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Results for “Reproductive Rights”

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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

The morality of assisted reproduction and genetic manipulation.

The author analyzes the pros and cons of various forms of assisted reproduction, including the use of so-called 'genetic manipulation'. He shows how in ethics the only arguments with any chance of reaching a consensus (or at least an agreement) are those of the rational type, based on universally acceptable ethical principles or corroborated by empirical facts and real life experience (as the starting point for identifying problems requiring analysis). After an analysis in which he identifies the incoherence and inconsistency of arguments against assisted reproduction, the author defends the right of human beings to decide autonomously about the most healthy forms of procreation, including those involving genetic manipulation. His starting point is the moral principle by which it is morally preferable to intervene in natural processes (as opposed to not intervening) whenever this implies preventing and reducing disease and suffering.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1987

Procreative liberty, embryos, and collaborative reproduction: a legal perspective.

This article discusses the implications of a constitutionally protected right to procreate using a wide range of reproductive choices made possible by noncoital reproductive technologies, including embryo freezing and donation and surrogate gestation. After establishing the constitutional basis for a positive right to procreate, it discusses the extent to which concerns about the welfare of embryos, offspring, donors, and surrogates justifies limitation on reproductive choice involving these technologies. While tangible harm to offspring and protection of the free choice of reproductive collaborators may justify regulation, moral condemnation of noncoital techniques and concerns about the reifying effects of their use are an insufficient basis for state restriction.

Child↗
PubMed2000

The role and limitations of the Cairo International Conference on Population and Development.

Population questions have always aroused controversy, but the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) which took place in Cairo in September 1994 was particularly contentious. Yet a consensus emerged among stakeholders previously holding quite divergent positions. A "new paradigm" in population policy emerged from the conference which shifted emphasis from a macro concern with rapid population growth to individual rights in sexuality and reproduction. This consensus has been widely praised, but was far from predictable. It was arrived at through a complicated inter-weaving of interests, movements and intellectual trends, as well as owing much to the particular nature of politics--both global and national--at the time. This paper is an analysis of the policy and substantive significance of the ICPD within the context of the history of UN-sponsored population conferences. It explores how the outcome of the conference was perceived by the various interest groups which played a major role in determining its policy directions, and enumerates some of the critiques of its Programme of Action from different perspectives. It reports on progress and obstacles to implementation of its recommendations within a changed political and economic context than that prevailing in 1994.

Health Policy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Memory disorders in patients with saccular aneurysms of the internal carotid arteries].

Neuropsychological analysis of disorders of memory in patients with sacculated aneurysms of the internal carotid arteries, 14 of whom were examined in the immediate and 30 in the remote periods after the hemorrhage, showed that the side of the lesion may be judged by the character of these disorders. The disorders of memory were of a modally-specific character and emerged in the link of direct reproduction in aneurysms of the right internal carotid artery and in the link of delayed (under conditions of interference) reproduction in aneurysms of the left internal carotid artery. The general cerebral signs in the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage are also manifested specifically in the structure of the memory defect.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Human cloning and human dignity.

Judging from the official documents dealing with the moral and legal aspects of human reproductive cloning there seems to be a nearly worldwide consensus that reproductive cloning is incompatible with human dignity. The certainty of this judgement is, however, not matched by corresponding arguments. Is the incompatibility of reproductive with human dignity an ultimate moral intuition closed to further argument? The paper considers several ways by which the intuition might be connected with more familiar applications of the concept of human dignity, and argues that there is no such connection. It concludes that the central objections to human reproductive cloning are not objections relating to dignity but objections relating to risk, especially the risks imposed on children born in the course of testing the method's safety.

Cloning, Organism↗