Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “UTERUS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Puerperal inversion of the uterus in Nepal: case reports and review of literature.

Retrospective study of 6 cases of puerperal inversion of the uterus is being presented from 1975 to 1995 and a review of literature for 20 years of the period 1975-1995 has been summarised. In the present series, one case with acute puerperal inversion of uterus were treated by manual reposition, 2 cases of chronic puerperal inversion of uterus was treated surgically by Kustner's vaginal approach. Two cases with subacute puerperal inversion of uterus, 1 case of chronic puerperal inversion were treated by Haultain and Huntington method. Out of 241 cases of uterine inversion obtained from review of literature for last 20 years, 229 (95%) constituted puerperal and 12 (5%) were non puerperal inversions. Among puerperal inversions, 191 (83.4%) cases were of acute type and only 6 (2.62%) cases were of subacute variety. The chronic puerperal inversion constituted 32 (13.9%). Out of 63 cases of uterine inversions in India, maternal deaths were reported as 6 (9.5%) but there was no maternal death in the present series.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Spontaneous rupture of the uterus caused by placenta percreta at 28 weeks of gestation: a case report.

Placenta percreta is a rare complication of pregnancy. Rupture of the uterus due to placenta percreta is one of the most urgent obstetrical catastrophes. Recently, we observed a patient who developed placenta percreta accompanied by spontaneous uterine rupture at 28 weeks of gestation. A 29-year old gravida 3, para 1, who had a history of one cesarean section and one miscarriage with dilatation and curetage, was seen at 28 weeks of gestation. An acute abdomen and shock were diagnosed. Immediate laparotomy revealed a transverse rupture on the fundus of the uterus. A hysterectomy was performed. Pathological examination of the uterus showed placenta percreta. Rupture of the uterus due to placenta percreta before the onset of labor is extremely rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Localization of bradykinin B2 receptors in the endometrium and myometrium of rat uterus and the effects of estrogen and progesterone.

In the uterus, bradykinin is a potent inducer of smooth muscle contraction, which is mediated by the bradykinin B2 receptor subtype. However, little is known about the distribution or regulation of this receptor in this tissue. The aim of this study was to localize the B2 receptor in the uterus and determine whether the levels of this receptor were altered during the estrous cycle and modulated by estrogen and/or progesterone in ovariectomized rats. At diestrus, uterine B2 receptors were localized to both the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers of the myometrium, the endometrial stroma, the glandular epithelium, and the layer subjacent to the luminal epithelium. B2 receptor levels in both myometrium and endometrium were lowest during early proestrus, when estrogen levels are low, whereas myometrial B2 receptor protein and messenger RNA levels were highest during late proestrous, when estrogen levels peak. Similar findings were observed for the estrogen-supplemented group after ovariectomy, with progesterone appearing to inhibit the estrogen-induced rise in bradykinin B2 receptor density in estrogen/progesterone-treated animals. Using in vitro receptor autoradiography employing the specific B2 receptor antagonist analog, HPP-HOE140, immunostaining with specific antipeptide antibodies generated against the B2 receptor, and in situ hybridization using a specific bradykinin B2 receptor riboprobe, our findings show a discrete distribution of the bradykinin B2 receptor throughout the different layers of the uterus and suggest that bradykinin B2 receptor levels in the rat uterus are regulated by estrogen, and possibly progesterone, in both myometrium and endometrium.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of synthetic omega-conotoxin on the contractile responses of segments of rat ileum, stomach fundus and uterus and guinea pig taenia coli.

The effect of synthetic omega-conotoxin (omega-CgTX) on the contractile responses of segments of rat ileum, stomach fundus and uterus and guinea pig taenia coli were investigated. Omega-CgTX (10(-9)-5 x 10(-6) M) did not inhibit the contractile responses of all smooth muscle segments to high KCl and/or ACh. However, unexpectedly, omega-CgTX (3 x 10(-7)-10(-5) M) alone caused dose-dependent contraction of segments of the stomach fundus and uterus. These contractile responses to omega-CgTX alone depended upon the presence and/or the influx of extracellular Ca2+; and they were inhibited by calcium antagonists such as diltiazem, nitrendipine and verapamil, with the exception that the segments of stomach fundus was not inhibited by verapamil. With the segments of uterus, but not those of other tissues, omega-CgTX (10(-7)-5 x 10(-6) M) significantly enhanced the contractile responses to various concentrations of ACh and high KCl. With rat ileum and guinea pig taenia coli segments, omega-CgTX (10(-9)-5 x 10(-6) M) did not induce a contractile response or have an enhancing effect. These findings suggest that omega-CgTX may have a calcium agonist-like effect on smooth muscles such as the stomach fundus and uterus of rats.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

Sonographic findings in adenomyosis of the uterus.

In an attempt to define better the sonographic findings of adenomyosis of the uterus, we reviewed sonograms in seven cases of pathologically proven extensive adenomyosis without associated uterine diseases. In all cases, the uterus was enlarged. In five cases, the posterior wall of the uterus was thickened, and echoes in the endometrial cavity were eccentric. Six cases showed a slight decrease in uterine echogenicity. One case had sonographic findings suggestive of a calcified leiomyoma. The diagnosis of adenomyosis cannot be made conclusively by sonography. However, it can be suggested if the uterus is slightly enlarged and if the posterior portion of the myometrium is anechoic and thickened.

Endometriosis↗
PubMed1999

[Delivery after scarred uterus at the University Hospital Center of Dakar].

The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze the prognosis of delivery after previous cesarean section in Dakar University Hospital from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1997. For 9,068 registered deliveries, 134 were on scarred uterus (1.5% of all deliveries). Average age of these women was 29 years. Prophylactic cesarean was performed in 61 cases (45.5%). The main indications were multi-scarred uterus, breach presentation and macrosomy. A trial of labor was undertaken in the 73 other patients (54.5%), 85% were successful. Vaginal delivery rate was 46.3% on scarred uterus. There were no maternal deaths. Only one case of uterin rupture occurred in the prophylactic cesarean group. There were no perinatal deaths caused by trial of labor. These results confirm that trial of labor on scarred uterus should be the rule whenever possible, even when electronic cardiotocographic monitoring is not available.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Ruptured uterus: an ongoing tragedy of motherhood.

This study aimed to determine the frequency of ruptured uterus, possible aetiologic factors, foetomaternal out come and changes in obstetric care proposed to reduce this catastrophy. From September 1994 to September 1999 in Dhaka Medical College Hospital 39,782 deliveries occurred. All delivery records were reviewed and rupture uterus cases were identified. The result was compared with studies carried out in home and abroad. During the five years period among 39,782 deliveries 424 cases were of rupture uterus with a frequency of 1/93 deliveries. Eighty three percent rupture occurred in intact uterus and 17% occurred in uteri scarred by caesarian section. Common contributing factors were -prolonged/obstructed labour, grand multiparity, injudicious use of uterine stimulants, mismanaged labour by traditional birth attendant, delayed referral to well equipped centre, poor communication, poverty and ignorance.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Vaginal hysterectomy for the large uterus.

Vaginal hysterectomy for the large uterus is seldom performed in Malaysia. The traditional operation is abdominal hysterectomy. This is a personal series of vaginal hysterectomies for enlarged uterus of more than 12 weeks size (>280g) carried out in a private hospital between 1/1/97 to 30/9/2000. A total of 40 cases were done with the weights of the uterus ranging from 290g to 790g. The mean weight of the uterus was 434g. The average operating time was 92.1 min. The complications were minimal with 2 cases of blood transfusion for intra-operative hemorrhage, 1 case of fever and 1 case of bladder perforation. This series demonstrates feasibility and safety of the operation. The excellent recovery due to the absence of an abdominal scar should be a strong incentive for specialists to learn the skill.

Female↗
PubMed2003

Spontaneous rupture of a first-trimester gravid uterus in a woman exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Poor reproductive outcome was well documented in several studies of women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. Spontaneous rupture of an unscarred uterus is rare and very uncommon in the first trimester of pregnancy. CASE: Spontaneous rupture of the uterus was diagnosed in a 28-year-old nullipara who developed acute abdominal pain at 12 weeks' gestation. She was known to have been exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. Laparotomy revealed the rupture in the anterior fundal area of the uterus. Both tubes were normal. CONCLUSION: Several spontaneous ruptures have been described, but this is the first case of first-trimester spontaneous rupture of an unscarred uterus in a diethylstilbestrol-exposed woman.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Ruptured uterus in South Western Nigeria: a reappraisal.

INTRODUCTION: Rupture of the gravid uterus is a grave obstetric complication that is associated with high maternal and perinatal mortality rates. In Nigeria, the incidence remains high and continue to increase because of poverty, illiteracy, unavailability of manpower, poor supply of medical equipment and consumables, and dwindling health care funding. METHODS: A 10-year retrospective review of all cases of ruptured uterus seen at the Obafemi Awolowo University teaching hospital complex in Ile Ife, Nigeria was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 61 cases of ruptured uterus from 16,683 deliveries were recorded, giving a ratio of 1 in 273. Predisposing or aetiological factors for rupture were: prolonged labour (91.8 percent), grand multiparity (50.8 percent), injudicious use of oxytocin (41.0 percent), uterine scar (26.2 percent), obstetric manipulation (4.9 percent) and abnormal lie (14.8 percent). Fifty-six patients had surgery, of which 14 (25.0 percent) had total abdominal hysterectomy, 16 (28.6 percent) had subtotal hysterectomy, 15 (26.8 percent) had repair of the rupture and bilateral tubal ligation, and 13 (19.6 percent) had repair only. Thirteen maternal deaths occurred with a case fatality rate of 21.3 percent. CONCLUSION: Ruptured uterus remains a problem in Nigeria, with primary health centres and mission houses being identified as major contributors to this condition. They primarily failed in the recognition of abnormalities in the antepartum and/or intrapartum periods, with delays in referral and the injudicious use of oxytocin.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Endometrioid carcinoma of uterus and ovary.

A thirty-two-year-old married woman presented with pain abdomen and polymenorrhoea. Her uterus was bulky and one of the fornices was full. USG of abdomen revealed unilateral ovarian tumour associated with a mass in the uterus. Histopathological report revealed synchronous endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus and the ovary with morphological evidences in favour of independent primary carcinomas. With these perspectives the present case is reported where endometrioid carcinomas of uterus and ovary are two separate primary tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Leiomyosarcoma of uterus--a case report.

Leiomyosarcoma of uterus is a very rare malignant mesenchymal tumour of uterus. It may arise from the uterine myometrium de novo or may be transformed from a pre-existing benign leiomyoma. A 55-year-old female presenting with 20-22 weeks size of uterus and bleeding per vagina was clinically diagnosed as a case of leiomyoma uteri and cervical polyp, was subjected to abdominal hysterectomy. The tumour mass was later confirmed histologically as leiomyosarcoma of uterus presumed to be transformed from pre-existing leiomyoma uteri.

Female↗
PubMed1991

[Catecholamine levels and their distribution in the uterus during pregnancy and labor].

Catecholaminergic fiber distribution and noradrenaline levels were studied in various sections of the myometrium of a pregnant uterus. Female myometrium preparations obtained during surgery were studied by histochemical and radioenzymic methods. The findings evidence that catecholaminergic innervation of the myometrium is essentially reduced by the end of normal pregnancy and is detectable only in the lower segment of the uterus; in labor this phenomenon is virtually undetectable. Myometrial noradrenaline++ content is reduced by 90% by the end of pregnancy and in labor, the mediator level in the lower segment of the uterus being 2.4 times higher than in the body of the uterus.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1990

Adenomatoid tumors of the uterus.

The Adenomatoid Tumour is a rare benign neoplasm of the male and female genital tract. In the female it is seen with equal frequency in the uterus and the Fallopian tubes. In rare cases it is described in the ovarian and paraovarian connective tissue. In the uterus, AT is usually located in the cornual region, and its size usually varies between 0.5 and 2.0 cm in at its greatest dimension. The histogenesis of the AT is still a controversial subject, but the growing body of evidence now seems to favour a mesothelial origin. There is a frequent association between AT and leiomyomas in the uterus, with a variation between 56% and 80%. The treatment of the AT is simple excision of the tumour, if the uterus is not going to be removed for other reasons. Follow-up examinations of patients, who have undergone surgery for an AT have never, even over a period of up to 22 years, revealed recurrences and "malignant degeneration" is extremely rare.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[Malignant ovarian tumor invasion to the uterus and bladder: assessment with magnetic resonance imaging].

Twenty-nine patients with ovarian malignant tumor were studied by means of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The findings were compared with surgical findings concerning tumor invasion to the bladder and to the uterus. The bladder invasion was evaluated with MRI and classified as follows: (1) Huge amount of fat, colon or small intestine between the tumor and the bladder. (2) Thin fat layer between the bladder and the tumor, (3) No fat layer, and the bladder was smoothly compressed by the tumor, (4) No fat layer with local deformity of the bladder caused by the tumor existed, or tumor protruded into the bladder. In group (4), 4 of 5 cases were proved to have bladder invasion. However in group (3), half of the 14 cases showed bladder invasion and the others showed no invasion. Criteria used in MRI analysis of uterine invasion was as follows: (1) Fat layer between the uterus and the tumor, (2) Fat layer between the tumor and the bladder, and the uterine contour was indistinct, (3) No fat layer and deformity of the uterus was apparent. In group (3), many cases showed uterine invasion, but 4 cases out of 12 cases did not. In the group (2), 3 out of 11 cases showed uterine invasion. The diagnostic ability of uterine invasion was not as accurate as in cases of the bladder invasion. The MRI sagittal plane can directly show the relationship between the uterus, the bladder and tumor, so that diagnosis of tumor invasion by MRI is superior to CT. However MRI could not differentiate between adhesion and invasion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Delivery in the scarred uterus. Apropos of 606 cases in 62,193 deliveries].

Scarred uterus represent 1 p. cent of the deliveries in our department (n = 606). Delivery is performed vaginally in 61 p. cent of the cases and by caesarean section in 39 p. cent of the cases. During two 4-year periods (1981-1984 and 1985-1988), the rate of repeated caesarean sections increases from 36 to 41 p. cent with decrease of the number of uterine ruptures which however, persists (almost 5 p. cent of scarred uteruses). The type of scarring is the major risk factor with: segmental scarring (1.5 p. cent of ruptures), gynecological (5 p. cent), segmento-corporeal (26 p. cent) and corporeal (33 p. cent). Strict obstetrical monitoring permits to control this risk (25 p. cent of ruptures occur at home). It is the uterine rupture that determines the maternal risk (3 death scarred uteruses represent almost 40 p. cent of uterine ruptures 11) and result in 3 p. cent of the maternal mortality in the department. The perinatal mortality is 63.6 for 1,000. A dynamic test of the uterus requires an obstetrical decision taking into consideration the scar, essentially segmental transverse, the head delivery with favorable cephalo-pelvic comparison and a well-trained team. This choice is dictated by the maternal risk of caesarean section, 2 for 1,000 in Europe (14) and for 1,000 in the department and a persistent high mortality in children (97 for 1,000 in Gabon).

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of noradrenaline, adrenaline and acetylcholine on contractility of the uterus of the guinea pig after testosterone administration].

The reactivity of the isolated guinea pig uterus was studied after single (0.5 h before experiment) and repeated (7 days) in vivo testosterone administration in the dose of 10 mg.kg-1. In vitro testosterone was applied in the dose of 5.8 x 10(-5) mol. The reactivity of the isolated guinea pig uterus to norepinephrine, epinephrine, and acetylcholine was evaluated. These substances were applied cumulatively in doses of 10(-8) - 10(-4) mol.I-1. The changes of isometric contractions of the uterus were evaluated by the magnitude of the maximal response and by the pD2 value. The contractile response of the guinea pig uterus to all the mediators studied was decreased both after in vitro and in vivo administration of testosterone. The most pronounced change in the pD2 value was induced by single testosterone administration. The results suggest that, similarly as female sex hormones, testosterone may influence uterine function by its effect at receptor and nonreceptor level.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

The effect of fendiline on cAMP metabolism and activity of the isolated uterus of the rat.

Increasing concentrations of fendiline inhibit various types of muscle activation (KCl, oxytocin and electrical stimulation), as well as spontaneous rhythmic activity of the isolated uterus of the rat. Contrary to verapamil and nifedipine, fendiline in micromolar concentrations (from 1.5 to 15.5 mumol) affects various types of muscle activation almost to the same degree. Fendiline probably influences a common pathway in calcium metabolism in all types of muscle activation. The relaxant effect of fendiline does not depend on cAMP, being even associated with a significant decrease of the level of this nucleotide during electrical stimulation of the isolated uterus of the rat. Fendiline may have its place in the therapy of premature delivery and abortion, particularly because it exhibits lower selectivity in relation to the type of activation of the smooth muscle. Fendiline induces a stronger inhibition of the tonic than of the phasic component of contraction produced by oxytocin and KCl. Fendiline is more active against the oxytocin-induced contraction, probably due to an additional action on the fast Na+ channels. These findings indicate that KCl and oxytocin act through different calcium channels (voltage and receptor calcium channels). Our experiments in which fendiline inhibited more strongly the tonic than the phasic component of KCl-produced contraction also confirm the hypothesis on the existence of voltage calcium channels (or subtypes of one voltage calcium channel) in the isolated uterus of the rat. By adding calcium to the medium, almost all types of muscle activation are established, after the inhibitory action of fendiline, except its depressive action on the electrical stimulation of the isolated rat uterus. Calcium most effectively antagonizes the inhibitory effect of fendiline on spontaneous rhythmic activity. The finding that certain types of activation, after the inhibitory action of fendiline, occur to a different degree by addition of calcium to the medium, are also indirect confirmation of the existence of different calcium channels. Halothane, in a concentration of 1 vol %, did not change the relaxant action of fendiline during electrical stimulation and during spontaneous rhythmic activity.

Animals↗