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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1963

A POST-MORTEM STUDY OF GASTRIC AND DUODENAL PEPTIC LESIONS.

The overall incidence of peptic lesions in the reported series was 24.3%. Chronic peptic lesions were much higher in males (22.9%) than in females (12.2%). The incidence in males increased gradually from 19.6% in 1940-43 to 26.5% in 1956-58; in females there was an increase in the last few years only. Acute peptic lesions were approximately of the same incidence in males (6.3%) and in females (5.6%). In both sexes there was a sudden increase in frequency after 1949. Correlations have been demonstrated between acute peptic lesions and acute pathological conditions of the central nervous system, and between both acute and chronic lesions and chronic pulmonary diseases.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1999

Diagnostic accuracy of physician review, expert algorithms and data-derived algorithms in adult verbal autopsies.

BACKGROUND: The verbal autopsy (VA) is used to collect information on cause-specific mortality from bereaved relatives. A cause of death may be assigned by physician review of the questionnaires, or by an algorithm. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of physician review, an expert algorithm, and data-derived algorithms. METHODS: Data were drawn from a multicentre validation study of 796 adult deaths that occurred in hospitals in Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Ghana. A 'gold standard' cause of death was assigned using hospital records and death certificates. The VA interviews were carried out by trained fieldworkers 1-21 months after the subject's death. A cause of death was assigned by physician review and an expert algorithm. Data-derived algorithms that most accurately estimated the cause-specific mortality fraction (CSMF) for each cause of death were identified using logistic regression. RESULTS: The most common causes of death were tuberculosis/AIDS (CSMF = 18.6%), malaria (CSMF = 10.7%), meningitis (CSMF = 8.3%), and cardiovascular disorders (CSMF = 8.2%). The CSMF obtained using physician review was within +/-20% of the gold standard value for 12 causes of death including the four common causes. The CSMF obtained using the expert algorithm was within +/-20% of the gold standard for eight causes of death, including tuberculosis/AIDS, malaria, and meningitis. The CSMF obtained using the data-derived algorithms was within +/-20% of the gold standard for seven causes of death, including tuberculosis/ AIDS, meningitis, and cardiovascular disorders. All three methods yielded a specificity of at least 80% for all causes of death, and a sensitivity of at least 80% for deaths due to injuries and rabies. CONCLUSIONS: For those settings where physician review is not feasible, expert and data-derived algorithms provide an alternative approach for assigning many causes of death. We recommend that the algorithms proposed herein are validated further.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

[The functional characteristics of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in respiratory failure in patients with disseminated fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis].

Resulting from complex preoperative clinico-functional examination of the 50 patients with generalized fibro-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis, it was established that inclusion of compensatory mechanisms of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems was due to the development of chronic failure. Direction, pronouncement and interrelation of the main parameters of external respiration, oxygen transport and hemodynamics are determined by a degree of hypoxia.

Cardiovascular System↗