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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of ischemic cardiopathy by 2-dimensional echocardiography carried out after the bicycle ergometry test in the supine position: feasibility, sensibility and specificity].

We performed two dimensional echocardiography (2D ECO) after bicycle exercise obtained in supine position in 80 patients undergoing coronary angiography for the evaluation of chest pain. Adequate 2D images after exercise were recorded in 64/80 (80%) patients (pts). Forty pts had significative coronary artery disease (CAD), 24 had no CAD. Twenty-three CAD pts had left ventricle wall motion abnormalities (WMA) at rest; 17 pts had 1-, 11 2- and 12 3-vessels disease. The test was considered positive if WMA were present after exercise. Thirty-two CAD pts and 1 pt without CAD had WMA after exercise, thus sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 80% and 96%. In 1-, 2- and 3-vessels disease pts, sensitivity was, respectively, 71%, 91% and 83%. WMA were observed after exercise in 9/17 (53%) pts without WMA at rest. 2D Echo obtained after bicycle exercise performed in the supine position is a feasible, sensitive and specific technique to detect CAD.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1979

Reproducibility of ejection-fraction determinations by equilibrium radionuclide angiography in response to supine bicycle exercise: concise communication.

Sixteen patients with stable, chronic coronary artery disease were studied twice within and average of 15 days to evaluate the reproducibility of ejection fraction (EF) determined by equilibrium radionuclide angiography (EQ) at rest, during supine bicycle exercise (ex), and in the recovery period (rec). Following injection of 20--25 mCi of Tc-99m-tagged human serum albumin, data were analyzed for 2-min periods at rest, during several stages of exercise (submax, max), and during recovery (rec1 = minutes 2 + 3, rec2 = minutes 9 + 10). Each patient reached similar (heart rate) X (blood pressure) products in the two studies: 21280 +/- 5200 compared with 20390 +/- 4140 mmHg/min. Mean EFs for the first and second studies were: at rest (53.0 +/- 10.8)%, 52.5 +/- 10.4)% (r = 0.95; submax ex (51.4 +/- 12.0)%, (52.1 +/- 12.8)%, (r = 0.91); max ex (50.6 +/- 12.6)%, (51.6 +/- 12.9)% (r = 0.97); rec1 (62.7 +/- 11.6)%, (62.4 +/- 12.2)% (r = 0.95); rec2 (55.5 %/- 10.8)%, (57.2 +/- 11.7)% (r = 0.91). In stable patients, the reproducibility of EF determined by EQ is excellent during rest, supine bicycle exercise, and recovery from exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cardiac stress testing of hemiparetic patients with a supine bicycle ergometer: preliminary study.

Ten hemiparetic subjects underwent functional cardiac stress testing on a supine bicycle ergometer. Their heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and rate pressure product (RPP) were determined at rest and at incremental workloads. Three subjects with no previous history of coronary artery disease (CAD) had positive test results diagnostic or suggestive of CAD. None of the three subjects with a history of myocardial infarction displayed any ECG abnormalities during the exercise. The RPPs obtained during testing were compared to those recorded during various rehabilitation activities. As some difficulties arose in the performance and interpretation of the stress test in patients receiving beta-blocking medication and others with arthritis, spasticity, and orthopedic problems, procedures for handling these problems needed review. The supine bicycle proved to be an appropriate device for cardiac stress testing in a hemiparetic population.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Prone and supine views in double-contrast knee arthrography.

The addition of supine views to the standard double-contrast (DC) knee arthrogram with the patient prone can be useful (a) to diagnose meniscal tears not seen otherwise, (b) to provide a second look at an equivocal meniscal lesion, and (c) to enhance subject contrast in the presence of residual joint effusion, or when opaque medium has not adequately coated the interior surfaces of a large joint. In a prospective study of 137 patients, 30 meniscal tears were diagnosed, two of which were visible only on the supine films.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1982

Systolic time intervals during isometric exercise in supine position should be corrected also for arterial pressure.

In this paper we have studied the relationship between the systolic time intervals (STI) and the heart rate (HR) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) in a group of 24 healthy subjects at three different effort levels during an isometric exercise in supine position and in basal conditions. We observed a decrease of the non corrected STI values during the exercise. Then we corrected STI using the regression equations obtained by plotting STI values versus the corresponding HR values at rest and during the exercise. We showed an increase of corrected left ventricular ejection time (LVET) during the whole exercise, and an increase of corrected total electromechanical systole (QS2c) at 50% effort level and then a return to the basal values. We also derived the multiple regression equations correlating QS2 and LVET with HR and SAP. Notwithstanding these equations show a significant positive correlation between the two STI considered and SAP only at the maximum effort, we corrected LVET and QS2 values by these equations assuming that the relationship between these parameters exists also in basal conditions and during the remaining stages of the exercise. By this correction we found a decrease of LVETc and QS2c in accordance with hemodynamic data reported by other authors. We may conclude that it seems useful to correct the STI obtained during isometric exercise in supine position both for HR and SAP.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Asynergia in cerebellar ataxia--the significance of impairment of elbow fixation in forearm pronation-supination test].

Patients with cerebellar ataxia often show swing of the upper arms or the elbows in forearm pronation-supination test (FPS test). Eleven healthy volunteers and sixteen patients with cerebellar ataxia were examined. We observed FPS test of the subject with their shoulder and elbow joints being flexed at a right angle respectively in sitting position, and recorded them by VTR. We noticed following four points in FPS movement: 1) velocity and regularity, 2) amplitude, 3) finger posture, 4) state of elbow fixation. We recorded surface EMG of the upper arm-fixing muscles (deltoid, pectoralis major, infraspinatus) and the forearm-moving muscles (biceps brachii, pronator teres). In controls, FPS movements were regular and speedy. The upper arm was so well fixed that the elbow did not swing. Continuous discharges were recorded from upper arm-fixing muscles when the upper arm was lifting. Reciprocal grouping discharges were recorded during FPS movements from upper arm-fixing muscles so that they were suppressing the swing of the elbow. In ataxic patients, FPS movements were dysrhythmic and slow. The elbow swung during FPS test. We observed internal rotation and abduction of the shoulder when forearm pronated, and outer rotation and adduction of the shoulder when forearm supinated. Reciprocal grouping discharges that were reverse of normal ones were recorded from upper arm-fixing muscles so that they were aggravating the swing of the elbow. Synergia is an ability to accomplish the various muscle contractions coordinately when making up a certain action. Asynergia is one of the characteristic features of disturbance of the association of muscle contractions of the upper arm and the forearm. FPS test is easy and useful to detect asynergia of the upper extremity in cerebellar ataxia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Is the relationship between supine blood pressure and postural changes in blood pressure artefactual? Results from the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is an association between initial supine blood pressure and postural changes in blood pressure (standing minus supine blood pressure). METHODS: Using data from the Kuopio (Finland) Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD), we simulated the problem and found the suggested solution based on the work of Blomqvist. We then applied the Blomqvist correction to the KIHD data with real measurement errors. RESULTS: The observed regression slope was substantially reduced, indicating that there is no relationship between the initial blood pressure and the postural change in blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Only the broad application of the method of Blomqvist to other data sets will determine the generalizability of the present finding that initial blood pressure is unrelated to the postural change in blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Anatomic and radiographic appearance of a sesamoid bone in the tendon of origin of the supinator muscle of the cat.

Results of radiologic and anatomic studies of each cubital articulation (elbow) of a group of 50 adult cat cadavers indicated that a sesamoid bone may be located in a constantly present sesamoid cartilage associated with the tendon of origin of the supinator muscle. Radiography revealed a sesamoid bone in 40 of the 100 tendons of origin of the supinator muscles dissected from the elbows. The sesamoid bone articulated with the craniolateral aspect of the head of the radius, and the larger sesamoid cartilage, which contained the bone, articulated with the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus. Of several possible functions of the sesamoid cartilage (bone), it was considered that protection of the craniolateral part of the humeroradial articulation and maintenance of the complex anatomic system during joint movement were important. In radiographic views of the elbows of lame cats, the sesamoid bone should not be mistaken for a chip fracture or an osteocartilaginous loose body.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Low-volume supine peritoneal dialysis in a chronic obstructive airway disease patient.

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) may not be tolerated by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because of increased abdominal pressure in the standing position after instillation of peritoneal fluid. We report, here, a patient with COPD who had marked distress while on CAPD but was more comfortable with supine intermittent peritoneal dialysis. It is probable that the continuous high intraperitoneal pressure during CAPD caused diaphragmatic fatigue. During intermittent peritoneal dialysis, the supine position induces the least increase in intraperitoneal pressure; it may be the preferred mode of peritoneal dialysis for patients with COPD.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Effect of upright and supine posture on hypoxemia during air transport.

BACKGROUND: Change in body position can cause hypoxemia at sea level in patients with lung diseases. Because of concern for the added risk of hypoxemia during air transport, we investigated the effect of body position on arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) in individuals with lung disease under conditions of hypobaric hypoxia. METHOD: The study groups consisted of 8 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, 4 patients with interstitial lung disease, and 6 healthy subjects. We obtained samples from radial artery catheters at sea level (SL) and altitude (ALT) simulation of 8000 ft (2438 m) in a hypobaric chamber in supine and upright postures. RESULTS: Altitude exposure did not result in a significant change in mean supine minus mean upright PaO2 (dPaO2); however, some individuals had large changes at SL. Moreover, the variance for dPaO2 was significantly smaller at ALT compared to SL with all groups combined (F test, p < 0.05). We found no correlation between dPaO2 at SL vs. ALT (p = 0.293; r = 0.262; n = 18). At both SL and ALT, dPaCO2 correlated negatively with dpH. At SL, dPaO2 did not correlate with either dPaCO2 or dpH; at ALT dPaO2 correlated with dpH (p < 0.05) and correlated negatively with dPaCO2 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: We conclude that significantly less postural variation in PaO2 occurs at moderate ALT compared to SL. In our patients with diffuse bilateral pulmonary disease, postural change did not contribute significantly to hypoxemia experienced at ALT. We infer that greater ventilatory response to hypoxemia at ALT in either posture may explain this finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Radiologically detectable changes in the radial annular ligament and the supinator muscle of the domestic cat (Felis catus)].

Elbow joints of a random sample of 59 cats were investigated by means of X-rays and dissection as well as histologically and by making cuts through synthetic resin-embedded joints. Bone-dense shadow craniolateral to the elbow joint was observed in X-ray images of 23 limbs (about 20%). Furthermore 8 of these 23 elbow joints (about 7%) showed signs of arthrotic alteration. Histologic examination revealed one or more centers of metaplasia of varying status of development of the annular ligament of the radius. Alterations varied from chondroid metaplasia to mineralisation and ossification. They turned out to be located in the area where the annular ligament of the radius crosses the tendon of origin of the supinator muscle and are considered to be a reaction of tough connective tissue to mechanical stress. Compressive forces seem to be less responsible than tensile stress. As soon as bone-dense shadow is observed in X-ray images, alterations have grown so far as the annular ligament of the radius as well as the tendon of origin of the supinator muscle are affected.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic value of supine scintigraphic heart function and simultaneous conventional exercise response in patients after myocardial infarction.

A total of 240 survivors of one or more myocardial infarctions were consecutively admitted to perform supine exercise radionuclide ventriculography. Within 3 years after the test, 22 died; this group was compared to an age-matched control group of 22 survivors for left and right ventricular function during rest, exercise, and simultaneously assessed exercise performance as well as ECG variables. Evaluation of 3-year survival by linear discriminant analysis revealed an accuracy of 82% for discriminant models using ECG and exercise performance variables. Implementation of resting left ventricular ejection fraction and change of right ventricular ejection fraction during exercise, as well as scintigraphic presence or absence of dyskinesia, improved the accuracy of the model to 91% of correctly classified patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Prediction of left ventricular function during supine bicycle ergometer exercise in angina-free patients with old myocardial infarction.

We investigated whether or not left ventricular function during dynamic exercise in angina-free patients with old myocardial infarction could be estimated using resting left ventricular function and noninvasive parameters determined during exercise. We studied 70 patients with old myocardial infarction by measuring hemodynamic parameters during supine multistage bicycle ergometer exercise. Coronary arteriography and left ventriculography were performed: then the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic volume were measured. The parametric changes (delta) between rest and peak exercise were determined. Significant positive correlations were observed between cardiac index (CI) at rest and at peak exercise (r = 0.62, p less than 0.001), as well as between pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) at rest and at peak exercise (r = 0.72, p less than 0.001). Multiple regression analysis indicated that CI and PAWP at peak exercise as dependent variables were best described by the equations: CI at peak exercise = 1.074 [CIrest] +0.031 [delta HR] + 0.004 [ExD] + 0.018 [LVEF] - 1.560 (r = 0.79, p less than 0.001), PAWP at peak exercise = 0.994 [PAWPrest] - 0.181 [LVEF] + 0.203 [delta DBP] -0.076 [delta HR] -21.488 (r = 0.80, p less than 0.001). These data suggested that CI and PAWP during dynamic exercise in angina-free patients with old myocardial infarction could be predicted using noninvasive parameters, such as increments of blood pressure and heart rate as well as exercise duration, together with data on resting left ventricular function, such as resting CI, resting PAWP, and resting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The supine position for transsphenoidal surgery.

The supine position has been routinely used for transphenoidal microsurgery in our department since 1973. We had 404 patients, 387 of whom had pituitary micro-or macroadenomas. It is always satisfactory, allowing a very good control of intraoperative arterial pressure and prevention of air embolism. It is also comfortable for both surgeons.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of arginine-vasopressin on regional blood volume distribution in supine humans.

In healthy humans, the increase in arterial blood pressure seen in patients with autonomic dysfunction in response to exogenous vasopressin (AVP) is abolished. We tested the hypothesis that redistribution of blood from the intra- to the extrathoracic vascular compartment might contribute to this buffer response. Regional distribution of 99mTc labeled autologous red cells was assessed in healthy supine volunteers (n = 7) during arginine-vasopressin administration (1 ng.kg-1 bolus i.v. followed by a 14-min infusion of 3 ng.kg-1 x min-1), along with arterial and central venous pressures, and heart rate. Exogenous vasopressin increased plasma vasopressin concentration from 4.0 +/- 1.4 SEM to 91 pg.ml-1 +/- 12. Thoracic counts increased slightly but significantly by 2.2% +/- 0.9, while global abdominal counts remained unchanged. Most surprisingly, counts in the liver markedly increased (+8.1% +/- 1.8, p = 0.02), but significantly decreased in the spleen (-3.1% +/- 1.4). Intestinal (-2.5% +/- 2.4) and limb counts did not change significantly. Consistent with the increase in thoracic counts central venous pressure increased from 3.6 mmHg +/- 1 to 4.7 +/- 1 (p = 0.02), while arterial pressure and heart rate did not change. All changes reversed towards baseline when vasopressin administration ceased. Thus, in humans with an intact autonomic system, vasopressin, at concentrations observed during hypotension, increases liver and, albeit to a small extent, also thoracic blood volume, but decreases splenic blood content. These results: 1) are incompatible with the hypothesis that AVP induces a shift of blood from intra- to extrathoracic capacitance vessels, and 2) show that AVP increases rather than decreases central blood volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Left ventricle haemodynamics and vaso-active hormones during graded supine exercise in healthy male subjects.

Left ventricle systolic and diastolic functional parameters were measured by gated equilibrium radionuclide cardiography in 12 healthy men (age 33-51 years) at rest and during graded supine exercise. The leftventricle end-diastolic volume showed an initial small (11%) increase during low submaximal exercise [from mean 163 (SD 40) at rest to mean 181 (SD 48) ml], while left ventricle end-systolic volume decreased successively [from mean 59 (SD 19) to mean 39 (SD 21) ml] with increasing exercise. Stroke volume was therefore elevated at all exercise levels compared with rest [mean 104 (SD 23) ml], and the peak value [mean 128 (SD 33) ml] was found at the lowest exercise level, contributing 40% to the initial increase in cardiac output. Cardiac output increased from mean 6.2 (SD 1.4) at rest to mean 20.2 (SD 5.0) l.min-1 at maximum. Left ventricle peak ejection and peak filling rates increased from mean 449 (SD 89) and mean 442 (SD 85) ml.s-1 at rest to mean 996 (SD 227) and mean 1255 (SD 333) ml.s-1, respectively, at maximum. The myocardium oxygen consumption, assumed to be proportional to the sum of the stroke work and the potential energy, increased fourfold, but absolute values were twice as high as expected, indicating that extrapolation from data obtained in dog hearts (as we have done) cannot be directly applied to humans. Selected vaso-active hormones were measured at all exercise intensities. Noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A) and angiotensin II (AII) concentrations showed a very pronounced increase at maximal exercise compared with the preceding lower intensites, while atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and cyclic guanosinemonophosphate (cGMP) concentrations showed a more continuous increase, and dopamine (DA) remained almost unchanged. This speaks in favour of a crucial role for NA, A and AII in preserving blood pressure at maximum exercise, while DA probably has no importance for the cardiovascular homeostasis during exercise. Increases in concentrations of ANF and cGMP were highly correlated (r = 0.86). Our data supported the opinion that there is a cardiac limitation to maximal performance connected to the cardiac pumping capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Is there a relationship between supine systemic blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension in the elderly?

The relationship between blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension was studied in 48 elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension and 29 healthy age-matched controls. Individuals were designated as hypertensive (systolic > 160 and or diastolic > 90 mmHg) or normotensive on the basis of supine blood pressure levels. Systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, cardiac index and total peripheral resistance were measured every 5 min before, during and after 10 min head-up tilt to 70 degrees. Eighteen orthostatic hypotension subjects and six controls were hypertensive, while 30 orthostatic hypotension subjects and 23 controls were normotensive. There were no differences between hypertensive and normotensive patients in mean age, weight, height or body surface area. Mean systolic blood pressure in orthostatic hypotension subjects was higher than in controls (148.8 +/- 3.6 vs. 137.5 +/- 3.34 mmHg). Mean diastolic pressure was not different (79.1 +/- 2.0 vs. 79.0 +/- 2.0 mmHg). There were no differences between patients with or without hypertension in the haemodynamic changes produced by head-up tilt. Heart rates in orthostatic hypotension subjects with hypertension were significantly lower throughout the study when compared with normotensive orthostatic hypotension patients. Further, the increases in heart rate on tilting were significantly smaller (8.4 +/- 1.9 vs. 14.5 +/- 1.8 beats/min). Control hypertensive subjects had significantly higher mean cardiac output and cardiac index compared with non-hypertensives from before and during tilt. We conclude that hypertension is not related to the development or the degree of orthostatic hypotension in the elderly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗