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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The use of computers in teaching clinical laboratory science.

The Transfusion Medicine Tutor (TMT) has been designed to study the use of computers in teaching concepts and problem- solving skills important in the field of clinical laboratory science. This system provides students with an opportunity to gain experience by solving a wide range of actual cases, and coaches these students when they are having difficulties. This system is designed specifically to detect and respond to a variety of errors that students may make while solving cases, and to suggest more advanced problem-solving methods when appropriate. This article describes the concepts behind the design of TMT.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

New computing model helps Hamilton Health Sciences address changing business requirements.

This case study presents the impetus, business case, chronology and benefits of implementing a new server-based computing model at Hamilton Health Sciences that solved a critical desktop management problem while reducing IT costs. The new approach also provided a robust, flexible and scalable technology platform that is helping the hospital address business requirements driven by the emerging virtual healthcare community.

Cost Control↗
PubMed2003

[Progress in molecular biology study of DNA computer].

DNA (deoxyribonucleotide acids) computer is an emerging new study area that basically combines molecular biology study of DNA molecules and computational study on how to employ these specific molecules to calculate. In 1994 Adleman described his pioneering research on DNA computing in Science. This is the first experimental report on DNA computer study. In 2001 Benenson et al published a paper in Nature regarding a programmable and autonomous DNA computing device. Because of its Turing-like functions, the device is regarded as another milestone progress for DNA computer study. The main features of DNA computer are massively parallel computing ability and potential enormous data storage capacity. Comparing with conventional electronic computers, DNA molecules provide conceptually a revolution in computing, and more and more implications have been found in various disciplines. DNA computer studies have brought great progress not only in its own computing mechanisms, but also in DNA manipulation technologies especially nano-technology. This article presents the basic principles of DNA computer, its applications, its important relationship with genomic research and our comments on all above issues.

Computers, Molecular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A hygienic assessment of the work of students on Macintosh computers].

Various kinds of works of 6-11th-form schoolchildren on Macintosh computers were physiologically and hygienically assessed at the lesson of information science and computer engineering (ISCE), as well as typing. The fatigue of a visual analyzer was due to the time of looking through the data available on the display; the adverse changes of the higher nervous activity depends on the complexity of educational materials and the intensity of work on a computer. Three-hour studies in ISCE should be excluded from the time able of lessons as they do not meet hygienic requirements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The dynamical hypothesis in cognitive science.

According to the dominant computational approach in cognitive science, cognitive agents are digital computers; according to the alternative approach, they are dynamical systems. This target article attempts to articulate and support the dynamical hypothesis. The dynamical hypothesis has two major components: the nature hypothesis (cognitive agents are dynamical systems) and the knowledge hypothesis (cognitive agents can be understood dynamically). A wide range of objections to this hypothesis can be rebutted. The conclusion is that cognitive systems may well be dynamical systems, and only sustained empirical research in cognitive science will determine the extent to which that is true.

Cognition↗
PubMed1994

Connected to the future. The latest computer technology can ease paperwork burdens and expand your horizons.

The art of medicine and the science of computing have become irrevocably intertwined in the past few years, as advances in technology have made completing the most tedious and time-consuming tasks a snap. Current technology gives a physician the ability to gather and exchange information at the touch of a button from an ever-growing network of resources around the world.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1990

Reading illustrated science texts: a micro-computer based investigation of children's strategies.

Research has shown that the effect of illustrations on children's learning of science is related to ability. This study examines the hypothesis that children who show different levels of success in a learning task will employ different strategies in their picture-text processing. One hundred and eighty 14 year-old children were required to learn three illustrated science topics of different levels of difficulty which were presented to them on a BBC micro-computer. The computer was programmed to record the time spent on each sentence and each picture, as well as the point in the text at which the picture was accessed. Post hoc testing enabled the children to be divided into six groups according to their success rates on the learning tasks. Significantly longer times were spent looking at the pictures as the topics increased in difficulty; also the amount of time spent looking at pictures increased as the learning of the children decreased. For every second the least successful children spent accessing pictures, they spent about four seconds reading the text; for the most successful children this ratio was about one-to-six. The least successful children also accessed the pictures significantly more frequently than the most successful. The different strategies used by the children are discussed in terms of what is known about their differential learning gains from illustrated texts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The implications for academic attainment of perceived gender-appropriateness upon spatial task performance.

BACKGROUND: Male superiority in spatial ability has traditionally been used as an explanation for the male domination of 'spatial' disciplines such as mathematics, science and computing. Data are presented which show the degree of male domination of these disciplines at a range of academic levels. AIMS: To evaluate the effect of describing a spatial ability test either as a measure of spatial ability (traditional format) or as a measure of empathy, upon male and female performance. Psychological gender is also assessed to evaluate the role of masculinity and femininity upon performance. METHOD: Eighty-four sixth form students were presented with the Group Embedded Figures Test in the assessment's traditional format and as a measure of 'empathy'. Levels of masculinity and femininity were also assessed using the Bem Sex Role Inventory. RESULTS: Whilst the description of the nature of the assessment did not affect male performance, female performance' varied significantly as a function of test description. Females only underperformed when the test was described as a measure of spatial ability. Additionally, those high in masculinity were found to outperform those high in femininity. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that 'apparent' sex differences in spatial ability are more accurately described as psychological gender differences which determine the motivation to attempt the assessments. COMMENT: The implications for genderised activities (such as computing) within education are discussed.

Achievement↗
PubMed2005

The PLoS community journals.

2005 will see the launch of three new open access journals from the Public Library of Science - PLoS Computational Biology, PLoS Genetics, and PLoS Pathogens.

Computational Biology↗
PubMed1989

Use of computer-assisted instruction in the health sciences.

Instruction and evaluation are two functions that computer-assisted instruction (CAI) handles very well. The computer brings many advantages to the classroom, even though it has some definite limitations. One of CAI's best features is that it can free the teacher to do things that teachers do best--such as one-to-one discussions with students.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of a computerized patient record system: a cognitive approach to evaluating medical technology.

Numerous research and development projects have been aimed at implementing computerized patient record (CPR) systems. Yet little emphasis has been placed on physicians' ability to learn and use these systems or on their effects on physicians' reasoning. This article describes an innovative approach to assessing these aspects of a CPR system. The method involves observing physicians' use of a CPR under various clinical conditions and analyzing the CPR system with a technique called the cognitive walkthrough. We will show how learning to use a CPR system can change a physician's performance, with accompanying effects on information gathering and reasoning.

Cognitive Science↗
PubMed2000

Protein structure computing in the genomic era.

Functional analysis of the proteins discovered in fully sequenced genomes represents the next major challenge of life science research. Computational methods play a crucial role in this activity and, among them, comparative protein modelling is of great assistance during the rational design of mutagenesis experiments. Our aim over the last several years has been to further the use of 3-D model structures in this field. Therefore, we have developed a comparative protein modelling environment composed of the Swiss-PdbViewer (sequence to structure workbench and viewing program), SWISS-MODEL (internet-based server for model generation) and a database of a model generated with 3DCrunch.

Computational Biology↗
PubMed1987

Computers in the cognitive rehabilitation of brain-injured persons.

Currently there is a rapid expansion of work among rehabilitation professionals in applying computer-assisted instructional technology to remediate cognitive deficits resulting from brain injury. The present article presents a framework for relating the various theoretical, empirical, and clinical challenges raised by the coalescence of two such recently emerging disciplines as computer-assisted instruction and cognitive rehabilitation. These challenges are presented from the perspectives of diverse disciplines, including cognitive science, rehabilitation professions, and computer science. A set of guiding principles are derived for evaluating the potential efficacy of currently existing programs and for directing future developmental work in software design, evaluation research, and service delivery.

Animals↗