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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Ten-year mortality from coronary heart disease among 172,000 men classified by occupational physical activity.

A cohort of 172,489 males aged 20--64 years and employed by the Italian railroad system on 1 April 1963 have been classified by habitual physical activity at work and followed-up for death during a ten-year period. The overall crude mortality was 56.59 per 1,000 in ten years, and no significant differences were found between men in sedentary, moderate and heavy work. Age-corrected death rates for coronary heart disease, as manifested by myocardial infarction and sudden coronary death, were substantially different in the three activity groups, moderately active workers ranking first, sedentary workers second, but very close to the former, and very active workers being last. The age-corrected rates for all ages were 14.18, 12.55 and 7.63 per 1,000 in ten years, respectively. All differences were statistically significant, the mortality ratio between the sedentary and moderate groups combined versus the heavy group being of the order of 1.75 to 1.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Some implications of genetic biomarkers in occupational epidemiology and practice.

This paper addresses the use of genetic biomarkers in occupational epidemiology and some of the scientific, ethical, and social implications for epidemiologists and practitioners to consider, including issues involving individual risk estimation, the communication of epidemiologic results, and the translation of epidemiologic data into clinical or occupational health practice. Three scenarios from the occupational setting illustrate some of these issues and implications. The scenarios involve glutathione-S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) and hematopoietic cancer in hospital workers, human leukocyte antigen coding for glutamic acid in the 69th position (HLA DPB1(E69)) and chronic beryllium disease in beryllium workers, and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) deletion and carpal tunnel syndrome in railroad track workers. Epidemiologic research involving genetic biomarkers requires the application of genetic tests and can be considered on a continuum between basic sciences and clinical and occupational and public health practice for which questions of test relevance, validity, and utility become important.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMed1990

Medicare program; Part A. Premium for the uninsured aged for 1991--HCFA. Notice.

This notice announces the hospital insurance premium for the uninsured aged for calendar year 1991 under Medicare's hospital insurance program (Part A). The monthly Medicare Part A premium for the 12 months beginning January 1, 1991 for individuals who are not insured under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement Acts and do not otherwise meet the requirements for entitlement to Part A is $177. Section 1818(d) of the Social Security Act specifies the method to be used to determine this amount.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Medicare program; grace period and termination for nonpayment of Supplementary Medical Insurance (Part B) premiums for insured and uninsured persons--HCFA. Final rule.

This final rule changes the termination date for Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) (Part B) enrollees who fail to pay their Medicare Part B premiums. Presently, there is a 90 day grace period for the enrollee during which he or she may pay all overdue premiums and continue Part B coverage uninterrupted. The grace period begins at different times depending on whether the individual is or is not eligible for monthly social security, railroad retirement or civil service retirement benefits. This final rule establishes a uniform timeframe for determining the 90 day grace period which precedes the termination of SMI enrollees who fail to pay their Medicare Part B premiums.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1991

Medicare program; Part A premium for 1992 for the uninsured aged and for certain disabled individuals who have exhausted other entitlement--HCFA. Notice.

This notice announces the hospital insurance premium for calendar year 1992 under Medicare's hospital insurance program (Part A) for the uninsured aged and for certain disabled individuals who have exhausted other entitlement. The monthly Medicare Part A premium for the 12 months beginning January 1, 1992 for individuals who are not insured under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement Acts and do not otherwise meet the requirements for entitlement to Medicare Part A is $192. Section 1818(d) of the Social Security Act specifies the method to be used to determine this amount.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Automated sample handling in a clinical laboratory.

Bar codes have received wide acceptance and have permeated many industries since their early days in the railroad industry. They offer a simple and cost-effective approach to a variety of operational situations. Clinical labs are especially well-suited for this technology.

Chicago↗
PubMed1980

Health Care Financing Administration: Medicare Program; collection of unpaid Medicare premiums. Final rule with comment period.

This regulation specifies (1) the conditions under with HCFA will cease collection action on unpaid hospital insurance and supplementary medical insurance premiums; and (2) when collection action will be renewed. We are also clarifying the provision that specifies the sources from which we recover unpaid premiums. Under the regulations we will stop collection efforts when: 1 An individual, who is no longer entitled to a civil service annuity or to benefits under Title II or Title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act or the Railroad Retirement Act, is unable to make payment: 2. An individual's estate is unable to make payment; or 3. The cost of the collection activity is likely to exceed the amount to be recovered. (If an individual against whom collection activity has ceased later becomes entitled to benefits, HCFA will renew collection activity.) Ceasing collection activity in these cases will enable us to reduce the costs of billing and records maintenance. We are issuing these regulations as a final rule because they are technical regulations that authorize an internal operating procedure to clear our records. The regulations will not adversely affect any person or organization. Accordingly, we find good cause to waive the notice of proposed rulemaking. However, we are providing a comment period and will make any further revisions we find necessary based on comments we receive.

Medicare↗
PubMed1987

Medicare program; inpatient hospital deductible and coinsurance amounts and Part A premium for the uninsured aged for 1988--HCFA. Notice.

This notice announces the inpatient hospital deductible and coinsurance amounts and the monthly hospital insurance premium for the uninsured aged for calendar year 1988 under Medicare's hospital insurance program. The Medicare statute specifies the formulae to be used to determine these amounts. The inpatient hospital deductible will be $540. The daily coinsurance amounts will be: (a) $135 for the 61st through 90th days of hospitalization; (b) $270 for lifetime reserve days; and (c) $67.50 for the 21st through 100th days of extended care services in a skilled nursing facility. The monthly Medicare hospital insurance premium for the 12 months beginning January 1, 1988 (for individuals who are not insured under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement Acts and do not otherwise meet the requirements for entitlement to Part A) is $234.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Medicare program; Part A premium for the uninsured aged for 1989--HCFA. Notice.

This notice announces the hospital insurance premium for the uninsured aged for calendar year 1989 under Medicare's hospital insurance program (Part A). The monthly Medicare Part A premium for the 12 months beginning January 1, 1989 (for individuals who are not insured under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement Acts and do not otherwise meet the requirements for entitlement to Part A) is $156. The Medicare statute specifies the method to be used to determine this amount.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Medicare program; Part A premium for the uninsured aged for 1990-- HCFA. Notice.

This notice announces the hospital insurance premium for the uninsured aged for calendar year 1990 under Medicare's hospital insurance program (Part A). The monthly Medicare Part A premium for the 12 months beginning January 1, 1990 for individuals who are not insured under the Social Security or Railroad Retirement Acts and do not otherwise meet the requirements for entitlement to Part A is $175. Section 1818(d) of the Social Security Act specifies the method to be used to determine this amount.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Incidence of extra-arachnoid discharge following lumbar puncture].

Dimer-X is considered a good contrast medium for lumbar myelography. Its physical properties guarantee a homogeneous mixture with cerebrospinal fluid, with the result that postpunctural fluid leakage is easy to detect. One hundred Dimer-X lumbar myelographies were performed with two different spinal needles, a short beveled needle of 1.2 mm outer diameter and a special beveled "Quincke" needle of 0.7 mm outer diameter. Postpunctural fluid leakage is observed in 32% of the cases with the former and in only 12% with the latter. False-route injections occurred in 5% of the cases. Epidural leakage is the most frequent and can be detected by its "Christmas tree" appearance on antero-posterior X-ray. Subdural leakage is represented by a "railroad track" appearance on a lateral view. The leakage is observed more frequently in patients with normal myelogram (28%) than in patients with a herniated lumbar disc (18%).

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Wood anatomy and uses of 7 tropical tree species from Mexico].

The wood anatomy of Coccoloba cozumelensis Hemsl., Coccoloba spicata Lundell, Gymnanthes lucida Sw., Blomia cupanioides Miranda, Canella winterana (L.) Gaertn., Aspidosperma megalocarpon Müell Arg. and Ehretia tinifolia L., is described. One tree per species was collected in the tropical rain forest of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Their wood has important traditional uses in furniture, tools, rural buildings, posts, fences, railroads and firewood. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics were described and measured in wood samples, permanent slides and macerated material. These species have diffuse porosity, alternate vessel pits, simple perforation plates, numerous and small rays; libriform fibres are common, as well as ergastic material in gum forms, calcium carbonate and silica crystals. These characteristics explain aesthetical, weight, hardness and resistance (to mechanical and biological damage) characters that fit traditional use by the Maya.

Classification↗
PubMed1988

Law No. 30 modifying and amending Laws No. 135 of 1961, 1a of 1968, and 4a of 1973 and conferring certain competencies on the President of the Republic, 18 March 1988.

This Law and regulatory Decree No. 2017 of 12 October 1988 (Diario Oficial, No. 38531, 12 October 1988, pp. 1-7) establish new procedures for the distribution of rural land in Colombia. A major aspect of these laws is the incorporation of the National Council of Economic and Social Policy (CONPES) into the planning and control of the agriculture reform scheme. According to these regulations, the Colombian Institute for Agriculture Reform (INCORA) will be in charge of the creation of the Annual Plan of Activities which establishes the regions subject to a land distribution plan under the supervision of CONPES. Once the Annual Plan of Activities is formulated, the regulations authorize INCORA to negotiate directly with the owners of the lands covered by the regional plan. For this purpose, the land is subject to technical analysis consisting of an on-site visit during which the quality, improvement, and value of the machinery attached to the land are assessed. After the analysis is completed, an offer will be made to the owner, who has a period of 15 days to accept or reject it. If the offer is rejected, INCORA will initiate an expropriation proceeding. Payment will be made in government bonds, maturing in five years. The owners have a right to seek the exclusion of their lots from regional plans. A second major aspect of these laws is that their objectives include not only the redistribution of the land but also the creation of adequate infrastructure for the development of regions subject to agrarian reform. Projects for the construction of railroads or other means of transportation, public service facilities, and cultural centers will be carried out keeping in mind the principle that respect for environmental concerns be maintained.

Americas↗
PubMed2002

The mattress sutures: vertical, horizontal, and corner stitch.

The interrupted vertical and horizontal mattress suture techniques are two of the most commonly used skin closure methods. These mattress sutures promote wound edge eversion and less prominent scarring. Vertical and horizontal mattress sutures allow for skin edges to be closed under tension when wound edges have to be brought together over a distance. The corner stitch, a variation of the horizontal mattress suture, is commonly used for closure of angled skin flaps or wounds. Although mattress sutures can produce surface scarring or "railroad marks," early removal of these sutures can limit this damage.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2003

IT doesn't matter.

As information technology has grown in power and ubiquity, companies have come to view it as ever more critical to their success; their heavy spending on hardware and software clearly reflects that assumption. Chief executives routinely talk about information technology's strategic value, about how they can use IT to gain a competitive edge. But scarcity, not ubiquity, makes a business resource truly strategic--and allows companies to use it for a sustained competitive advantage. You only gain an edge over rivals by doing something that they can't. IT is the latest in a series of broadly adopted technologies--think of the railroad or the electric generator--that have reshaped industry over the past two centuries. For a brief time, as they were being built into the infrastructure of commerce, these technologies created powerful opportunities for forward-looking companies. But as their availability increased and their costs decreased, they became commodity inputs. From a strategic standpoint, they became invisible; they no longer mattered. that's exactly what's happening to IT, and the implications are profound. In this article, HBR's editor-at-large Nicholas Carr suggests that IT management should, frankly, become boring. It should focus on reducing risks, not increasing opportunities. For example, companies need to pay more attention to ensuring network and data security. Even more important, they need to manage IT costs more aggressively. IT may not help you gain a strategic advantage, but it could easily put you at a cost disadvantage. If, like many executives, you've begun to take a more defensive posture toward IT, spending more frugally and thinking more pragmatically, you're already on the right course. The challenge will be to maintain that discipline when the business cycle strengthens.

Capital Financing↗
PubMed1992

[Epidemiology of primary tumors of the pleura].

The authors briefly reviewed the literature concerning the risk factors for primary pleural tumors in humans. The results from the most relevant studies emphasize the fact that the large majority of mesotheliomas are associated with exposure to asbestos or asbestiform fibers. Exposure to asbestos is mainly through industrial use, and mesotheliomas result from occupational, para-occupational, or environmental exposure. Fibers of crocidolite, amosite, and chrysotile appear to be, in descending order, more carcinogenic for pleural tissues. The authors summarize the available data on consumption of asbestos and asbestos-based products in Italy. The chrysotile-asbestos mine in Balangero (Piedmont) stimulated the industrial production of asbestos-cement; asbestos has been largely sprayed among shipyards and user for insulating railroad coaches and carriages. Italy had the greatest consumption of crocidolite in Europe, which was not banned until 1986. The authors discuss the major findings derived from descriptive epidemiological data presented in previous papers dealing with this issue. In addition, standardized mortality rates of primary pleural tumors for European countries are shown. A clearly increasing trend for mortality is observed in Italy, which has also the provinces with the highest mortality rates in Europe. Among Italian provinces, the mortality rates are consistent with the number of asbestosis cases receiving workman's compensation. The authors present the results of both cohort and case-control analytical studies performed in Italy, and provide suggestions for further research.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1959

Can a single injury cause cancer.

In the absence of positive evidence that a single injury can cause cancer, the tendency is growing to award compensation to persons (particularly employees) with cancers alleged to have originated in trauma, even cancers which are generally conceded to be congenital in origin.Experimental attempts to induce cancer through trauma have been unsuccessful or doubtful in result. War-wounded persons, boxers and railroad accident victims have no higher incidence of cancer than other groups.Physicians and others in a position to educate the public should strive to dispel the error that cancer following injury is demonstrably or even probably the cause.

Accidents↗
PubMed2003

A pilot study evaluating a peer led and professional led physical activity intervention with blue-collar employees.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the effect of a physical activity intervention, based on social cognitive theory, delivered by a peer and a professional leader. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental. SETTING: Three locations at a large Mid-Western railroad. SUBJECTS: One hundred and forty-eight skilled labor employees participated: one hundred and twenty completed the study. MEASURES: Self-reported energy expenditure, self-efficacy and stages of change. RESULTS: ANOVA and categorical analysis using rates and proportions were used for evaluation. The peer group had a non-significant short-term increase in energy expenditure of 3%, which returned to baseline post intervention. The professional and control groups showed a non-significant decrease in energy expenditure of 5% and 9%, respectively. The peer (p < 0.002) and professional groups (p < 0.004) showed significant increases in average stages scores. The peer group maintained increases over time (p < 0.001). The peer and professional led groups showed a 54% and 24% increase in the number of employees reporting regular physical activity over time, respectively. The peer group also showed positive trends in self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: The peer intervention enhanced self-efficacy and self-reported physical activity. A job layoff at the professional led site confounded comparisons between locations. Employees reported high energy expenditure and high BMI values, suggesting that a weight management intervention may be more appropriate and appealing in this population.

Adult↗