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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Survey report: Jordan.

Preliminary results from the 1990 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey show a 20% decline in fertility since the early 1970s. The total fertility rate (TFR, or average lifetime births/woman) declined from 7.7 births in the 1971-1975 period, to 6.6 in 1980-1983, to 5.6 in 1987-1990. A national sample of 6462 evermarried women of childbearing ages were interviewed. More than 1/2 (58%) of respondents had ever used a method of contraception. 35% of married women reported currently using some method of contraception, up from 26% in 1983. The IUD was the most popular modern method--used by 15% of women. Female sterilization (6% of respondents) edged out the pill (5%). These findings show a shift in contraceptive use from the pill to the IUD and female sterilization compared with 1983. In general, older women, those living in big cities, women with a formal education, and those who have children are more likely to use contraception. Compared with other countries, the level of fertility in Jordan is high for the level of contraceptive use. Reliance on traditional methods may account for this difference: 27% were currently using modern methods and 8% traditional. Knowledge of contraceptive methods is high. Almost all women knew of at least 1 method of family planning, either modern or traditional. The pill and IUD were the best-known methods; 98% of the women knew at least 1 of these. The next best-known were traditional methods: periodic abstinence (77%) and withdrawal (69%). Most women who knew a family planning method also knew where to obtain it. For example, more than 94% of those surveyed knew about female sterilization, of whom 85% knew where to go to have it done. The survey showed infant mortality in Jordan had declined to 27/1000 livebirths. Almost all children under 2 had received some vaccinations, and almost all are breastfed for at least some time. There seems to be a strong program prompting diphtheria/pertussis/typhoid, polio, and measles vaccination in Jordan, according to the report. Of all children 12-23 months, 88% had received these vaccinations, although coverage declined with successive doses.

Asia↗
PubMed1992

[Mortality, ethnicity, and the standard of living in Israel].

"The present analysis looks at the mortality differences between two major population groups in Israel, the Arabs and the Jews. While the differences in standard of living (SOL) between these two groups may be expected to account for most of the mortality difference between them, we consider whether there is also a qualitative majority-minority group effect.... The results indicate that Arab life expectancy is higher than would be expected given the SOL. Unlike Jewish life expectancy, however, which is positively related to the SOL, Arab life expectancy is negatively related for males, and unrelated for females. An explanation is offered in terms of the effects of discrimination on the sense of coherence of those members of the minority group who are the most integrated into the majority society." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Acculturation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of underlying and multiple-cause mortality data.

"A variety of life table models were used for the analysis of the (1984-86) Kuwaiti cause-specific mortality data. These models comprised total mortality, multiple-decrement, cause-elimination, cause-delay and disease dependency. The models were illustrated by application to a set of four chronic diseases: hypertensive, ischaemic heart, cerebrovascular and diabetes mellitus. The life table methods quantify the relative weights of different diseases as hazards to mortality after adjustment for other causes. They can also evaluate the extent of dependency between underlying cause of death and other causes mentioned on [the] death certificate using an extended underlying-cause model." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND ITA)

Asia↗
PubMed1992

Three types of birthrates in the USSR: stages of demographic transition.

"Regional differences in birthrate indicators, which are primarily associated with different stages of the demographic transition, are examined in three typical USSR republics: post-transitional (Estonia), transitional (Azerbaijan), and pre-transitional (Tajikistan). Demographic transition theory in the explanation and forecasting of birthrate trends is discussed. It is concluded that the experience of the USSR supports the universal nature of this theory."

Asia↗
PubMed1993

Planned emigration: the Palestinian case.

"This article examines the UN policies encouraging emigration from the Palestinian refugee camps through educating Palestinians and sending them for work abroad. Data show that emigration is more related to certain types of employment, especially skilled labor and white-collar jobs, than to employment per se. The data were collected, through personal interviews, from Dair El Balah refugee camp in Gaza Strip in 1986. There are 291 observations representing individuals who are 19 years old or over. A major conclusion of this study is that the educational policies initiated and operated by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) contributed to the dispersion of about one third of the refugees in the 1960s and the 1970s."

Asia↗
PubMed1993

[International migration, agriculture, and development: reflections from some case studies].

The author examines the relationships among migration, agricultural development, and economic development in the labor-exporting countries of Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Turkey. She finds that "massive migration contributes much more to the growth of the service sector than to agricultural or industrial development in the countries of departure." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE)

Africa↗
PubMed1993

Immigration and ethnic origin: the effect of demographic attributes on earnings of Israeli men and women.

"The present article examines the separate effects of ethnicity and immigration on earnings by studying a sample of Israeli workers. The results indicate that immigrant status constitutes a major handicap in the Israeli labor market. Ethnicity, on the other hand, plays a minor role in the earnings determination process. The consequences of these results for labor market policies are discussed."

Asia↗
PubMed1995

The impact of this involuntary mass "return" to Jordan in the wake of the Gulf crisis.

"This article investigates the impact of the involuntary movement to Jordan of about 300,000 Palestinians in the wake of the Gulf crisis of 1990-91. It explores the character of the population that arrived en masse in Jordan and whether their arrival burdened or benefitted that country.... The involuntary migration compounded other effects of the Gulf crisis on Jordan and exacerbated the country's already serious economic problems. Integration of the returnees was painful. But contrary to initial expectations, the mass arrival did not result in unmitigated disaster and may have contributed to an economic recovery in Jordan, suggesting that there may be potentially beneficial windfall effects of sudden population influxes, even when they are involuntary and disorderly."

Acculturation↗