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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Seroepidemiologic survey of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats of Wake County, North Carolina.

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) antibodies were detected in 9 of 123 (7.3%) cats. More clinically ill cats had titers to FIV than did healthy cats (15% vs 3.6%). Previous or current illnesses in these FIV-positive cats included urinary bladder disease, anemia, cat-bite abscesses, bacterial infections, bleeding disorders, diabetes mellitus, and chronic respiratory tract disease. All FIV-positive cats were males, with mean age of 6.0 years (range, 1 to 11 years). Half (n = 3) of the clinically ill FIV-positive cats were concurrently seropositive for FeLV antigen. Three of the ill cats were euthanatized or died 1 month after initially testing, whereas the remaining 3 ill cats and the 3 healthy FIV-positive cats were healthy 1 year after initial testing. Antibody titer to FIV persisted in 4 of 5 cats, but serotest results were equivocal in 1 cat evaluated 1 year later.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Relation of endogenous Heinz bodies to disease and anemia in cats: 120 cases (1978-1987).

Disease diagnosis, age, sex, and selected hematologic variables were evaluated retrospectively in a population of feline patients with high number of circulating Heinz bodies. By comparing these cats with a control population and results of additional hematologic investigation on a subsample of the cats, we tested the hypotheses that endogenous Heinz body formation is increased in specific disease states and that endogenous Heinz bodies may contribute to anemia. There was strong correlation between diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, and lymphoma and Heinz body formation. Diabetic cats, in particular, consistently had marked Heinz body formation. These diseases together accounted for nearly 40% of cats with Heinz body formation, but for less than 12% of cats of the control group. The PCV of cats with Heinz bodies (29.77 +/- 9.32%) was significantly (P less than 0.001) lower than that of control cats (35.33 +/- 8.08%). Polychromasia and punctate reticulocyte number were slightly increased in cats with Heinz body formation and correlated significantly (P less than 0.001) with PCV. A subsample of 13 of the cats had significant (P less than 0.006) inverse correlation between Heinz body percentage and erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration. Mean GSH concentration was significantly lower in cats with Heinz bodies, compared with that in a random cat population (5.28 +/- 1.67 mumol/g of hemoglobin vs 7.06 +/- 2.10 mumol/g of hemoglobin), in which GSH values followed normal distribution. Cats with Heinz body formation were older, and were more likely to be spayed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Echocardiographic findings in 103 cats with hyperthyroidism.

Using M-mode echocardiography, cardiac abnormalities were studied in 103 cats with untreated hyperthyroidism. In addition, follow-up echocardiography was performed on 24 of these cats to assess the long-term (4 to 21 months) effect of treatment (thyroidectomy or radioiodine) on thyrotoxic cardiac disease. The most common echocardiographic abnormality in the 103 untreated hyperthyroid cats was hypertrophy of the left ventricular caudal wall (71.9%). Hypertrophy of the interventricular septum also was documented in 39.8% of the 103 cats. Other abnormalities included high values for left atrial diameter (70.0%), aortic root diameter (18.5%), and left ventricular diameter at end diastole (45.6%). In some of these cats, indices of contractility were enhanced; in 21.4% and 14.6% of the cats, values for shortening fraction and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, respectively, were greater than those values measured in clinically normal cats. After treatment of the hyperthyroidism, left ventricular hypertrophy resolved or improved in many of the cats, as indicated by decreases in left ventricular caudal wall and interventricular septum thicknesses. Hyperdynamic wall motion resolved in all cats after treatment, as evidenced by consistent decreases in shortening fraction and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening. Despite these improvements, some cats had one or more persistently abnormal echocardiographic values after treatment. These results suggested that in cats, hyperthyroidism commonly is associated with largely reversible cardiomyopathy. In those cats in which cardiomyopathy persists or worsens after treatment, underlying primary cardiomyopathy or thyroid hormone-induced cardiac structural damage may exist.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Susceptibility of cats to infection with Ehrlichia risticii, causative agent of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis.

Eight adult cats were inoculated IV (n = 6) or SC (n = 2) with Ehrlichia risticii-infected P388D1 (continuous murine macrophage) cells or with E risticii released from P388D1 cells. Three additional cats were inoculated with organism-free P388D1 cultured monocytes, and 1 cat, which served as a medium control was inoculated with balanced salt solution. Clinical signs of illness were observed in the IV inoculated cats from which E risticii was isolated. One cat developed intermittent diarrhea between postinoculation days (PID) 8 and 18, and the other cat developed lymphadenopathy, acute depression, and anorexia between PID 20 and 24. Ehrlichia risticii was isolated in cultures from 2 of 6 IV inoculated cats on PID 6, 10, and 17. Both cats were inoculated with E risticii released from the P388D1 cells. Ehrlichia risticii was not isolated from SC inoculated cats or from control cats. All 8 cats inoculated with E risticii seroconverted between PID 10 and 23. A pony inoculated with E risticii isolated from 1 of the inoculated cats developed clinical signs of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis including fever, anorexia, depression, and mild colic. Ehrlichia risticii was isolated from the blood of this pony on PID 7, 9, 11, and 16.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Small intestinal adenocarcinoma in cats: 32 cases (1978-1985).

The medical records of 32 cats with small intestinal adenocarcinoma were reviewed. Common clinical signs included vomiting, dehydration, weight loss, cachexia, anorexia, and lethargy. In 50% of the cats, an abdominal mass was palpated, and in 38%, a mass was seen on radiographs. Biopsy of the tumor without resection was performed in 9 cats; 8 cats were euthanatized at the time of surgery, 7 because of metastases, and 1 cat died 1 day after surgery. In 23 cats, resection was performed. Eleven of these died within 2 weeks after surgery (mean survival time, 2.6 days); 8 had lymph node metastasis. Twelve cats survived greater than 2 weeks after surgery. The mean survival of 11 of these cats was 15 months. Six cats were euthanatized because of recurrent signs; 5 of the 6 had a recurrent abdominal mass. One cat was alive 2 years after surgery. Results of this study indicated that cats with adenocarcinoma, even those cats with advanced disease, can have long-term survival after surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Serum thyroxine concentrations after radioactive iodine therapy in cats with hyperthyroidism.

Thirty-one cats with hyperthyroidism were given one dose of radioactive iodine (131I) IV. Serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations were measured before treatment in all cats, at 12-hour intervals after treatment in 10 cats, and at 48-hour intervals after treatment in 21 cats. Serum T4 concentrations also were measured one month after 131I therapy in 29 cats. Activity of 131I administered was 1.5 to 6.13 mCi, resulting in a dose of 20,000 rads to the thyroid. Serum T4 concentrations before 131I administration were 5.3 to 51.0 micrograms/dl, with a median T4 concentration of 11.0 micrograms/dl. Serum T4 decreased most rapidly during the first 3 to 6 days after treatment. Sixteen cats (55%) had normal serum thyroxine concentrations by day 4 after 131I administration, and 23 cats (74%) were euthyroxinemic by day 8 after treatment. One month after administration of 131I, the 29 cats evaluated were clinically improved, and 24 (83%) of the 29 cats evaluated had normal serum T4 concentrations, 3 cats (10%) remained hyperthyroxinemic, and 2 cats (7%) were hypothyroxinemic. Therefore, administration of 131I was a safe and effective method to quickly decrease serum T4 concentrations in hyperthyroid cats.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of heterologous antineutrophil antibody in the cat.

Rabbit anti-cat neutrophil serum was injected intraperitoneally into cats to study its effects on blood neutrophil numbers, on development of neutrophils in bone marrow, and on the fate of circulating and developing neutrophils. There was a significant difference (P less than 0.05) in curves of blood neutrophil numbers between antineutrophil serum (ANS)- and normal rabbit serum (NRS)-injected cats; neutrophil counts tended to decrease in ANS-injected cats, whereas a transient increase in counts occurred in NRS-injected cats. Significant left shifts (P less than 0.05) were present in ANS-injected cats, but absent in NRS-injected cats. Toxic morphologic changes were noted in blood neutrophils in all ANS-injected cats. Significant bone marrow changes (P less than 0.05) occurred in ANS-injected cats, but were absent in NRS-injected cats. Myelocyte percentages of the granulocyte marrow population increased during the time that segmented neutrophil percentages decreased. In ANS-injected cats, the percentage of cells in the mitotic pool (myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes) significantly increased (P less than 0.05), with a corresponding significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in the postmitotic pool (metamyelocytes, bands, segmented neutrophils). Aspirated bone marrow smears (Wright's stain) revealed marrow macrophages containing phagocytized neutrophil bands and segmented neutrophils. Sections of liver obtained after cats were necropsied revealed neutrophil phagocytosis by Kupffer's cells, but neutrophil phagocytosis was not demonstrated in other tissues examined.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1984

Hypertropic cardiomyopathy and hyperthyroidism in the cat.

In a 21/2-year period, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was found at necropsy of 23 cats that died (13 cats) or were euthanatized (10) because of problems associated with hyperthyroidism. Of these, 4 (17%) also had evidence of cardiac failure (pulmonary edema or pleural effusion). The mean body weight of the cats with hyperthyroidism and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was significantly less (P less than 0.001) than that of clinically normal cats and cats with primary cardiomyopathy (congestive or restrictive) or excessive moderator band cardiomyopathy. In addition, the ratio of heart weight to body weight was significantly greater (P less than 0.001) in the 23 hyperthyroid cats than in the normal cats and cats with primary cardiomyopathy. Twenty (87%) of the cats had symmetric hypertrophy of the ventricular septum and left ventricular free wall, whereas the remaining 3 cats had disproportionate thickening of the ventricular septum, compared with the free wall, similar to what is found in cats with asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Histologic cardiac abnormalities included large, hyperchromatic nuclei, interstitial fibrosis, endocardial fibroplasia, fibrosis of the atrioventricular node, and marked disorganization of cardiac muscle cells. The study showed that hypertrophic cardiomyopathy develops in most hyperthyroid cats, some of which also develop congestive heart failure. Although the signs of heart disease in primary myocardial disease and thyrotoxic disease are similar, the characteristic signalment and clinical signs of hyperthyroidism should lead one to suspect the association of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with the hyperthyroidism.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Prospective randomized comparison of intravenous versus subcutaneous administration of radioiodine for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats.

One hundred twenty cats with hyperthyroidism were treated with radioiodine (131I); 60 cats were administered radioiodine SC, and 60 cats were administered radioiodine IV. Before treatment, radioactive tracer studies were performed on each cat to determine peak radioactive iodine uptake and effective half-life. These data were used to calculate the dose of radioiodine that would have to be given to each cat to deliver 150 Gy to the thyroid tissue. The 2 groups of cats were similar with regard to age, tracer study results, and radioiodine dose. Mean estimated thyroid mass was larger for cats treated IV, but mean serum thyroxine concentration was higher for cats treated SC. Route of administration did not affect thyroidal uptake of radioiodine. However, radiation exposure of personnel was significantly lower with SC administration than with IV administration, even when IV catheterization was performed Eighty-five percent of cats treated IV and 84% of cats treated SC were euthyroid 4 years after treatment. Six percent of the cats became hypothyroid after treatment. When compared with IV administration, SC administration of radioiodine appeared to be as effective for treatment of hyperthyroidism, safer to personnel, and less stressful to the cats.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Relationship between inflammatory hepatic disease and inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and nephritis in cats.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cats with inflammatory hepatic disease had concurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), pancreatitis, or chronic interstitial nephritis. DESIGN: Prospective case series. SAMPLE POPULATION: 78 tissue sections of liver, intestine, pancreas, and kidney from cats that had previous necropsy examinations at the teaching hospital. PROCEDURE: We reviewed histologic sections of liver, intestine, pancreas, and kidney from cats that had previous necropsy examinations and determined the prevalence of lymphocytic portal hepatitis, cholangiohepatitis, IBD, pancreatitis, and chronic interstitial nephritis, and the relationship among them. RESULTS: 36 cats had lymphocytic portal hepatitis, 18 had cholangiohepatitis, and 24 did not have inflammatory hepatic disease. The prevalence of IBD (10/36; 28%) and pancreatitis (5/36; 14%) in cats with lymphocytic portal hepatitis was not significantly different from cats without inflammatory hepatic disease. The prevalence of IBD (15/18; 83%) and pancreatitis (9/18; 50%) was greater (P < 0.05) for cats with cholangiohepatitis, compared with cats without inflammatory hepatic disease. Thirty-nine percent of cats (7/18) with cholangiohepatitis had IBD and pancreatitis. Evidence of IBD in association with cholangiohepatitis was characterized by infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells into the lamina propria; however, neutrophilic infiltrates also were found in 6 of 15 (40%) cats with cholangiohepatitis. Pancreatitis was mild in all cats. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Cats with a diagnosis of cholangiohepatitis should be evaluated for IBD and pancreatitis.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1997

Nonlymphoid vertebral canal tumors in cats: 11 cases (1987-1995).

OBJECTIVE: To determine outcome of cats with nonlymphoid tumors of the vertebral canal that undergo surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 11 cats. PROCEDURE: Information obtained from the medical records included signalment, tumor location, gross evaluation of completeness of surgical excision, histologic diagnosis, and survival time. RESULTS: Median age of cats was 12 years: all cats had negative FeLV and feline immunodeficiency virus test results. All cats underwent a hemilaminectomy or dorsal laminectomy. The tumor was located in the thoracic portion of the vertebral column in 6 cats. Six cats had intradural-extramedullary tumors. Tumors included meningioma (n = 5), malignant nerve sheath tumors (2), and meningeal sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, lipoma, and osteosarcoma (1 each). One cat was lost to follow-up, 1 cat with meningioma was alive 1,400 days after surgery, and 1 cat with a nerve sheath tumor was alive 2,190 days after surgery. Median survival time for the other 4 cats with meningioma was 180 days (range, 30 to 600 days). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Cats with nonlymphoid vertebral canal tumors that undergo surgery may have a good prognosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Ipodate treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ipodate in the treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats. DESIGN: Prospective case series. ANIMALS: 12 cats with hyperthyroidism treated at The Animal Medical Center between November 1994 and March 1996. PROCEDURE: Each cat initially received 100 mg of ipodate/d, PO. The drug's effects on clinical signs, body weight, heart rate, and serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine concentrations were evaluated 2, 4, 6, 10, and 14 weeks after initiation of treatment. A CBC and serum biochemical analyses were performed at each evaluation to monitor potential adverse effects of the drug. Dosage of ipodate was increased to 150 mg/d and then to 200 mg/d at 2-week intervals if a good clinical response was not observed. RESULTS: 8 cats responded to treatment and 4 did not. Among cats that responded, mean body weight increased and mean heart rate and serum T3 concentration decreased during the study period. Among cats that did not respond, mean body weight decreased and mean heart rate and serum T3 concentration were not significantly changed. Serum thyroxine concentration remained high in all cats. Adverse clinical signs or hematologic abnormalities attributable to ipodate treatment were not reported in any of the cats. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Ipodate may be a feasible alternative to methimazole for medical treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats, particularly those that cannot tolerate methimazole and are not candidates for surgery or radiotherapy. Cats with severe hyperthyroidism are less likely to respond to ipodate than are cats with mild or moderate disease, and cats in which serum T3 concentration does not return to the reference range are unlikely to have an adequate improvement in clinical signs.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of nested polymerase chain reaction, virus isolation, and fluorescent antibody testing for identifying feline herpesvirus in cats with conjunctivitis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), virus isolation (VI), and fluorescent antibody (FA) testing to detect feline herpesvirus (FHV) in cats with naturally acquired conjunctivitis or respiratory tract disease, or both. SAMPLES: Swab and microbrush specimens from the conjunctiva and throat were taken from 46 cats, allotted to 3 groups (conjunctivitis only, respiratory tract disease and conjunctivitis, and clinically normal). PROCEDURE: Cells from microbrush specimens were digested and herpesvirus DNA was amplified, using a double round of PCR. Products were detected by use of agarose gel electrophoresis. The VI and FA tests were performed in routine manner. RESULTS: Of 16 cats with conjunctivitis only, conjunctival specimens from 8 and throat specimens from 8 were FHV positive by PCR. None had positive results of VI or FA testing. Of 15 cats with respiratory tract disease and conjunctivitis, conjunctival specimens from 13 and throat specimens from 12 were FHV positive by PCR. A conjunctival specimen from 1 cat and throat specimens from 3 cats were FHV positive by VI. A conjunctival specimen from 1 cat was FHV positive by FA testing. Of 15 clinically normal cats, conjunctival and throat specimens from 2 cats were FHV positive by PCR; neither conjunctival nor throat specimens from these cats were FHV positive by VI or FA testing. CONCLUSION: For cats with respiratory tract disease and conjunctivitis, or with conjunctivitis only, nested PCR was more sensitive at detecting FHV than was VI or FA testing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nested PCR is a more sensitive test than the currently available VI and FA tests for identifying FHV in cats with conjunctivitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Effects of valacyclovir in cats infected with feline herpesvirus 1.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether orally administered valacyclovir can be used safely and effectively to treat cats with primary, feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) infection. ANIMALS: 14 specific-pathogen-free adult cats. PROCEDURE: Cats were infected with FHV-1 strain 87-727 (300 microliters, 10(7) plaque-forming units/ml) by ocular and nasal inoculations, and were treated every 6 hours with dextrose (controls) or valacyclovir (60 mg/kg of body weight, PO). Virus shedding from both eyes and the oropharynx was monitored every 2 days by virus isolation, and subjective clinical scores were assigned daily for ocular and nasal discharge and conjunctival hyperemia. Urinalysis, CBC, and serum biochemical analysis were done prior to inoculation, and on days 2, 5, 7, 9, and 12 of infection. Differences in CBC and serum biochemical indices between groups were compared, as were differences between preinfection values and maximal postinfection values, rectal temperature, and scores for disease severity. RESULTS: All cats developed acute conjunctivitis and rhinitis typical of FHV-1 infection. Beginning between days 6 and 9, valacyclovir-treated cats became noticeably more lethargic and dehydrated than did cats of the control group. Total WBC and neutrophil counts were significantly lower in cats of the valacyclovir group. The experiment was terminated on day 12 for humane reasons. Histologic changes attributable to FHV-1 infection were similar in all cats. Additional histologic abnormalities seen only in the valacyclovir-treated cats were coagulative necrosis of the renal tubular epithelium, centrilobular atrophy and hepatic necrosis, and severe bone marrow depression. CONCLUSIONS: Cats appear to be uniquely sensitive to the toxic effects of valacyclovir, and even high doses appear not to suppress FHV-1 replication in acutely infected cats. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of valacyclovir is of questionable value in cats with acute FHV-1 infection and, at high doses, the drug may be toxic.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1997

Renal transplants in cats: 66 cases (1987-1996).

OBJECTIVE: To document the morbidity and survival time after renal transplants in cats with end-stage renal failure. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 66 cats that had renal transplants. PROCEDURE: Information regarding signalment, history, diagnostic testing, and postoperative morbidity and mortality was retrieved from medical records of cats with renal failure that had renal transplants at the University of California School of Veterinary Medicine between 1987 and 1996. RESULTS: 47 of 66 (71%) cats that had renal transplants survived until discharge. Nineteen cats died in the perioperative period. Most common causes of death were seizure-related complications (7 cats) and renal pedicle complications (4). One discharged cat was unavailable for follow-up monitoring. Of the 46 cats discharged and available for follow-up monitoring, 28 died. Most common causes of death in these cats were renal complications (9 cats) and death related to immunosuppression (8; mean and median survival times, 15 and 12 months, respectively). Of the 18 cats that were still living at the time this report was written, mean and median survival times were 26 and 22 months, respectively. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Renal transplantation resulted in long-term survival of many cats that would have otherwise died from, or have been euthanatized as a result of, renal failure. Problems with ureteral obstruction can be minimized. Postoperative CNS disorders were the most prevalent complication.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Oral inoculation of cats with tissue cysts of Neospora caninum.

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that cats are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum. ANIMALS: 6 weaned male kittens obtained from 2 sources, and several dozen outbred mice. PROCEDURE: Cats were fed large numbers of 3 strains of N caninum: tissue cysts in buffered saline solution, mouse brain homogenates, and whole carcass homogenates from seropositive mice. Fecal specimens were examined for 4 weeks by use of flotation tests, and bioassays were performed in mice. One cat was inoculated parenterally with tachyzoites, to determine whether cats could respond serologically to N caninum. Tissue cysts from portions of oral inocula were cultured to verify viability. Indirect fluorescent antibody serologic testing, histologic and immunohistologic examinations, cell culture, and polymerase chain reaction procedures were performed 4 to 8 weeks after oral exposure, to seek evidence of infection of cats and mice. RESULTS: None of the cats or mice seroconverted to N caninum, with the exception of the single cat inoculated parenterally. Fecal shedding of oocysts was not observed, except for Isospora felis oocysts that were shed by 2 cats beginning prior to oral challenge exposure. Evidence of infection was not detected in tissues of cats or mice, with the exception of the parenterally inoculated cat. CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis that cats are definitive hosts of N caninum is not supported. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Extermination of cats in efforts to control bovine neosporosis is not warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Indirect blood pressure measurement in cats with diabetes mellitus, chronic nephropathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

In the present study blood pressure was measured in cats comparing two indirect methods (oscillometric versus Doppler-sonographic) over a wide pressure range. It was shown, that at the lower pressures Doppler and oscillometric measurements were basically equivalent. However for higher pressures oscillometric measurements were consistently lower than Doppler measurements. This difference became greater as blood pressure increased. The determination of blood pressure by the Doppler-sonographic method was always possible, whereas the measurement by the oscillometric method was often not possible, especially at higher blood pressure levels. In a second step, the frequency of hypertension was determined in cats with diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eight cats with diabetes mellitus had oszillometric blood pressure values of 101-155 mmHg systolic, 42-105 mmHg diastolic and 65-125 mmHg mean arterial pressure determined at the front leg and 110-167 mmHg systolic, 44-98 mmHg diastolic, and 61-125 mean arterial pressure determined at the tail. The Doppler-sonographic values were 120-180 mmHg. Only the oscillometric measurement (at the tail) of the systolic pressure was significantly higher than that of normal cats. In 11 cats with chronic renal failure the following values were determined by the oszillometric method: at the front leg 137-182 mmHg systolic, 74-138 mmHg diastolic, 100-162 mmHg mean arterial pressure and at the tail 134-189 mmHg systolic, 53-109 mmHg diastolic, 80-135 mmHg mean arterial pressure. With the Doppler-sonographic technique the blood pressure was between 120 and 280 mmHg. All blood pressure measurements were significantly higher than those of healthy cats, except the oscillometric measurements of diastolic blood pressure. In 12 cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy systolic pressure was 108-179 mmHg, diastolic pressure was 64-135 mmHg, and mean arterial pressure was 89-154 mmHg at the front leg using the oscillometric method. At the tail results were as follows: 121-201 mmHg systolic, 61-141 mmHg diastolic, and 85-160 mmHg mean arterial pressure. By the Doppler-sonographic technique determined blood pressure was 110-260 mmHg. All oscillometric measurements except the diastolic pressure determined at the front leg were significantly higher than in normal cats. Four cats with chronic renal failure and five cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy showed retinal hemorrhages and/or detachments. Eight of this nine cats had blood pressure measurements above the normal range. We conclude that hypertension can be detected in cats with several diseases. In most cases reliable measurements can only be obtained by Doppler-sonographic methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Gastrin concentrations in plasma of cats with chronic renal failure.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hypergastrinemia in cats with naturally developing chronic renal failure (CRF) and the correlation between gastrin concentration in plasma and severity of CRF. DESIGN: Cohort study. ANIMALS: 30 cats with naturally developing CRF and 12 clinically normal control cats. PROCEDURE: Gastrin concentrations in plasma were determined by double-antibody radioimmunoassay of blood samples obtained from cats after food was withheld 8 hours. Concentrations were compared, using a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. RESULTS: 18 cats with CRF had high gastrin concentrations (median, 45 pg/ml; range, < 18 to > 1,333 pg/ml), compared with those for control cats (< 18 pg/ml). Prevalence of hypergastrinemia increased with severity of renal insufficiency. Three of 9 cats with mild CRF, 6 of 11 cats with moderate CRF, and 9 of 10 cats with severe CRF had high gastrin concentrations. Gastrin concentrations were significantly different between control cats and cats with CRF, regardless of disease severity. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The potential role of high concentrations of gastrin on gastric hyperacidity, uremic gastritis, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, and associated clinical signs of hypergastrinemia (e.g., anorexia and vomiting) may justify use of histamine2-receptor antagonists or proton pump inhibitors to suppress gastric acid secretion in cats with CRF that have these clinical signs.

Animals↗