance and in monitoring changes that take place during training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

An analysis of the pacing strategy adopted by elite competitors in 2000 m rowing.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the pacing strategies adopted by elite rowers in championship 2000 m races. METHODS: Split times were obtained for each boat in every heavyweight race of the Olympic Games in 2000 and World Championships in 2001 and 2002, and the top 170 competitors in the British Indoor Rowing Championships in 2001 and 2002. Data were only included in subsequent analysis if there was good evidence that the athlete or crew completed the race in the fastest possible time. The remaining data were grouped to determine if there were different strategies adopted for on-water versus ergometer trials, "winners" versus "losers", and men versus women. RESULTS: Of the 1612 on-water race profiles considered, 948 fitted the inclusion criteria. There were no differences in pacing profile between winners and losers, and men and women, although on-water and ergometry trials showed a competitively meaningful significant difference over the first 500 m sector. The average profile showed that rowers performed the first 500 m of the race faster than subsequent sectors-that is, at a speed of 103.3% of the average speed for the whole race, with subsequent sectors rowed at 99.0%, 98.3%, and 99.7% of average speed for on-water rowing, and 101.5%, 99.8%, 99.0%, and 99.7% for ergometry. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that all athletes or crews adopted a similar fast start strategy regardless of finishing position or sex, although the exact pace profile was dependent on rowing mode. This strategy should be considered by participants in 2000 m rowing competitions.

Competitive Behavior↗
PubMed2003

The pattern and timing of breathing during incremental exercise: a normative study.

Clinical evaluation of the pattern and timing of breathing during submaximal exercise can be valuable for the identification of the mechanical ventilatory consequences of different disease processes and for assessing the efficacy of certain interventions. Sedentary individuals (60 male/60 female, aged 20-80 yrs) were randomly selected from >8,000 subjects and submitted to ramp incremental cycle ergometry. Tidal volume (VT)/resting inspiratory capacity, respiratory frequency, total respiratory time (Ttot), inspiratory time (TI), expiratory time (TE), duty cycle (TI/Ttot) and mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI) were analysed at selected submaximal ventilatory intensities. Senescence and female sex were associated with a more tachypnoeic breathing pattern during isoventilation. The decline in Ttot was proportional to the TI and TE reductions, i.e. TI/Ttot was remarkably constant across age strata, independent of sex. The pattern, but not timing, of breathing was also influenced by weight and height; a set of demographically and anthropometrically based prediction equations are therefore presented. These data provide a frame of reference for assessing the normality of some clinically useful indices of the pattern and timing of breathing during incremental cycle ergometry in sedentary males and females aged 20-80 yrs.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Feasibility of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with end-stage arthritis of the hip and knee prior to total joint arthroplasty.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Although no studies exist, to our knowledge, that examine the feasibility and safety of stress testing in a consecutive series of patients with severe arthritis, musculoskeletal conditions are often listed as relative contraindications to graded exercise testing. The current study was designed to examine the feasibility of maximal exercise testing in patients with end-stage arthritis prior to total joint arthroplasty. DESIGN: An observational and descriptive study in a consecutive series of patients with severe arthritis. SETTING: This study was conducted in the outpatient clinics and cardiopulmonary exercise physiology laboratory of a rural teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-one patients with severe osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis were recruited from the orthopedic surgical service immediately before total joint arthroplasty of the hip, knee, or both. A reference group of 23 nonarthritic control patients were recruited from the general medical population of the same hospital and subjected to measures of arthritis severity. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The severity of arthritis was graded by assessment of variables reflective of subjective symptoms, lifestyle impact, joint deformity, and radiographic abnormality. Arthritic subjects underwent a single graded, maximal, symptom-limited, cardiopulmonary exercise test using an electronically braked ergometer and a metabolic cart. Subjects were first asked to pedal with their legs; those apparently incapable performed the same task using their arms. Ninety-five percent of subjects who presented for an exercise test were capable of symptom-limited exercise. Of 29 patients evaluated before hip replacement, 66% completed leg tests, 31% completed arm tests, and 3% were incapable of symptom-limited exercise. Of 30 patients evaluated before knee replacement, 57% completed leg tests and 37% completed arm tests, while 7% were incapable of symptom-limited exercise. Two patients were evaluated before hip and knee surgery; one completed a leg study and one completed an arm study. Among the 37 subjects completing leg tests, a mean percentage of age-predicted maximum heart rate (APMHR) of 92 +/- 11% and a mean respiratory exchange ratio (RER) of 1.15 +/- 0.13 were noted. Among the 21 completing arm tests, a mean percentage of APMHR of 87 +/- 11% and a mean RER of 1.10 +/- 0.10 were observed. High rates of achievement of physiologic values indicative of maximal exercise (80% or more of APMHR and RER > or = 1.0) were noted in individuals in both exercise groups. Similar findings were noted regardless of the patient's subjective symptomatic limitation to exercise and the presence or absence of documented or suspected coronary heart disease. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with severe arthritis are capable of maximal, symptom-limited exercise using ergometry methods. Ergometry stress testing may be a viable, low-cost alternative to dipyramidole-thallium testing or cardiac catheterization in some patients with arthritis warranting objective assessment of known or suspected cardiac disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The effects of three modalities on delayed onset muscle soreness.

Delayed onset muscle soreness is a common problem that can interfere with rehabilitation as well as activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of therapeutic massage, upper body ergometry, or microcurrent electrical stimulation on muscle soreness and force deficits evident following a high-intensity eccentric exercise bout. Forty untrained, volunteer female subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups or to a control group. Exercise consisted of high-intensity eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors. Resistance was reduced as subjects fatigued, until they reached exhaustion. Soreness rating was determined using a visual analog scale. Force deficits were determined by measures of maximal voluntary isometric contraction at 90 degrees of elbow flexion and peak torque for elbow flexion at 60 degrees/sec on a Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction and peak torque were determined at the 0 hour (before exercise) and again at 24 and 48 hours postexercise. Treatments were applied immediately following exercise and again at 24 hours after exercise. The control group subjects rested following their exercise bout. Statistical analysis showed significant increases in soreness rating and significant decreases in force generated when the 0 hour was compared with 24- and 48-hour measures. Further analysis indicated no statistically significant differences between massage, microcurrent electrical stimulation, upper body ergometry, and control groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Maximal aerobic power in cerebral palsied wheelchair athletes: validity and reliability.

This study examined the validity and reliability of maximal aerobic power (VO2max) during wheelchair ergometry (WE) in wheelchair athletes with cerebral palsy. Six class 3 and class 4 male athletes with cerebral palsy completed two graded exercise tests to volitional fatigue on a wheelchair ergometer mounted on frictionless rollers. Four athletes were also able to complete two tests of bicycle ergometry (BE). Although the reliability coefficients for the VO2max during the two exercise modes were high (.89 and .93 for the WE and BE tests, respectively), the validity coefficients for this variable (ie, the correlations between WE and BE) were poor (.31 and -.24 for trials 1 and 2, respectively). Examination of the individual data indicated that athletes who used wheelchairs as their primary mode of ambulation had higher VO2max values during WE; whereas, those who used canes or no aids for daily ambulation had higher values on BE. Because of the specificity of the, VO2max response, it is recommended that the primary mode of ambulation be considered when deciding on the testing mode for evaluating the cardiorespiratory fitness of athletes with cerebral palsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of the blood pressure lowering effect of bopindolol (Sandonorm) in patients with mild and moderate hypertension].

The effect of a once a day dose one or one and a half mg bopindolol on mild to moderate hypertensive patients was studied. During the treatment the changes in blood pressure, heart rate, serum triglyceride, cholesterin, HDL cholesterin were examined. The drug was given as monotherapy to 9 previously untreated patients with a mean blood pressure of 163/102 mm Hg. 12 patients, who had received a combination therapy including beta-blocking agents, were treated with bopindolol instead of the previously taken beta-blockers. The initial mean blood pressure of this group was 140/80 mm Hg. The patients' age was between 35 and 72. The observation period was 12 months. The cardiac performance was examined by bicycle ergometry. On the base of the results the authors think that bopindolol is effective in blood pressure lowering both in mono- and combination therapy, and it doesn't increase the level of blood lipids. No side-effects were observed. The results of the bicycle ergometry indicated better cardiac performance. Because of its long duration of action it is important to emphasize that bopindolol in a once a day dose of one or one and a half mg is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertensive patients.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of different physical loads on the central and cerebral hemodynamics of patients with a history of stroke].

Seventy-eight postapoplectic patients were examined in comparison with healthy subjects. During exercise tests (foot and hand bicycle ergometry, wrist ergometry) registration was performed of central and cerebral hemodynamics. Three types of hemodynamic responses to various exercise tolerance tests were recognized which should be taken into consideration when assigning kinesitherapy to postapoplectic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Physical measures of recovery from anorexia nervosa during hospitalised re-feeding.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between weight gain, changes in body composition and physiological characteristics of fitness during the recovery from anorexia nervosa. DESIGN: Longitudinal over eight weeks of intensive inpatient re-feeding (Wk 0-8). SETTING: The London Hospital Medical College. SUBJECTS: Ten female patients who agreed to participate. Seven completed the protocol. INTERVENTIONS: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (dexa) and skinfold thickness measures at Wk 0 and 8. Weekly measures of peak expiratory flow rate and cycle ergometry (several variables relating to aerobic work recorded at rest and during cycling at low loads (0-60 W)). Blood samples for lactate and potassium measures, taken during cycling at Wk 0, 4 and 8 only. RESULTS: (1) Body composition: Mean weight gain over eight weeks was 9.6 kg, dexa and skinfold measures showing fat gain to contribute 62% and 54%, respectively. Both methods showed significant changes in percentage body fat with refeeding (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively), however there were significant differences in results between methods before (P < 0.01) but not after (P = 0.2) refeeding. (2) Physiological function: Between weeks 0 and 8, mean peak expiratory flow rate rose to 85% of predicted values, cycle ergometry performance improved in six subjects (three never reached 60 W load), mean respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during cycling fell at 0 W and 20 W loads (both P < 0.05), and oxygen pulse increased at rest and 0 W load cycling (both P < 0.05), Wk 8 values being well below normal. Oxygen uptake at rest and all loads increased in line with body weight gain only. No significant changes were seen in heart rate or blood lactate and potassium levels. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Lean body and fat mass increased significantly during eight weeks of refeeding. The methodological difference in initial body fat measurements requires further investigation. (2) The women had severely impaired physiological function. Variables studied were only slowly improving with refeeding, and work capacity was still well below normal.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗