Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Retinal Neoplasms”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Uncommon presentation of pediatric ruptured intracranial aneurysm after radiotherapy for retinoblastoma. Case report.

OBJECTIVE: Radiation-induced intracranial aneurysms are a rare entity with high mortality. Their pathogenesis is still in debate. Their unique anatomy and behavior should be considered when deciding the proper management. A background of radiation, uncommon anatomic aspects, age of presentation, and location guide us to suspect a radiation-induced etiology. We report the case of a pediatric patient with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm, who previously received radiation therapy to the orbits. We aim to contribute to the literature of this uncommon condition and stress the importance of its prompt diagnosis and treatment. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 12-year-old boy, who received radiation therapy for recurrent bilateral retinoblastomas at age 4 months, suddenly developed severe headache associated with nausea and vomiting. A computed tomography scan revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage. A 4-vessel cerebral angiogram revealed a 2-mm aneurysm in the right A1 segment. The aneurysm was clipped successfully with excellent outcome. After 3 years of follow-up, the patient remains neurologically intact and asymptomatic. A new computed tomography angiogram revealed no new aneurysms. CONCLUSION: Vascular abnormalities develop after radiation injury to the brain. Aneurysm formation after radiation therapy has been previously reported, probably secondary to endothelial injury. In this case, early presentation, unusual anatomy, location, and small size at rupture, in contrast with saccular aneurysms, suggest a radiation-induced etiology.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

Peripheral fading with monocular and binocular viewing.

This study measured the fading times of peripheral targets as a function of whether viewing was monocular or binocular, and of brightness contrast. Data from a binocularly normal group showed Troxler fading to be significantly faster with monocular (i.e., patched) than with binocular viewing. In contrast, one-eyed observers showed significantly longer fading times than the two-eyed observers viewing monocularly and equivalent times to their binocular viewing. A control experiment showed that these findings were not due to worse fixation stability, larger pupil sizes, or an unusually large blinking rate in the enucleated group. The enucleated group actually exhibited a slight miosis, equivalent fixation stability, and a normal blinking rate. In both experiments, the times to fading of all observers were a function of brightness contrast. We conclude that in binocularly normal observers patching or closing one eye does not produce monocular vision but rather a condition of weak binocular rivalry, and that the absence of inhibitory binocular interactions in the enucleated group may explain, in part, their resistance to fading and their superior performance in other contrast-defined tasks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Tubercular endophthalmitis simulating retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: To report a case of tubercular endophthalmitis simulating retinoblastoma. METHODS: Case report. An 8-year-old female presented with a history of complete loss of vision and a white pupillary reflex in the left eye of 3 month's duration. RESULTS: Retinoblastoma could not be excluded on the basis of clinical examination and relevant investigational studies. In the left eye, a computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a large vitreous mass with foci of calcification. Enucleation in the left eye was performed, and histopathological examination revealed a chronic granulomatous endophthalmitis and acid-fast bacilli consistent with tubercular pathology. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates that tubercular endophthalmitis with leukocoria and a vitreous mass containing focal calcification may simulate retinoblastoma.

Blindness↗
PubMed2002

Retinoblastoma in a patient with an X;13 translocation and facial abnormalities consistent with 13q-syndrome.

PURPOSE: To report a patient with an X;13 translocation and facial features of 13q-syndrome who developed retinoblastoma. DESIGN: Observational case report. METHODS: A 9-month-old girl known to have an X;13 chromosomal translocation with a break point at 13q12.1 and dysmorphic facial features characteristic of 13q-syndrome presented with leukocoria in her right eye. RESULTS: By clinical examination, retinoblastoma was diagnosed in the right eye. CONCLUSION: Chromosomal abnormalities on the long arm of chromosome 13 predispose to retinoblastoma formation and characteristic facial features.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13↗
PubMed2002

Osseous choristoma of the conjunctiva simulating extraocular extension of retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: To report the clinicopathologic features of an epibulbar osseous choristoma simulating extraocular extension of retinoblastoma. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 7-month-old male presented with a unilateral intraocular mass localized to the temporal retina and a white pedunculated lesion extending from the conjunctiva, anterior to the insertion of the lateral rectus muscle. Clinical examination and computed tomography scan findings led to the diagnosis of retinoblastoma with extraocular extension. The child underwent excision of the epibulbar lesion and enucleation of the globe. RESULTS: The histopathologic examination of the epibulbar lesion revealed an osseous choristoma. The intraocular contents displayed features typical of retinoblastoma without extraocular extension. CONCLUSION: An epibulbar osseous choristoma can simulate extraocular extension of retinoblastoma in an eye harboring the intraocular malignancy.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2003

Resolution of leukemic retinopathy following treatment with imatinib mesylate for chronic myelogenous leukemia.

PURPOSE: To report a case of leukemic retinopathy before and after treatment with imatinib mesylate (formerly STI-571) for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 58-year-old man diagnosed with stable phase CML (SP-CML) presented with blurry vision. Fundoscopy revealed several flame-shaped hemorrhages in the macular region in both eyes. One month after this initial visit, imatinib therapy was initiated. RESULTS: : The patient noticed improvement in his visual as well as his medical symptoms; on repeat examination 6 months after the initial visit, the retinal hemorrhages had resolved and remained so after 18 months. CONCLUSIONS: Imatinib appears to be an effective treatment for SP-CML, and the improvement in visual and medical symptoms in our case report correlates with this.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

Treatment of von Hippel-Lindau retinal hemangioblastoma by the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor SU5416 is more effective for associated macular edema than for hemangioblastomas.

PURPOSE: To test the efficacy of the novel vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor SU5416, in a case of refractory von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) retinal hemangioblastoma (RHB). DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: Patient included in a multicenter phase II trial. A 30-year-old woman presenting with VHL disease and multiple RHB on her only eye, refractory to conventional treatments, had decreased visual acuity due to cystoid macular edema (CME). SU5416 was administered intravenously for 7 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Under treatment, the size of the RHB did not change, but CME improved significantly. Best-corrected visual acuity rose from 20/40 to 20/25. However, CME recurred after the end of the treatment. CONCLUSION: The VEGF receptor inhibitor SU5416 failed to reduce the size of RHB but was very effective for the associated CME.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A technique for suturing peripapillary radioactive plaques.

PURPOSE: To describe a technique for suturing radioactive plaques positioned posteriorly and adjacent to the optic nerve. METHODS: Posterior and juxtapapillary notched radioactive iodine-125 plaques were sutured using four 5/0 nylon sutures. Two sutures were placed in the sclera at the anterior border of the plaque position and passed through the eyelets at the anterior edge of the plaque. Two sutures were attached to the posterior eyelets and brought to either side of the optic nerve, under the rectus muscles, to be sutured to sclera anterior to the insertion of the recti muscles. The position of the plaques was documented intraoperatively using sterile B-scan ultrasonography. RESULTS: Plaques positioned and sutured using this technique were found by ultrasonography to be tight up against the sclera and optic nerve.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1999

Cutaneous melanoma-associated paraneoplastic retinopathy: histopathologic observations.

PURPOSE: To describe the retinal histopathology of paraneoplastic retinopathy associated with cutaneous melanoma. METHODS: A 59-year-old man had visual loss attributable to paraneoplastic retinopathy and died of metastatic cutaneous melanoma. His eyes were studied by conventional histopathologic techniques. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination of both eyes disclosed a marked reduction in the density of bipolar neurons in the inner nuclear layer; photoreceptor cell neurons in the outer nuclear layer were normal. Ganglion cells were present, although many showed evidence of transsynaptic atrophy. CONCLUSION: The histopathologic changes observed are consistent with clinical, immunologic, and electrophysiologic data that implicate the bipolar cell as the major site of the paraneoplastic process in cutaneous melanoma-associated retinopathy.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1999

Retinal oligodendroglioma.

PURPOSE: To report a case of oligodendroglioma originating from the accessory glia of retina. METHOD: Case report of a 72-year-old woman with a tumor in the temporal fundus of the right eye that was suspected to be choroidal melanoma. Enucleation was declined, but 5 years later, because of tumor growth, pain, and loss of light perception, the globe was enucleated. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination disclosed a neuroepithelial tumor with a structure of oligodendroglioma. Melanoma and metastatic tumor were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: Oligodendrogliomas are rare in the retina but may originate from retinal oligodendrocytes. This case suggests that the differential diagnosis of choroidal melanoma should include the possibility of oligodendroglioma.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Discordant retinoblastoma in monozygotic twins.

PURPOSE: We report cases of discordant retinoblastoma in twins confirmed to be monozygotic by DNA analysis. METHODS: Twin A demonstrated severe, bilateral, multifocal retinoblastoma, which was recalcitrant to external beam irradiation and chemoreduction. Twin B has not demonstrated retinoblastoma. DNA analysis was performed with polymorphic microsatellite markers to confirm monozygosity. Single-stranded conformation polymorphism and Southern blot analysis of the retinoblastoma gene were performed. RESULTS: Molecular genetic analyses confirmed monozygosity but failed to disclose a retinoblastoma gene mutation in either twin. CONCLUSIONS: The extreme phenotypic discordance may best be explained by an unidentified, postzygotic retinoblastoma gene mutation in early embryonic development of the affected twin.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed2000

Cox-2 expression in retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: Cox-2, a prostaglandin synthase, is overexpressed in colorectal cancers and is involved in angiogenesis as well as in tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigate the expression of Cox-2 in retinoblastoma. METHODS: Twenty-nine formalin-fixed retinoblastoma specimens were examined by the labeled-streptavidin-biotin method using anti-Cox-2 antibody. RESULTS: Cox-2 positive immunoreactions were observed in 28 (96%) of 29 retinoblastomas specimens. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study suggests the overexpression of Cox-2 in both differentiated and undifferentiated retinoblastoma and its possible role in tumorigenesis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

Siblings of retinoblastoma patients: are we underestimating their risk?

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical presentation of probable germ-line mosaicism in four retinoblastoma kindreds. METHODS: Review of 255 retinoblastoma patients and their family records in a University of California, San Francisco-Bascom Palmer database to identify those with potential germ-line mosaicism. Parents and siblings of retinoblastoma patients were given comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations. RESULTS: Four kindreds were identified, wherein retinoblastoma was diagnosed in two siblings and both parents demonstrated no evidence of retinoblastoma or retinocytoma. CONCLUSION: Clinical appearance of germ-line mosaicism is demonstrated in our retinoblastoma patient populations. We recommend routine clinical screening of all parents and siblings of retinoblastoma patients to provide more accurate genetic counseling and to allow earlier examination and treatment of children at presymptomatic disease stages. Germ-line mosaicism must be considered as a genetic transmission pattern in these patients, and genetic counseling should specifically recognize this possibility. If a parent is germ-line mosaic, the possibility of bearing a second child with retinoblastoma is clearly higher than conventionally believed.

Female↗
PubMed2003

Effect of gamma-synuclein overexpression on matrix metalloproteinases in retinoblastoma Y79 cells.

gamma-Synuclein is a small cytoplasmic protein implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. However, the mechanism of its involvement in diseases is not clear. We studied the role of gamma-synuclein in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in retinoblastoma cell culture. Matrix metalloproteinases play important roles in the remodeling of extracellular matrix implicated in tumor progression and in the neurodegenerative diseases. Western blot and zymography data demonstrated a moderate elevation of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and significant upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases-9 in stable cell lines overexpressing gamma-synuclein. No effect of gamma-synuclein overexpression on matrix metalloproteinases-1 level or activity was found. Chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase assay demonstrated that overexpression of gamma-synuclein increases the efficiency of the matrix metalloproteinases-9 promoter. This increment of promoter activity may be mediated by the AP-1 binding site(s), since point mutations in one of these sites (Pr18 or Pr19) and elimination of the distal AP-1 site (Pr14) reduced the increment of promoter activity.

Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase↗
PubMed2003

Microdissection combined with the polymerase chain reaction to identify potentiating viral co-infection in patients with HIV/AIDS with ocular infection.

BACKGROUND: In the presence of several coexisting infections, superimposed tissue necrosis or tissue metaplasia, it may be difficult to recognize standard histologic morphology on hematoxylin-eosin slides. Tissue microdissection combined with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR-MD) offers the advantages of high specificity and relative speed. The objective of this study was to describe the use of PCR-MD in identifying potentiating viral co-infection in patients with HIV/AIDS with retinitis and choroiditis. METHODS: Eyes from two patients with HIV/AIDS with several ocular infections were studied by a variety of techniques, including standard histologic examination, immunochemistry, electron microscopy and in situ hybridization. PCR-MD was used to identify coexisting viral infections. RESULTS: Histologic examination showed cytomegalovirus retinitis in both cases. Use of PCR-MD allowed the identification of Epstein-Barr virus within a zone of fulminant varicella-zoster virus retinitis in one patient. PCR-MD confirmed the presence of human herpesvirus 8 in the second patient, who had ocular lymphoma. INTERPRETATION: PCR-MD can be used to demonstrate coexisting viral infection in ocular specimens from patients with unusually fulminant courses. Co-infections may contribute to the observed clinical course and should be considered in patients with rapid progression or unusual presentation.

Adult↗