Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ASPERGILLOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Serial monitoring of Aspergillus antigen in the early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Preliminary investigations with two examples.

A recently developed sandwich ELISA, which detects Aspergillus galactomannan, was tested retrospectively in serial serum samples from an allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient with proven invasive aspergillosis (patient 1) and another with suspected disease (patient 2). Galactomannan was detected in the serum 4 and 28 days, respectively, before pulmonary infiltrates suggestive of fungal infection first became apparent on the chest X-ray. Aspergillus was detected by ELISA and PCR in BAL fluid samples from both patients, and in CSF from patient 1. The diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy for patient 1 by histopathology and the recovery of Aspergillus fumigatus from the lung and brain. Furthermore, in both patients the course of the antigen titer in the serum during antifungal treatment corresponded with the clinical outcome. These results confirm that the sandwich ELISA appears to be useful for the early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. The value of the test for monitoring the response to antifungal treatment remains to be established in prospective trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The relationship of systemic phycomycosis and aspergillosis, in cattle showing clinical signs of disease, to the occurrence of lesions in different organs.

Cases of systemic phycomycosis and aspergillosis in cattle with clinical signs of disease were recorded from the literature. The incidence of these conditions in animals of different ages was noted in conjunction with the organ in which the lesions were found. The forestomachs and abomasum were considered separately from other affected organs. Phycomycosis was most commonly associated with the lungs and the other organ most frequently affected was the liver. Aspergillosis was a comparatively rare event but appeared to affect the same organs. Of the stomach compartments, lesions occurred most often in the abomasum and the age of the animals may be important. Lesions in the lymph nodes are generally associated with animals showing no clinical signs of disease.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1994

Value of antigen and antibody detection in the serological diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies.

In a study to determine the value of antigen and antibody detection in the serological diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies, 436 sequential serum samples from 79 neutropenic patients were tested. Circulating galactomannan antigen was detected with a latex agglutination method (Pastorex Aspergillus) and antibody to Aspergillus fumigatus with an immunodiffusion test on agar gel. Among the 79 patients 18 cases of invasive aspergillosis were detected (4 proven, 6 highly probable, 3 probable, 5 suspected). Antigen was detected in 7 of these 18 patients. The sensitivity of the antigen test was 38.8% and the specificity 95%. The antibody test showed 55.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity. In this study the antigen test was less sensitive than previously reported but highly specific and might serve as a supplementary diagnostic test.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1997

Arterial embolization as preoperative treatment for pulmonary aspergillosis with hemoptysis.

Pulmonary aspergillosis associated with old tuberculosis is generally resistant to treatment. Thus, if patients are treated only with conservative therapy, their condition continues to deteriorate due to repetitive hemoptysis, and may even become critical. Surgical treatment is required for these patients; however, it is extremely difficult to resect the lesion due to severe adhesions to the chest wall and vascular proliferation surrounding the lesion. We performed preoperative arterial embolization, achieving good results in three patients with hemoptysis caused by pulmonary aspergillosis. The feeding arteries were embolized using microcoils and/or gelatin sponges, and a lobectomy was safely carried out in all patients. We concluded that preoperative arterial embolization is a safe and effective technique to prevent massive hemorrhage occurring at the time of surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Treatment of invasive Aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancies.

The respiratory tract is the most common organ involved with Aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancies. Also Aspergillus species tend to invade blood vessels resulting in systemic dissemination to multiple organs. Early diagnosis and treatment are pivotal to the patient's outcome. A high index of suspicion should be maintained in children who have profound neutropenia and present with prolonged fever that is unresponsive to systemic antibiotics. Several diagnostic modalities should be used simultaneously in order to confirm the diagnosis in an expedited manner. Combination and sequential antifungal therapy have been shown to be of added benefit. Surgical intervention is associated with a high mortality rate, but may be indicated in children with a localized disease. In this article the authors review the epidemiology, microbiology, pathology, and clinical manifestations of invasive aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancies. Current diagnostic approach, medical, and surgical treatment options are discussed.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1998

Relatively high F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in paranasal sinus aspergillosis: a PET study.

We report a case of maxillary sinus (MS) aspergillosis studied by positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and by 67Ga-citrate (Ga) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The FDG uptake existed in the lesion and along the inflammatory edematous mucous membrane of the MS. Ga uptake occurred not only in the lesion and in the mucous membrane but also in the MS. Relative quantification, the standardized uptake value (SUV) of the lesion showed relatively high FDG uptake (3.7). But in other reports, many malignant head and neck tumors had a SUV below 3.7. It was thought to be difficult to differentiate between aspergillosis and malignant head and neck tumors by FDG-PET.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

111In-chloride uptake in pulmonary aspergillosis.

Unusual pulmonary uptake of 111In-chloride (111InCl3) was recognized in a patient with aplastic anemia. A chest radiograph showed infiltrative shadow concordant with 111InCl3 uptake, and autopsy revealed pulmonary aspergillosis. To our knowledge, there is not an extensive literature on 111InCl3 uptake in pulmonary aspergillosis.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed2003

High-risk AML complicated by pulmonary aspergillosis: successful treatment with nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation and long-term administration of voriconazole.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with central diabetes insipidus (DI) and chromosomal aberrations is characterised by a very poor prognosis. We present a 28-year-old female with AML FAB M0, preceding DI and cytogenetic abnormalities (monosomy 7 and inversion of chromosome 9). Complete remission was achieved with FLAG after she was refractory to two different induction regimens. Prolonged neutropenia resulted in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation from a matched unrelated donor was performed using a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen. Desmopressin substitution for DI was withdrawn after transplant without recurrence of symptoms. Initial antifungal treatment, including liposomal amphotericin B, caspofungin and itraconazole, was replaced by voriconazole after deterioration of pulmonary aspergillosis, resulting in improvement, stabilisation and finally, also as the combined effect of discontinuation of the immunosuppressive therapy, in disappearance of signs and symptoms. Thirteen months after transplant, the patient is in continuous complete remission. The presented case study thus demonstrates that high-risk AML with concomitant invasive fungal infection may be safely and effectively treated by nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation and long-term administration of voriconazole.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant in patients previously diagnosed with invasive aspergillosis.

Patients previously diagnosed with invasive aspergillosis (IA) have been considered to be at risk for relapse of mycosis during subsequent hematopoietic transplant. Even with prophylactic measures, reactivation of the infection occurs in 29% of patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT). A period of neutropenia is one of the variables considered to be a risk factor for reactivation. Peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) results in a shorter neutropenia period leading to a lower risk of fungal infection. A retrospective data analysis performed on patients undergoing autologous PBSCT for hematological malignancies in our unit showed that nine patients were diagnosed before transplantation with IA. All patients received only medical treatment during their primary infection. Medical prophylaxis was administered in seven of these patients, and two underwent transplantation without prophylaxis. All patients developed severe neutropenia after a myeloablative regimen. All but one had neutropenic fever, although the fever was controlled and no fungal complications occurred. All patients in this series achieved complete hematological engraftment without delay in granulocyte recovery (mean: 8.78 vs 9.76; p=0.58). No significant differences were observed in toxicities with regards to transplantation between patients previously diagnosed with IA and their controls. Recurrence of IA related to transplantation was avoided since no relapse of IA was demonstrated. This series of nine patients with a previous history of IA shows that medical treatment, secondary prophylaxis, and peripheral blood as a source of stem cells could be effective measures to avoid reactivation of previous aspergillosis during hematopoietic transplantation, although prospective randomized trials should still be performed to confirm these findings in a wider setting.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Spontaneous reversibility of "pleural thickening" in a patient with semi-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: radiographic and CT findings.

We present serial radiographic and CT findings of spontaneous reversibility of "pleural thickening" in a patient with proved semi-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis who developed bilateral intracavitary aspergillomas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature of this feature. Radiologists should be aware that pleural thickening in patients with semi-invasive aspergillosis does not necessarily indicate irreversible pleural fibrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Risk factors for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and sensitisation to Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with cystic fibrosis.

UNLABELLED: An increasing incidence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) as a complication in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is reported. The objective of this retrospective case-control study was to assess potential risk factors for ABPA and for Aspergillus fumigatus sensitisation (AFS). In a group of 160 CF patients, 11 (7%) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for ABPA and 20 (13%) had evidence of AFS. They were compared to 62 control CF patients (25 for ABPA and 37 for AFS group) without evidence of ABPA or AFS using extended matching for sex, age and weight. AFS patients had received significantly higher cumulative doses of inhaled corticosteroids than their respective controls (OR 8.0; 95% CI 1.74-63). Bronchial colonisation with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was strongly and independently associated with ABPA (OR 20; 95% CI 2.8- infinity). A longer duration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonisation was independently associated with AFS (OR per year 1.50; 95% CI 1.12- infinity). CONCLUSION: Cystic fibrosis patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis have a more frequent isolation of S. maltophilia in their sputum than their controls. Longer duration of colonisation with P. aeruginosa is a risk factor for Aspergillus fumigatus sensitisation. Higher cumulative doses of inhaled corticosteroids are associated with Aspergillus fumigatus sensitisation and their role as a risk factor needs to be clarified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Fatal acute granulomatous pulmonary aspergillosis in a healthy subject after inhalation of vegetal dust.

A previously healthy 28-year-old man presented a few hours after inhalation of vegetal dust with acute bilateral community-acquired pneumonia, which caused death in 10 days despite treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, intravenous amphotericin B, inotropic support, and mechanical ventilation. A postmortem lung biopsy indicated miliary granulomatous pulmonary aspergillosis. Six similar previously published cases of acute granulomatous pulmonary aspergillosis are reviewed. This entity in adulthood may reveal a defect in neutrophil or macrophage function, such as late-onset chronic granulomatous disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis transformed into fatal mucous impaction by immune reconstitution in an AIDS patient.

Reported here is the case of a newly diagnosed AIDS patient with end-stage HIV infection and biopsy-proven invasive pulmonary aspergillosis who responded to antifungal therapy but developed severe mucous impaction in association with rapid immune restoration that was ultimately fatal. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis complicates about 4% of AIDS infections. A search of the medical literature revealed no previous report of this organism's involvement in immune restoration syndrome.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2000

Cutaneous aspergillosis in patients with haematological malignancies.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate skin infections caused by Aspergillus in patients with haematological malignancies. Fifteen cases of cutaneous aspergillosis are reported, 12 of which occurred among 4448 consecutive patients with acute leukaemia. Cutaneous involvement occurred in 4% of patients with documented Aspergillus infection. Primary cutaneous aspergillosis was diagnosed in five cases. Infection was fatal in 11 of 15 cases; the absence of additional sites of infection other than cutis at presentation appeared to be the only factor related to a favourable outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Effect of direct infusion of antifungal agent on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with acute leukemia.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a serious problem in the treatment of patients with acute leukemia. A 52-year-old woman with acute myeloid leukemia developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis during remission induction chemotherapy. Initially, we treated her with a continuous intravenous drip infusion of amphotericin B, together with itraconazole, given orally. A peripheral crescentic cavity formed in the fungal lesion after the number of neutrophils recovered, and we therefore performed a direct infusion of miconazole into the cavity transbronchially. The lung lesion resolved dramatically shortly after this treatment. In this patient, the transbronchial infusion of an antifungal agent seemed to have been very useful for bringing about prompt resolution of the fungal lesion.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed2006

Aspergillosis in Larus cachinnans micaellis: survey of eight cases.

Avian aspergillosis is reported in several avian species, with Aspergillus fumigatus as the main aetiological agent. Predisposing factors such as starvation, thermal stress, migratory stress, primary infectious disease or toxicosis may play a role. Eight cases of disseminated aspergillosis in free ranging seagulls sheltered at C.R.U.M.A. (Centro Recupero Uccelli Marini e Acquatici, Livorno, Italy) with different clinical histories are presented. The infection was demonstrated by cultural and histological methods from lesions of all birds, and the presence of airborne A. fumigatus viable elements ranging from 450 to 525 CFU/m(3) inside and outside the shelter by means of a surface air sampler (SAS) Super-90 was also assessed. The role of this fungal species as an opportunistic factor in the captivity of seagulls is considered and some control measures, such as a clean and stress free environment and the use of antifungal drugs are suggested.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed2006

Primary invasive aspergillosis of the digestive tract: report of two cases and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Disseminated aspergillosis is thought to occur as a result of vascular invasion from the lungs with subsequent bloodstream dissemination, and portals of entry other than sinuses and/or the respiratory tract remain speculative. METHODS: We report two cases of primary aspergillosis in the digestive tract and present a detailed review of eight of the 23 previously-published cases for which detailed data are available. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: These ten cases presented with symptoms suggestive of typhlitis, with further peritonitis requiring laparotomy and small bowel segmental resection. All cases were characterized by the absence of pulmonary disease at the time of histologically-confirmed gastrointestinal involvement with vascular invasion by branched Aspergillus hyphae. These cases suggest that the digestive tract may represent a portal of entry for Aspergillus species in immunocompromised patients.

Aged↗