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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Hearing loss and hearing handicap in users of recreational firearms.

This investigation sought to establish the prevalence of hearing loss and hearing handicap in a population of 232 recreational firearm users. Hearing handicap was calculated based on four methods using pure-tone threshold data from the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, and American Speech-Language and Hearing Association in addition to the self-report Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults-Screener (HHIA-S). Subjects (45 female and 187 male) ranging in age from 13 to 77 years (mean = 40 years, SD = 15.1) completed a short questionnaire regarding demographics and shooting practices followed by pure-tone air audiometry at Occupational Safety and Health Administration test frequencies of 500 to 6000 Hz. A total of 177 who exhibited varying degrees of hearing loss also received a face-to-face administration of the HHIA-S. Audiometric and HHIA-S results revealed that both high-frequency hearing loss and hearing handicap varied significantly as functions of age and occupation. Significant gender effects were observed audiometrically but not as a function of hearing handicap. HHIA-S scores varied significantly as a function of high-frequency (1000-4000 Hz) hearing loss. Correlation coefficients between the four different pure-tone methods of calculating hearing handicap and the self-reported HHIA-S were highest for pure-tone methods that do not employ 500 Hz in the calculation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Effect of air diving exposure generally encountered by recreational divers: oxidative stress?

Long term effects on respiratory function have been found in air divers and have indicated the development of small-airway disease. These effects have been attributed to oxygen toxicity or to venous gas micro emboli (VGM). The airway obstructions observed in air divers raise fundamental questions about whether these alterations exist after one simulated dive. The aim of this report was to study the oxidative stress induced by brief normobaric hyperoxia (FiO2 = 0.6 for 30 min) by measuring breath-exhaled compounds. Oxidative stress was measured by pentane in the expirate of 7 subjects ventilated with hydrocarbon-free air (HFA) before and after the hyperoxic exposure. NO concentration allowed us to determine the inflammatory response in the airway. Venous blood was drawn before and after the O2 breathing period for measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA). In all seven subjects, pentane elimination rates on 60%O2 do not increase after hyperoxia. NO rates during the HFA and hyperoxic exposures are significantly increased (p < 0.05). MDA concentrations are not changed after the hyperoxic exposure. Pulmonary function parameters obtained 225 minutes after hyperoxia are not changed. These results provide evidence that a dry gas and oxygen breathing (FiO2 = 0.6) for 30 min can raise exhaled NO. Oxidative stress assessed by pentane and MDA does not exist. We conclude that dry gas and the mild, 30 minute hyperoxic exposure, frequently encountered by recreational divers may be responsible for an airway inflammation. The consequences of such chronic exposure remains to be established.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Respiratory effects of exposure to chlorine vapors during a swimming pool accident in a recreational center in Rome].

When inhaled, chlorine is a highly irritating gas that can damage larger airways as well as distal lung structure. We examined the short-term respiratory effects of acute chlorine inhalation during a swimming pool accident. On October 22, 1998, an emission of chlorine vapours occurred in the chlorinating maintenance procedures room of a recreational center in Rome. A total of 282 subjects (134 children) inhaled hydrogen chloride and sodium hypochlorite. Most people received bronchodilators and cortisone at the emergency room; five children were hospitalised. A telephone follow-up was taken on 260 (92.2%) subjects to obtain information about duration of exposure (less than 3 minutes, 3-5 minutes, more than 5 minutes), intensity of exposure (not at all/a little, a fair amount, a lot), and acute respiratory symptoms. A total of 236 (90.7% of the target) individuals underwent clinical examinations, which took place 15-30 days after the accident. Lung function was measured in 184 people (82 children) after 15-30 days. A multiple linear regression was run to test the association between chlorine exposure and lung function, separately in adults and in children. Acute respiratory symptoms occurred among 66.7% adults and 71.6% children. The incidence rates were highest among those who had chronic respiratory disease and had a longer duration of exposure. In about 30% of the subjects, respiratory symptoms persisted 15-30 days after the accident. Lung function levels were reduced among those who reported high intensity of exposure in comparison to those who reported low exposure, both in children and in adults (forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1, ml differences: -109 (CI 95%: -310, 93) and -275 (CI 95%: -510, -40). Given high prevalence of potential exposed people, findings from this study should alert public health authority about the possible clinical consequences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

The incidence of venous gas emboli in recreational diving.

From 1989-91, the Divers Alert Network monitored recreational divers for Doppler-detected venous gas emboli (VGE) and depth-time profiles following multi-day, repetitive, multi-level exposures. A Spencer score >0 occurred in 61 of 67 subjects (91%) and 205 of 281 dives (73%). No subject developed decompression sickness (DCS) on monitored days although 102 dives (36.3%) scored at Spencer Grades 2 or 3 (High Bubble Grade, HBG). We recorded the depth-time profiles with Suunto dive computers and estimated exposure severity with a probabilistic decompression algorithm. The HBG incidence increased 53% over the range of exposure severity (p < 0.001) in the divers, was approximately 20% higher for repetitive dives than for first dives, and decreased approximately 25% over the 6-8 days of multi-day diving (p < 0.001) suggesting a phenomenon similar to DCS adaptation. The observed HBG incidence was approximately 20% higher for males than females. Older male divers had a 25% increase in observed incidence of HBG while older female divers showed a 55% increase when compared to their younger counterparts.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Mycobacterium bovis (bovine TB) exposure as a recreational risk for hunters: results of a Michigan Hunter Survey, 2001.

SETTING: Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis (bovine TB) is endemic in the white-tailed deer population of north-eastern Michigan. Hunters may be exposed to M. bovis via cutaneous inoculation while field dressing deer or by ingestion of undercooked venison. Michigan hunters have received inconsistent messages about their risk of acquiring tuberculosis from recreational exposure to deer. The most common health advice offered has been to wear gloves while field dressing deer and to cook venison products thoroughly. OBJECTIVE: Data were collected to quantify these self-protective activities and to characterize hunters practicing these activities. DESIGN: In 2001, we surveyed 1833 hunters who had successfully harvested deer in or near Michigan's bovine TB endemic area in 2000. RESULTS: The survey response rate was 78%. Most hunters (89%) reported field dressing deer, 43% of whom wore gloves. Most hunters (95%) reported eating venison, 55% of whom reported their venison was always cooked thoroughly. Several hunter characteristics, including older age, female sex, higher awareness level, and area of residence, were significantly associated with the practice of these self-protective activities. CONCLUSION: The survey results suggest that hunters should receive consistent advice encouraging glove use while field dressing deer and the thorough cooking of venison products before consumption.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recreational music-making: a cost-effective group interdisciplinary strategy for reducing burnout and improving mood states in long-term care workers.

OBJECTIVES: This controlled, prospective, randomized study examined the clinical and potential economic impact of a 6-session Recreational Music-making (RMM) protocol on burnout and mood dimensions, as well as on Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) in an interdisciplinary group of long-term care workers. METHODS: A total of 112 employees participated in a 6-session RMM protocol focusing on building support, communication, and interdisciplinary respect utilizing group drumming and keyboard accompaniment. Changes in burnout and mood dimensions were assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Profile of Mood States respectively. Cost savings were projected by an independent consulting firm, which developed an economic impact model. RESULTS: Statistically-significant reductions of multiple burnout and mood dimensions, as well as TMD scores, were noted. Economic-impact analysis projected cost savings of $89,100 for a single typical 100-bed facility, with total annual potential savings to the long-term care industry of $1.46 billion. CONCLUSIONS: A cost-effective, 6-session RMM protocol reduces burnout and mood dimensions, as well as TMD, in long-term care workers.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Health fitness assessment for recreational diving requires special medical competence].

Recreational diving has become increasingly popular in Sweden over the last years and about half a million dives are made each year. During the same time the health requirements for diving have changed and today we allow asthmatics and diabetics to dive under certain conditions. Chest X-ray, that earlier was compulsory, is not required in the fitness to dive examination, and in the future Europe the minimal requirements will be a health declaration rather than a FTD examination by a doctor. Despite this there will be a need for doctors with competence in diving medicine to handle medical problems in connection to diving and to evaluate all the questions generated by the divers' answers in the health declarations.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2004

[Recreational and designer drugs-the risks to heart and brain].

The recreational and designer drugs (e. g. cannabis, amphetamines, ecstasy, cocaine) used preferentially by young people across all social levels, have a considerable, even life-threatening, risk potential. Depending on the individual substance, an increase in blood pressure or heart rate, arrhythmias, anginal symptoms extending right up to infarction, or even sudden heart death are all possible. Particular risks are associated with the combined use of several substances or their combination with alcohol and/or nicotine.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed2004

[Osteoarthritis, disability, travel and recreational activities: comments from physicians and travel specialists].

IMPACT OF DISABILITY: A survey of general practitioners, rheumatology specialists, and tourism specialists conducted by NEGMA-LERADS Laboratories demonstrated that subjects with osteoarthritis avoid vacation trips more readily than recreational activities. VACATION TRIPS ARE STILL POSSIBLE: Certain tourism organisms have nevertheless developed specialized services for disabled persons. Special emphasis is placed on adequate preparation before the vacation trip. PROBLEMS WITH WALKING: Many persons disabled by osteoarthritis do not require a wheel chair, yet have difficulty walking long distances. It is important to recognize the specific disabilities related to osteoarthritis and their effects on grip force and/or ambulation.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2004

Aseptic meningitis outbreak associated with echovirus 9 among recreational vehicle campers--Connecticut, 2003.

Aseptic meningitis is an inflammation of the tissues covering the brain and spinal cord and caused by a virus, most frequently an enterovirus. In August 2003, the Connecticut Department of Public Health (CDPH) received a report of three viral meningitis cases among recreational vehicle (RV) campers staying at a campground in northeastern Connecticut. CDPH, assisted by CDC, conducted an investigation, which 1) identified a total of 12 cases of aseptic meningitis and 24 cases of enterovirus-like illness among 201 campers interviewed, 2) demonstrated how transmission of enterovirus from persons with mild illness contributed to the aseptic meningitis outbreak, and 3) determined that crowded conditions inside RVs and in the campground swimming pool likely facilitated spread of enterovirus. Pool operators should check chlorine and pH levels frequently, particularly during peak pool occupancy; adults should take precautions against passing enterovirus to children, who are at greater risk for severe illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cryptosporidiosis outbreak in a recreational swimming pool in Minnesota.

On May 6, 1998, the Olmsted County Public Health Department initiated an investigation into an outbreak of diarrheal illness that had occurred among people who swam frequently at a local swimming pool. Interviews of swimmers and microbiological testing of stool samples and swimming pool filter material were conducted to determine the source of the outbreak. Twenty-six of 206 swimmers interviewed had illnesses that met the case definition. The most common symptoms were diarrhea (100 percent), abdominal cramps (81 percent), and nausea (77 percent). The median duration of symptoms was nine days. Four cases of cryptosporidiosis were confirmed by stool analysis. The outbreak was found to be associated with swimming at the pool. Public awareness-including an understanding that recreational water facilities should be avoided during diarrheal illness-and proper pool hygiene are vital in preventing cryptosporidiosis outbreaks. Health care providers also must consider testing specifically for cryptosporidiosis when a patient presents with persistent diarrhea.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1992

The occurrence of Salmonella serotypes in marine recreational waters of Valencia, Spain.

Salmonellae serotypes were studied in order to know their prevalence in marine recreational areas of Valencia. Two hundred eight strains were isolated. The strains belonging to serogroups B, C, D, E and G. The serotyping yielded twenty one different serotypes. The most frequent salmonellae serotypes were S. anatum and S. bredeney. Our results were compared with those reported by other authors in Spain.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Recreational water quality in the Caspian Sea.

Health-based monitoring of the Caspian Sea in Turkmenistan and Iran suggests that bathers are intermittently subject to increased levels of faecal pollution which may lead to gastrointestinal illness. This is the first co-ordinated monitoring programme of recreational waters in the Caspian region and highlights the need to extend such a programme to all countries bordering the Caspian Sea. The novel approach of monitoring that combines risk assessment (water quality monitoring plus a sanitary survey) and risk management, as applied here, allows the identification of possible sources of pollution and the levels of microbiological risk that bathers are subject to. Hence, this allows suitable management interventions to be identified and implemented in the long-term.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMed2005

Update on recreational water illnesses.

Swimming is a popular exercise activity in the United States, but swimming pools and other recreational venues may serve as settings for infectious disease transmission. Adopting healthy swimming habits can protect you and your family and prevent disease transmission for everyone.

Bathing Beaches↗
PubMed1991

Lasting neuropsychiatric sequelae of (+-)methylenedioxymethamphetamine ('ecstasy') in recreational users.

Two persons are described who demonstrated prolonged neuropsychiatric syndromes after the ingestion of large doses of (+-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a recreationally used amphetamine analog. These cases suggest that MDMA, known to be neurotoxic to serotonin neurons in several experimental animals, may also produce untoward effects in humans. In addition, they provide evidence that ingestion of large doses of MDMA can produce lasting adverse functional consequences in vulnerable persons.

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine↗
PubMed2000

[The occurrence of Ixodes ricinus in the selected recreative areas in the province of Szczecin. Part II].

The aim of the study was to estimate the occurrence (the quantative and rate percent) of Ixodes ricinus in the popular recreation areas in Szczecin (Arkonka, Osów, Głebokie, Landscape Park of Szczecin, Dabie Forest Park, Zdroje Forest Park) and in province of Szczecin (Forest of Goleniów, Ińsko, Pobierowo, Chojna). Investigations were performed in 1998 year, twice on each places; in May/June and repeted in September/October. The temperature and humidity of air were measured. Obtained specimens were regard of sex and growing stage during each collection. A total of 2.055 specimens collected 49% were nymphs, 13.9% female, 11.3% male and 25.8% larvaes. The nymphs the most frequently were in spring when humidity of air was 55% and temperature 24 degrees C. The larvaes, in autumn were most frequently (31.4%) then in spring (20.5%) when the temperature of the air was 18-22 degrees C, and the humidity from 60 to 85% during the collections.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[The occurrence of Ixodes ricinus in the selected recreative areas in the province of Szczecin. Part III].

Within the last years, the incidences of diseases transmitted by Ixodes ricinus tick have rapidly increased. We estimated the occurrence of Ixodes ricinus in the popular recreation urban areas in Szczecin and in the Province of Szczecin. The study was carried out in 1999, with two samples at each site, and were compared with data of 1998. The temperature and humidity of air were measured. The most ticks were found in the range of 70-80% relative humidity of air. Among 3.198 specimens collected 59.5% were nymphs, 19.0% larvae, 11.1% females and 10.4% males. The nymphs were the most frequent in spring and in autumn, while the larvae were most frequent in autumn (26.2%) then in spring (11.9%).

Animals↗