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Results for “Medical Informatics Computing”

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PubMed1989

Interactive computer-video modules for health sciences education.

Advances in electronic image recording and computer technology have resulted in a remarkable increase in the power and flexibility of interactive computer-video teaching systems. The University of Washington Health Science Videodisc Development Group first demonstrated a laser videodisc controlled by a remote central computer in 1980. Even this rudimentary unit highlighted basic medical informatics principles including: rapid accessibility; a "generic" or multi-purposed format; ease of computer control; and large collections of valid, rigorously reviewed images. Advances in medical informatics have led to the development of the following previously undescribed series of teaching units: 1. The hypertext programs Hypercard, Linkway, and Guide have been used with videodiscs to develop easy-to-use instructional and reference materials. These materials demonstrate the ease with which a computer-naive instructor may develop new programs and the advantages that the intuitive nature of these programs brings to student users. 2. Patient simulations using single and double screens plus pre-defined knowledge structures; 3. Interactive single topic tutorials using preset knowledge structures; 4. A key-word-based disc searching system; 5. Electronic video microscopy; 6. A series of programs developed independently by health science faculty who have purchased multi-purpose videodiscs that demonstrate the flexibility of the multi-purpose or "generic": collection concept.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2005

Automatic annotation of medical records.

One of the research projects running at the medical informatics department of the Institute of Computer Science AS CR explores the problem of medical information representation and development of electronic health record (EHR). With respect to this effort an interesting problem arises: how to transfer knowledge from a medical record written in a free text form into a structured electronic format represented by the EHR. Currently, this task was solved by writing extraction rules (regular expressions) for every element of information that is to be extracted from the medical record. However, such approach is very time consuming and requires supervision of a skilled programmer whenever the target area of medicine is changed. In this article we explore the possibility to mechanize this process by automatically generating the extraction rules from a pre-annotated corpus of medical records. Since we are currently in the phase of data acquisition and preliminary tests we will not present any final results, rather we will sketch the technologies we intend to use and describe the tools that were developed so far as a part of this project.

Electronic Health Records↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Basic data in informatics illustrated by their application in surgery].

As an introduction to a study day devoted to informatic in surgery, some basis knowledges are summarized: architecture and function of computers, programmation language, data bases. They are illustrated by various applications made in the "Cliniques St Luc" te Brussel namely patient monitoring, artificial pancreas, office system and operating room management system. The future use of local area network is proposed in order to achieve medical department independence and the needed cooperation between all users of medical and hospital informatic.

Belgium↗
PubMed1997

Medical informatics.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1996

Distributed medical intelligence. A systems approach for developing and integrative health care information distribution infrastructure.

Recent trends in healthcare informatics and telemedicine indicate that systems are being developed with a primary focus on technology and business, not on the process of medicine itself. Distributed Medical Intelligence promotes the development of an integrative medical communication system which addresses the process of providing expert medical knowledge to the point of need.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed2005

Interfacing biology and computing for health: the future of home diagnostics.

Major advances in science and technology are converging to enable the development of a broad range of diagnostic aids for use in the home. These range from devices designed to diagnose infectious disease, to real-time continuous monitoring of endogenous biomarkers for cancer, cardiovascular health, and the like. This chapter briefly reviews some of the technical, biological, and social challenges associated with home diagnostic aids. In addition to providing several scenarios of how such devices might be used, we describe our own efforts in this area.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed2002

A medical informatics curriculum for 21st century family practice residencies.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: An informatics curriculum was developed by integrating evidence-based medicine, communication and behavioral sciences, patient education, and computer skills. Introduction of an electronic medical record (EMR) to our family practice center was a focal point of this training. Our objective was to measure whether the new curriculum improved our residents' informatics skills and computer knowledge. METHODS: Before and after institution of the curriculum, residents' self-rated skills and attitudes were measured with a questionnaire. They also took an objective test of informatics skills after the curriculum was implemented, and their scores were compared to scores from five other control residencies that did not use the curriculum. RESULTS: The curriculum, including use of the electronic record, was successfully implemented and tested. The curriculum improved residents' self-ratings of informatics knowledge and computer skills, but the objective test did not show a significant difference between programs. CONCLUSIONS: After implementation of a medical informatics curriculum, residents self-reported an improvement in computer and informatics skills. The objective measurement of knowledge did not demonstrate the benefit of our curriculum compared to other programs.

Computer Literacy↗
PubMed1994

The Informatics Institute: why do we need it?

Why should physician executives care about medical informatics? For that matter, what is medical informatics anyway? Broadly defined, medical informatics is the study of the collection, storage, retrieval, and analysis of data and information in health care to support clinical and administrative decision making. Informatics is important because, in the past 10 years, powerful computer, software, and information technologies have been developed to enable health care organizations to automate some of the work of decision making, for improved quality of care and cost control, and for successful managed care contracting. This new emphasis on informatics in health care was the impetus for the founding by ACPE earlier this year of The Informatics Institute, which will be involved in educational and research activities in the growing area of medical informatics. In this new column in Physician Executive, Dr. Marshall Ruffin, President and CEO of the Institute, will discuss the role of medical informatics in health care delivery and financing and its relation to physician executives.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed2004

Atlas-based recognition of anatomical structures and landmarks and the automatic computation of orthopedic parameters.

OBJECTIVE: This paper describes methods for the automatic atlas-based segmentation of bone structures of the hip, the automatic detection of anatomical point landmarks and the computation of orthopedic parameters to avoid the interactive, time-consuming pre-processing steps for the virtual planning of hip operations. METHODS: Based on the CT data of the Visible Human Data Sets, two three-dimensional atlases of the human pelvis have been built. The atlases consist of labeled CT data sets, 3D surface models of the separated structures and associated anatomical point landmarks. The atlas information is transferred to the patient data by a non-linear gray value-based registration algorithm. A surface-based registration algorithm was developed to detect the anatomical landmarks on the patient's bone structures. Furthermore, a software tool for the automatic computation of orthopedic parameters is presented. Finally, methods for an evaluation of the atlas-based segmentation and the atlas-based landmark detection are explained. RESULTS: A first evaluation of the presented atlas-based segmentation method shows the correct labeling of 98.5% of the bony voxels. The presented landmark detection algorithm enables the precise and reliable localization of orthopedic landmarks. The accuracy of the landmark detection is below 2.5 mm. CONCLUSION: The atlas-based segmentation of bone structures, the atlas-based landmark detection and the automatic computation of orthopedic measures are suitable to essentially reduce the time-consuming user interaction during the pre-processing of the CT data for the virtual three-dimensional planning of hip operations.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

AIDA and medical courseware.

For more than a decade the Department of Medical Informatics has offered one-week training courses on the subject of computer applications in medicine and health care. Since 1983 two courses are given at a rate of one course every two weeks. One course is on programming and problem solving and consists of three modules of increasing complexity in techniques and methods in programming and structured system development. This course focusses on only some aspects of medical informatics: the development of a medical information system, and the problems occurring in the process of automation. These aspects, however, are dealt with in detail. To this end the students are trained in using the programming system MUMPS and the fourth-generation software package AIDA. The second, introductory course is an intensive training on several distinct areas of man-machine interactions. It contains lessons in the fields of communication and recording; storage and retrieval and databases; computation and automation; recognition and diagnosis; and therapy and control. This paper describes the use of AIDA in developing and maintaining lessons for the latter course, and the assistance of AIDA for teaching purposes in the former course.

Computer User Training↗