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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Comparison of microleakage for three one-bottle and three multiple-step dentin bonding agents.

PURPOSE: This in vitro study compared the ability of several recently introduced 1-bottle adhesives to their preceding multiple-step dentin bonding agents in reducing microleakage around Class V composite restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Facial and lingual Class V cavities were prepared in 48 molar teeth, which were randomly divided into 6 equal groups. Three groups used the fourth-generation multiple-step systems, and 3 used the fifth-generation single-bottle adhesives. All cavities were restored by composite and subjected to thermocycling and intermittent occlusal loading. After immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin, the teeth were cut faciolingually in 5 consecutive sections and evaluated for dye penetration using a binocular stereomicroscope. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of microleakage comparing the adhesive's generation and manufacturer and the location of the cavity margins. A significant interaction was found between margin location and manufacturer, which implied that the sealing capacity at the enamel and cementum margins was material-specific. CONCLUSION: Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and Single Bond adhesives provided the best seal for enamel margins, and One-Step and Optibond FL adhesives were best for cementum margins.

Adhesives↗
PubMed2006

Sentinel node biopsy using dye and isotope double tracers in early gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: The results of sentinel node (SN) biopsy have been improved by the use of dye and isotope double tracers in melanoma and breast cancer. However, the usefulness of this double tracer technique has not been determined in gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of improving SN biopsy results by using double tracers in gastric cancer. METHODS: Sixty-four gastric adenocarcinoma patients preoperatively diagnosed as cT1N0, were enrolled in the study. (99m)Tc tin colloid was injected by preoperative endoscopy, and lymphoscintigraphy was performed prior to operation. After laparotomy, isosulfan blue was intraoperatively injected using an endoscope. Blue-stained or radioactive nodes were identified and defined as SNs. Gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy was performed in all patients. All dissected lymph nodes were evaluated for metastasis by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: SN detection rates using dye, isotope, or both tracers were 95.3%, 84.4%, and 96.9%, respectively, and their corresponding sensitivities were 52.9%, 52.9%, and 70.6%. In the pT1 subset, the sensitivity of the double tracer was 87.5%; and in a subset of tumors with diameter <4.5 cm, this was also 87.5%. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm that SN biopsy results are improved by using double tracers in gastric cancer and suggest that SN biopsy is suitable in cases of small-sized early gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Biotransformation of malachite green by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTCC 463.

In recent years, use of microbial biomass for decolourization of textile industry wastewater is becoming a promising alternative in which some bacteria and fungi are used to replace present treatment processes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTCC 463 decolourized the triphenylmethane dyes (malachite green, cotton blue, methyl violet and crystal violet) by biosorption, showing different decolourization patterns. However, malachite green decolourized by biosorption at the initial stage and further biodegradation occurred, about 85% in plain distilled water within 7 h, and about 95.5% in 5% glucose medium within 4 h, under aerobic conditions and at room temperature. Decolourization of malachite green depends on various conditions, such as concentration of dye, concentration of cells, composition of medium and agitation. HPLC, UV-VIS, FTIR and TLC analysis of samples extracted with ethyl acetate from decolourized culture flasks confirmed the biodegradation of malachite green into several metabolites. A study of the enzymes responsible for the biodegradation of malachite green in the control and cells obtained after decolourization showed the activities of laccase, lignin peroxidase, NADH-DCIP reductase, malachite green reductase and aminopyrine N-demethylase in control cells. A significant increase in the activities of NADH-DCIP reductase and MG reductase was observed in the cells obtained after decolourization, indicating a major involvement of reductases in malachite green degradation.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed2000

Microleakage study of flowable composite resin systems.

The purpose of this in vitro microleakage study was to evaluate four low-viscosity composite resin systems. Each resin system included the corresponding bonding agent for each respective flowable composite. A hybrid material was used as a control. A total of 75 noncarious, freshly extracted human teeth were prepared with a Class 5 occlusal preparation and a gingival preparation at the cementoenamel junction. The materials were inserted according to the manufacturers' recommendations using the single-component bonding agent for each system. Teeth were thermocycled 800 times between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C with 30-second dwell times. The teeth were then coated with nail polish 1 mm short of the restoration, placed in a basic fuchsin dye for 24 hours, and sectioned with a diamond wheel. Enamel and dentin/cementum margins were analyzed for microleakage on a scale of 0 (no leakage) to 3 (axial wall). Results were evaluated with the Fisher's exact test. The results of the study indicate that there was no leakage at the enamel margin of any restorations. No statistically significant differences in microleakage were found in dentin/cementum margins among the samples in the experimental group or between the experimental group and control group. The results indicate flowable composites demonstrate resistance to microleakage in both enamel and cementum/dentin margins similar to TPH hybrid composite.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed2001

Lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel node localization in breast cancer patients: a comparison between 1-day and 2-day protocols.

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to compare the results of isotope injection the morning of surgery (1-d protocol) with isotope injection the day before surgery (2-d protocol) in patients having sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for breast cancer. METHODS: The 1-d (protocol 1) and 2-d (protocol 2) protocols included 514 and 152 patients, respectively, treated contemporaneously by surgeons experienced with the SLN biopsy technique. All had preoperative lymphoscintigraphy (LSG) and SLN biopsy using both blue dye and (99m)Tc-sulfur colloid. All patients had a single-site intradermal injection of unfiltered (99m)Tc-sulfur colloid in 0.05 mL normal saline: 3.7 MBq (0.1 mCi) on the morning of surgery for protocol 1 and 18.5 MBq (0.5 mCi) on the afternoon before surgery for protocol 2. RESULTS: The patients in protocols 1 and 2 were comparable in terms of age, tumor size, tumor location, histologic type, node positivity, and frequency of a previous surgical biopsy. Comparing protocols 1 and 2, early (30 min) LSG images found the SLN equally often (69% vs. 68%). Isotope identified the SLN equally often at surgery (93% vs. 97%) as did isotope plus dye (98% vs. 99%). A comparable number of SLNs was found (2.5 vs. 2.8 per axilla), and the concordance between isotope and dye in the SLN was also comparable (97% vs. 95%). Late LSG images (at 2 h, possible only for protocol 2) identified the SLN in significantly more patients compared with early images (86% vs. 68%). CONCLUSION: With unfiltered (99m)Tc-sulfur colloid injected intradermally, the results of SLN biopsy under the 1-d and 2-d protocols are virtually identical. A 2-d protocol allows increased efficiency in scheduling, both for nuclear medicine physicians and for the operating room, with no compromise in the effectiveness of SLN mapping.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retention, marginal leakage, and cement solubility of provisional crowns cemented with temporary cement containing stannous fluoride.

PURPOSE: This in vitro study investigated the (1) retention and microleakage of provisional crowns cemented with temporary cements to which stannous fluoride (SnF2) was added, and (2) solubility of these cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Provisional crowns were constructed of acrylic resin with shoulder preparations for 12 molars. The crowns were luted with Tempbond, Tempbond NE, and Freegenol temporary cements, and also with SnF2 added to these cements. Specimens were thermocycled 100 times, stored for 6 days, and immersed in 0.5% basic fuschin. Seven days after cementation, crown removal (retention) tests were conducted. Marginal leakage was assessed using a five-level scale to score dye penetration. Solubility in water of the cements with and without SnF2 was assessed using cement disks. RESULTS: Freegenol was more retentive than the other cements. The incorporation of SnF2 significantly increased the retention capacity of Freegenol and Tempbond NE but had no effect on Tempbond. Tempbond showed significantly higher dye penetration than Freegenol. The addition of SnF2 did not alter the dye penetration of the cements. There were no significant differences in the solubility of the cements. However, the incorporation of SnF2 increased the solubility of Freegenol and Tempbond NE (P < .001) and Tempbond (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The addition of SnF2 increased the retention of temporary crowns cemented with Tempbond NE and Freegenol but did not affect the retention of those cemented with Tempbond. The marginal leakage of crowns cemented with the tested temporary cements with and without the incorporation of SnF2 was similar. However, the addition of SnF2 increased the solubility of the cements.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1980

[Detection and analysis of aldehyde fuchsin positive fibers in the connective tissue of the human oviductal mucosa. I. Preliminary investigations and demonstration of the morphological substratum (author's transl)].

Investigating the biomorphosis of the human uterine tube, it was possible to detect aldehyde fuchsin positive fibers in the lamina propria mucosae. These fibers can be regarded as sulphur containing scleroproteins relating to the histochemical findings of oxidation, thiosulphation, methylation, sensitivity to pepsin and papain, respectively. For the visualization of the morphological substratum it was necessary to treat the fixed or fresh unfixed tissue chemically by oxidation and thiosulfation before the slices were stained with aldehyde fuchsin. Among several oxidantia examined in preliminary trial tests, peracetic acid, performic acid, potassium permanganate, bromine, ammonium persulphate (mixing with sulphuric acid), periodic acid (t = 24 h) effected the aldehyde fuchsin staining of the fibers. It is presumably that the effective oxidantia are able to destroy protein bound disulphides localizing in the connective tissue fibers. Aldehyde fuchsin was prepared as recommended by MOWRY (1975, paraldehyde fuchsin) and by BOCK and OCKENFELS (1970, crotonaldehyde fuchsin). Besides, solutions of paraldehyde fuchsin according to MOWRY's modification prepared with basic fuchsin as well as pararosanilin (C. I. 42 500) was analyzed by spectrophotometry and by thin layer chromatography. The dye analysis has shown that the dye consists of various components and the composition of the dye bath changes with increasing age of the solution. By the way, the freshly prepared solutions were used between 3 and 18 days after preparation. Generally, the peracetic acid - aldehyde-fuchsin stain describing by FULLMER and Lillie (1958 a) was suitable for the reproducible demonstration of the aldehyde fuchsin fibers in oviducts from several stages of life. In neonatal uterine tubes the fibers spread over the mucosa as a multidimensional network, and in senile ones they are localized zonally near the epithelium. It was possible to visualize the aldehyde fuchsin positive fibers also in other organs and tissue formations, e.g. in perichondria of the tracheobronchial tree, in the lung, small intestine, and uterus.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

The addition of SDS to the Bradford dye-binding protein assay, a modification with increased sensitivity to collagen.

The standard Bradford protein assay is insensitive to collagen. But if a small, sub-threshold amount of SDS is added to the sample, the response to collagen is increased by at least an order of magnitude, while, on average, the sensitivity for non-collagens is decreased by approximately a factor of 2. As a result, comparable color formation is achieved with both collagen and non-collagens. The addition of protein to a sub-threshold amount of SDS results in the formation of a green color measurable as an increase in absorbance at 700 nm, in contrast to the blue color measured at 595 nm in the standard assay. Depending upon the source, the threshold level for SDS varies from 30 to 50 microgram. The response to protein is linear up to approximately 40 microgram of protein per ml of reagent.

Collagen↗
PubMed2005

Comparative study of the subserosal versus submucosal dye injection method for sentinel node biopsy in gastric cancer.

AIMS: To determine the most efficient injection method for a sentinel node (SN) biopsy in gastric cancer. METHODS: Gastric adenocarcinoma patients without serosal invasion and distant metastasis were prospectively enrolled in this study. Isosulfan blue was injected into the subserosa (SS) of the first set of 71 consecutive patients and an intraoperative endoscopic submucosal (SM) injection of the same dye was injected into the second set of 50 consecutive patients. After the biopsy of blue-stained SNs, a gastrectomy with a D2 lymphadenectomy was performed. All dissected lymph nodes were evaluated for metastasis. The results of the SN biopsies were compared between the SS and SM dye injection methods. RESULTS: Detection rate (0.92 vs 0.94), mean number of SNs (2.5 vs 2.9) and sensitivity (0.61 vs 0.46) of the SN biopsies were not significantly different between the SS and SM injection methods (P>0.05). The operation time was significantly shorter in the SS than the SM injection method (159.7 vs 172.7 min, P=0.030). CONCLUSIONS: Both injection methods were equally efficient in their roles for a SN biopsy in gastric cancer. However, the SS injection method was more preferable due to its easy technique and short operation time.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

[Limitations of blood supply to the skin flap in face lift surgery].

BACKGROUND: Besides nerve injuries or hematomas, one of the main risks of face lift surgery is the development of skin necrosis. We therefore investigated which arteries contribute to the blood supply of the face lift skin flap and how extensively mobilization can be performed before arterial cutaneous circulation is endangered. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In six cadavers, selective dye injections into the branches of the carotid external artery were performed to determine the location of their vascular territories in relation to the face lift region. In another 12 cadavers, face lift flaps were raised with different extension of the undermined skin area before dye injections were performed. RESULTS: It was shown that the facial artery provides blood supply to the area of the face lift flap by perforating vessels in the paranasal, perioral and submental regions and the transverse facial artery by a perforating vessel below the malar bone prominence. Although the perforating vessel of the transverse facial artery was transected by standard mobilization, the face lift flaps were sufficiently perfused via the paranasal and perioral perforating vessels of the facial artery alone. CONCLUSION: We conclude that undermining of the face lift flap should not exceed the nasolabial fold to preserve the perforating vessels of the facial artery in the centrofacial region.

Arteries↗
PubMed1999

Detection of sentinel lymph nodes with lymphazurin in cervical, uterine, and vulvar malignancies.

BACKGROUND: Identification of sentinel lymph nodes may allow prediction of metastatic disease in cancer patients. We did a prospective study to determine whether lymphazurin dye could identify sentinel lymph nodes in patients with cervical, uterine, and vulvar cancer. METHODS: In 33 patients having surgery for either uterine, cervical, or vulvar carcinoma, lymphazurin dye was injected into the respective organs before the tumor and node dissection began. Sentinel lymph nodes were identified and dissected in situ. RESULTS: The identification rate of sentinel lymph nodes was 0/8 (0%) for uterine cancer patients, 2/13 (15.4%) for cervical cancer patients, and 9/12 for vulvar cancer patients (75%). CONCLUSIONS: In a limited number of patients, lymphazurin day may be useful in identifying or assessing the sentinel nodes draining vulvar and cervical cancers. The role of this procedure in treatment planning for patients with gynecologic malignancies is yet to be determined.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Validation of subareolar and periareolar injection techniques for breast sentinel lymph node biopsy.

HYPOTHESIS: Subareolar or periareolar injection of radioactive technetium sulfur colloid is equivalent to other injection techniques for breast cancer sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective, multicenter clinical trial. PATIENTS: A total of 3961 individuals with clinical stage I and II breast cancer. INTERVENTIONS: All patients underwent attempted SLN biopsy followed by completion axillary dissection. Injection technique was determined by the preference of each participating surgeon. Most surgeons had little or no experience with SLN biopsy before participation in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The SLN identification and false-negative rates. RESULTS: An SLN biopsy was performed in 3961 patients using blue dye alone or radioactive colloid plus blue dye. Subareolar and periareolar radioactive colloid injection techniques were associated with SLN identification rates of 99.3% and 95.6%, respectively, with false-negative rates of 8.3% and 8.9%, respectively. The identification rates were significantly higher for these 2 techniques than for peritumoral injection of radioactive colloid (91.1%) or the use of blue dye alone (88.5%) (P<.001). The false-negative rates were similar for all techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Although many medical centers have adopted subareolar and periareolar radioactive colloid injections because of their simplicity and convenience, a paucity of data from a few single-institutional studies has existed to substantiate the false-negative rates associated with these techniques. The results of this multicenter study establish the validity of subareolar and periareolar radioactive colloid injections and support the hypothesis that the lymphatic drainage of the entire breast is to the same few SLNs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of formalin-fixed Hemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae on dye transport by the chinchilla eustachian tube.

An in situ method for measuring the ability of the middle ear and eustachian tube ciliated epithelium to transport dye to the nasopharynx was used to assess the role endotoxin-containing killed bacteria have on the development of otitis media with effusion. In addition, electron microscopy was used to monitor histological changes induced by exposure to these organisms and the ability of the mucosa to recover. The results indicated that exposure to a killed gram-negative but not a gram-positive otitis media pathogen leads to early production of middle ear fluid, evidence of capillary leakage and significant slowing of mucociliary transport. The damage was, however, reversible with the epithelium returning to normal both functionally and histologically within 7 days of exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

On the history of basic fuchsin and aldehyde-Schiff reactions from 1862 to 1935.

The nature of products formed by aldehydes and Schiff's reagent, whether they are sulfonic or sulfinic acid compounds, has been the subject of much discussion. It seems therefore timely to review early studies of aldehyde-Schiff reactions, including the history of pararosanilin and related dyes. Dyes of the basic fuchsin group have been studied extensively since 1862, and their triphenylmethane structure was established in 1878. The currently used structural formulas were introduced around the turn of the century. Reactions of basic fuchsin with aldehydes, with and without addition of SO2, were investigated by Schiff in the 1860's i.e. before the structure of these dyes was known. In 1900 Prud'homme showed that the reaction products of basic fuschsin, sodium bisulfite and formaldehyde are alkylated and sulfonated derivatives of the parent compound; further chemical studies indicated attachment of the sulfonic acid group to the carbon atom of the aldehyde. Prud'homme's findings were repeatedly confirmed during the following decades. Wieland and Scheuing were apparently unaware of these studies and introduced the sulfinic acid theory in 1921; furthermore, they considered substitution at two amino group of Schiff's reagent essential for formation of the colored compound. However, later chemical and spectroscopic studies showed no evidence of-N-sulfinic acids but supported the sulfonic acid theory of Prud'homme.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed2002

Does breast tumor location influence success of sentinel lymph node biopsy?

BACKGROUND: Controversy exists regarding the influence of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping technique or patient variables on the success rate of SLN mapping. We undertook a prospective study in a single institution series to evaluate multiple variables that could adversely affect SLN identification rates. STUDY DESIGN: Data were collected on 174 patients who underwent 177 SLN mapping procedures followed by axillary dissection from October 1996 through January 2000. Patient demographics, body mass index (BMI), biopsy method, tumor size, palpability, and location were recorded. SLNs were identified by blue dye only (n = 31), Tc-99m sulfur colloid only (n = 34), or combined techniques (n = 112). Data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis and expressed as the probability of failure to map the SLN. RESULTS: SLNs were identified successfully in 150 of 177 procedures (85%) with a false negative rate of 3.7%. Mapping success reached 93% using combination blue dye and isotope. Variables found to adversely affect SLN mapping success and the odds ratio of failure (OR) included lower inner quadrant (LIQ) location (OR 35.6), blue dye only (OR 42.4), BMI >30 and upper outer quadrant (UOQ) location (OR 14.6), and nonpalpable UIQ location (OR 25). LIQ location adversely affects mapping success independent of technique, tumor size, or obesity. Obesity and nonpalpability were adverse factors when tumors were located in the UOQ and UIQ, respectively. Age, biopsy technique, and tumor diameter did not affect SLN mapping success. CONCLUSIONS: SLN mapping success is influenced by technique and tumor location, with best results achieved using combined techniques and for lesions located in quadrants other than the LIQ. Obesity and tumor palpability influence success in the context of tumor location.

Axilla↗
PubMed2002

Subareolar and peritumoral injection identify similar sentinel nodes for breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping with radioisotope and blue dye is rapidly becoming the standard of care for breast cancer. The optimal location for injection of radioisotope and blue dye is still being investigated. The goal of this study was to determine whether blue dye injection into the subareolar (SA) location localized the same sentinel nodes as the peritumoral (PT) location for patients with breast cancer. METHODS: Three hundred thirty-two patients with biopsy-proven operable breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ at two institutions underwent SLN mapping. Eighty-three patients had PT injection of blue dye (group 1), and 249 patients had SA injection of blue dye (group 2). All patients underwent PT injection of (99m)Tc-labeled sulfur colloid. RESULTS: The two groups were similar in age, previous biopsy type, and tumor size, location, and histology. The mean number of SLNs identified was 2.4 (range, 0-9) in group 1 and 2.5 (range, 0-11) in group 2. The SLN identification rate was 95% for group 1 and 97% for group 2. The isotope success rate was 94% for both groups. The blue dye success rate was 84% for group 1 and 90% for group 2. The isotope/blue dye concordance rate was 87% for group 1 and 90% for group 2. At a median follow-up of 28 months (range, 14 to 40), there were no axillary recurrences in any of the 332 patients. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that delivery of mapping reagents in the SA and PT locations identifies similar lymph nodes. Because of simplicity and the similarity in node identification between SA and PT injection, further investigation of the SA site for delivery of SLN mapping reagents for breast cancer is warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Semi-quantitative assessment of tibial blood flow and distribution in response to surgical intervention using first pass radionuclide angiography and intravascular vital dye.

The acute vascular response in bone to surgical trauma was investigated utilizing a sheep model. Blood flow and distribution were determined using two methods; perfusion of the vasculature with an intravascular vital dye (Disulphine blue) prior to euthanasia and by radionuclide angiography (RNA) before and after each surgical intervention. The pattern of Disulphine blue distribution provided a good indication of local perfusion and response to surgical trauma (drilling holes). Radionuclide angiography provided a dynamic image of the vascular response to surgical trauma. The generation of time activity curves of the first pass of radionuclide bolus enabled calculation of the relative blood flow through selected regions. For both techniques areas of ischaemia were apparent which were directly related to the location of screw holes. We conclude that factors other than bone plate contact influence the ischaemia that develops in bone subsequent to the application of bone plates.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of current-generation bonding systems on microleakage of resin composite restorations.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the microleakage of current-generation dentin bonding systems in Class II resin composite restorations. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Class II (occlusodistal or occlusomesial) cavity preparations with a gingival margin 2 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction were prepared on 70 noncarious, extracted human premolar teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups and treated with different-generation bonding systems (Optibond FL, Gluma One Bond, Clearfil SE Bond, acid etching plus Clearfil SE Bond, and Prompt-L-Pop). All cavities were restored in a posterior resin composite and subjected to 200 thermocycles (at 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C; 30-second dwell time). After immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye for 24 hours, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally and evaluated for dye penetration using a binocular stereomicroscope. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant differences among bonding systems in the degree of microleakage in the occlusal walls. For gingival walls, statistically significant differences were found only between the Clearfil SE Bond and Prompt-L-Pop groups and the Clearfil SE Bond with acid etching and Prompt-L-Pop groups. The greatest microleakage was observed in Prompt-L-Pop specimens. CONCLUSION: Most of the tested dentin bonding systems were able to eliminate microleakage completely in the occlusal walls, but some systems exhibited statistically significant differences in leakage in the gingival walls.

Acid Etching, Dental↗