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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Regulation of bacterial motility by cyclic nucleotides and effect of biogenic amines.

When assayed by a newly devised, simple and quantitative method, "motilometry", the motility of E. coli S-26 was found stimulated by cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and 8-hydroxy cyclic AMP as well as histamine, catecholamines and inhibited by cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). The stimulation elicited by cyclic AMP or other biogenic amines was reversed by cyclic GMP. The experimental significance and implicaton of these findings are discussed.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of the content of biogenic amines and their precursors by a thin-layer chromatographic method].

A method is developed for a simultaneous determination of the content of biogenic phenyl- and indolalkylamines and their predecessors. The method includes preparation of a homogenate by cutting the animal tissue and its extraction in acidic butanol, purification of butanol from tissue by centrifugation, subsequent conversion of the substances from the alcohol phase to the aqueous one and lyophilization of the latter. Then thin layer chromatography is performed. For obtaining the neutral separating layer the mixture of the microcyrstalline cellulose JIT and silicagel is used. The mixture ethyl acetate--acetic acid--water (5:1.5:1.5) is used as a solvent. The thin layers of cellulose JIT or ecteolo-cellulose with the solvent 0.01-n HC1 and cellulose JIT with the solvent ethyl acetate--acetic acid-water (5:1.5:1.5) may be used, respectively, for determining the content of the reactions final products, when measuring the enzymic activities of DOPA-decarboxylase and 5-oxytryptophan-decarboxylase.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1991

[The level of biogenic amines in bronchi of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

Histamine and serotonin levels were measured in expired air humidity condensate (EAHC), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum of 9 patients with chronic nonobstructive bronchitis and 25 healthy controls. It was found that concentration of biogenic amines depended on the form of chronic bronchitis, activity of bronchial inflammation, characteristics of bronchial obstruction, degree of respiratory insufficiency. EAHC furnished most complete information.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Changes in the concentration of biogenic monoamines in different brain regions under the influence of centrophenoxine (experiments on rats)].

The authors administered 50 mg/body weight of centrophenoxine in white rats i.p. for five susseccive days. The content of serotonine in the cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum increased statistically significant in the rats, injected with centrophenoxine. The levels of noradrenaline and dopamine in the brain stem were raised also significantly. Centrophenoxine did not alter the content of cyclic AMP and the activity of phosphodiesterase in the cerebral cortex and brain stem. These data gave foundation to the authors to suggest that in the mechanism of action of centrophenoxine a significant role is given to the changes, induced by this preparation in the content of biogenic amines in the brain stem.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative data on biogenic amines and GABA in three Rodents Filariae].

Detection and quantification of biogenic amines and GABA were carried out on three adult Filariae Litomosoides carinii, Acantocheilonema viteae and Molinema dessetae obtained from Rodents. Catecholamines were under the level of detection. Indolamines and GABA levels depend on species and sex. Results are discussed in relation to the parasitism and localization in the host.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Biogenic amines and cyclic nucleotides in the laser therapy of long-term nonhealing stomach ulcers].

A study is presented of the effect of copper vapors laser therapy on the content of biogenic amines--serotonin and histamine and the state of adenylcyclase (AC) system (content of cAMP, cGMP and AC activity) at the edge of the gastric ulcer. Direct effect of laser radiation (single dose 10--15 J.) produced a significant increase of serotonin, histamine, cAMP, AC activity and an insignificant increase of cGMP. Healing of the ulcerative defect after 5--6 laser therapy sessions was followed by a reduction of the content of serotonin, increase of histamine, cAMP and AC activity. The authors discuss the biostimulating effect of laser radiation by influencing the inflammatory-proliferative processes in the epitheliocytes in prolonged nonhealing gastric ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Active immunization to exogenous and endogenous antidepressants. The formation of antibodies to biogenic amines and peptide regulators].

The active immunization of rabbits and white rats to antidepressant sydnophen results in the formation of antibodies binding norepinephrine, dophamine, serotonine as well peptide regulatory compounds: substance P, pynorphine, vasopressin and beta-endorphin. The immunization against endogenic antidepressant thyroliberin induces the formation of antibodies to the same biogenic amines and to the gamma-aminobutyric acid, oxytocin and leu encephalin. The data obtained are discussed in connection with some physiological and biochemical changes found earlier during immunization to antidepressants.

Allosteric Regulation↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of hemosorption and ultraviolet irradiation of blood on the blood levels of oligopeptides and biogenic amines in peritonitis].

Hemosorption permits more rapid and significant decrease in blood plasma concentration of oligopeptides. But at the same time, the decrease in concentration of a number of biogenic amines is noted. Under the influence of ultraviolet irradiation of the autologous blood, the reduction in manifestations of intoxication occurs slower, but norepinephrine production increases, contributing to improvement in the state of systemic hemodynamics and microcirculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of ethanol on brain biogenic amines and phospholipids in the chick embryo.

The role of biogenic amines and phospholipids in the acute and chronic effects of ethanol on chick embryo development were studied. Injection of ethanol into chicken eggs on the third day of embryonic development produced no deficits in body or brain weight in the 17-day-old embryo. Spontaneous fetal motility of the 17-day old embryo did not differ between vehicle- and ethanol-treated groups, but acute administration of ethanol decreased motility. Ethanol decreased dopamine and homovanillic acid, while the level of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid did not change in the 17-day-old chick embryo brain. Furthermore, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyl-ethanolamine turnover was decreased by ethanol. Ethanol decreased embryo viability in a dose-dependent manner as early as day 7. At this time, radiolabeled ethanol could be detected in the embryo. Thereafter, the levels of radiolabeled ethanol in whole embryos or embryo brains revealed continual exposure to ethanol throughout development. Our data suggest that monoaminergic neurons are involved in the development of ethanol tolerance through phospholipid synthesis in the chick embryo brain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of biogenic monoamine antagonists on the development of preimplantation mouse embryos cultured in vitro].

The effect of serotonin and adrenaline antagonists was tested on the early embryos of mice of three lines. All the substances tested produced an arrest or inhibition of cleavage division and the appearance of anomalies. Serotonin introduced in the incubation medium was effective against some serotoninolytics. We were unable to test the protective effect of adrenaline, as in the concentrations used it has its own effect on the development. From the data obtained, a conclusion is made of the existence in early mouse embryos of the structures sensitive to serotonin and adrenaline antagonists. The assumptions is made from the previously obtained data on the presence of biogenic monoamines in early mouse embryos, of functional activity of prospective mediators of the nervous system at the earliest stages of embryonic development of mammals.

Alprenolol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biogenic amine contents in fish and fish preserves].

A method developed on the basis of highly efficient liquid chromatography of dansyl derivatives was used to study the content of biogenic amines (tyramine, histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermine and spermidine) in fish and canned fish. It was found that only 7 out of 149 samples contained histamine levels exceeding maximum permissible concentration (salted herring, smoked sardines, and salted Siberian salmon). No correlation was recorded between the increase of spermine content and spermidine.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1985

Effects of meclofenoxate on the level and turnover of biogenic monoamines in the rat brain.

The level and turnover of biogenic monoamines in some rat brain structures were determined after treatment with meclofenoxate at a dose of 50 mg/kg administered i.p. two times a day (9 a.m. and 5 p.m.) for 5 days. Meclofenoxate decreased dopamine (DA) turnover in the frontal cortex and striatum and highly increased it in the hypothalamus. The DA level significantly declined in the striatum, tended to decline in the cortex and significantly rose in the hypothalamus. The noradrenaline (NA) turnover and level in the cortex and striatum were decreased. Meclofenoxate decreased serotonin (5-HT) turnover in the cortex, striatum and hypothalamus and increased it in the pons. At the same time, the 5-HT level rose in the cortex, striatum and pons and declined in the hypothalamus. These results suggest the neurochemical basis of the psychotropic and neuroendocrine effects of meclofenoxate.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concentration of biogenic amines and their metabolites in different parts of brain after experimental cerebral concussion.

The levels of biogenic amines and their metabolites were determined in different parts of brain or cerebral-spinal fluid 0.5, 1, 6, 12 or 24 h after experimental cerebral concussion. Cerebral concussion in the rat leads within 6 h to an increase in 5-hydroxytryptamine and a decrease in dopamine utilization in the striatum. That imbalance between the functional state of serotoninergic and dopaminergic neurons may partly explain the development of vasospasms, ischemia and edema brought about by the brain mechanical trauma. Moreover, after cerebral concussion an evident decrease in NA level in discrete brain areas and a decreased DA release in the whole brain occur. In conclusion it is suggested that the alterations of catecholamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine utilization in discrete brain areas, especially in the striatum are the characteristic feature of disturbances after experimental brain concussion.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methanol induced biogenic amine changes in discrete areas of rat brain: role of simultaneous ethanol administration.

Alteration in the steady state level of brain biogenic amines produced by methanol differ considerably in rats when compared to the effects produced by ethanol. When ethanol and methanol were administered simultaneously in identical concentration, the effects produced by methanol were much more pronounced in the presence of ethanol. This could be attributed to the delay in the metabolism of methanol as ethanol competes with methanol for alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme activity. Hence, it is presumed that the effects produced by methanol seem to be primarily due to the direct action of methanol itself and not due to metabolic end products of methanol. It is also inferred that if methanol per se is going to produce any permanent damage in the central nervous system due to abnormal neurotransmitter behaviour, they cannot be prevented by treatment with ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biogenic amine status in acute fulminant hepatocellular failure in children.

This study involved pediatric cases with Acute fulminant hepatocellular failure (AFHF) put on conventional therapy at the Hospital for children, Madras. In these cases, the biogenic amine status was studied at the time of admission, during therapy and at the time of recovery in responders. The CSF 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and Homovanillic acid (HVA), blood 5-HT and 5-HIAA, and urinary 5-HIAA followed almost a similar pattern of changes during the course of AFHF: increase at precoma, further increase at coma, return towards control at recovery. In striking contrast, urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol (MHPG) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid (VMA) registered a decrease at precoma, a further fall at coma and a value closer to control at recovery. The results suggest the usefulness of assay of these parameters in monitoring cases of AFHF during therapy and in offering prognosis for these cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biogenic monoamines of the brain and spinal cord pia mater in vertebrates].

Fluorimetric studies have been made on the content of adrenalin, noradrenaline, serotonin, dopamine, and tryptamine in the pial matter of the brain and spinal cord of fishes, birds and mammals including man. Using histochemical method with glyoxylic acid, biogenic monoamines were revealed in the adrenergic nerve fibers and monoaminocytes. Their total content in the pial matter of the brain is approximately the same in all vertebrates, being significantly lower in man. Higher concentration of adrenergic axons and lower amount of monoaminocytes in human subjects reveal the key role of the nervous influences in regulation of hemodynamics of the brain.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of biogenic amines in the neurohumoral mechanisms of postradiation gastrostasis in rats].

In experiments with rats it was shown that pharmacological substances that deplete the biogenic amine pool or selectively arrest dopamine and serotonin receptors prevent or considerably reduce the postirradiation gastrostasis. It is suggested that activation of dopamine- and serotonergic inhibiting mechanisms of regulation of motor-evacuative function of the stomach is responsible for the postirradiation delay in gastric evacuation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Localization of biogenic monoamines in the dura mater of the rat brain].

Quantitative and qualitative composition of catecholamines (noradrenaline and dophamine) and indolalkylamines (serotonin and tryptamine) and their localization have been studied in cells and neural fibers of the rat dura mater. Luminiscent-cytophotometric and electron microscopic methods have revealed two types of cells depositing biogenic monoamines. As demonstrate the experiments with rausedil injection, monoaminocytes of the first type (mast cells) contain predominantly indolalkylamines and a small amount of dophamine. Monoaminocytes of the second type (chromaffin cells) synthesize mainly serotonin and, perhaps, tryptamine. In adrenergic neural fibers only noradrenaline has been found to be present.

Animals↗