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In connection with four new observations and a revue of 82 cases published the mains features of Beckwith-Wiedeman syndrom are described insisting on the neonatal troubles of the glycoregulation upon the structural development of the childrens and on the pathologics associations.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of dental parameters that may contribute in increasing apneic activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). METHOD AND MATERIALS: A total of 152 subjects (121 males and 31 females ) were examined from October 1999 until September 2001, for sleep disorder symptoms. All patients underwent polysomnography. Any abnormal or unusual features that could inhibit the upper airway of the oral cavity were evaluated by an oral pathologist. RESULTS: Statistical analysis of the independent structural variables and the respiratory disturbance index proved to be significant only in the cases of retropositioned or narrow hard palate with a vertically positioned soft palate, the type of breathing (oral breathing), and the enlarged uvula. CONCLUSION: The oral soft tissues seem to be more closely associated with OSAS. Therefore, the diagnosis of the structural features of the oral cavity by the clinician is useful to predict apneic activity.
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Achondroplasia is characterized by an undergrowth of arms and legs bones, low height and undergrowth of the Basis cranil. The name of this disease was called Chondrodystrohia foetalis before Parrot reported the name of this disease as Achondroplasia, distinguished from other similar diseases. We are reporting in this paper on an 11-year, 2-month-old girl with Achondroplasia. The dental findings as follows: 1) Open bite was observed for the front teeth. 2) The size, number, form and growth of the teeth were usual. 3) The tongue was a little bigger than usual. 4) According to X-ray cephalometric analysis, undergrowth of the Basis cranii and relative anterior cross-bite were visible.
A review of cases with Wiedemann-Beckwith-syndrome in the literature and a comparison with our case is presented. The specific craniofacial and stomatognathical findings are highlighted. Aspects and problems of orthodontic treatment are discussed.
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Fourteen patients suffering from primary muscular disease (myopathies), including seven with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, were compared to 11 patients whose neuromuscular disorders were of neuropathic origin. Mesioclusion was observed only in the group with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. Posterior crossbite, anterior open bite, mouth breathing, and large tongue were also more prevalent in the group with myopathies, especially the Duchenne's patients, than they were in the group with neurogenic disorders. The Duchenne's patients exhibited a statistically significant delay in dental emergence, unlike the patients with other myopathies and those with neurogenic disorders. Dentition and occlusion may be more affected in patients with myopathies, especially Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, than they are in patients with neurogenic disorders.
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The varying hypotonia in Down syndrome is one of its most dramatic signs. In particular, the facial expression and oral dysfunctions of these handicapped persons are uniquely characteristic. The more-or-less permanently open mouth; the prolapse of the tongue, exposed on the everted lower lip; and a lack of mastication, deglutition and speech are primarily caused by the hypotonic orofacial muscles. Breathing through the mouth leads to a dehydration of bacteria and plaque on gums and teeth, and ultimately to premature destruction of the dentition. This developmental syndrome indicates the need for early functional training of the orofacial muscles. Oral Regulation Therapy as described by Castillo-Morales was applied to seventy-four children here, with encouraging results.
About 23 percent of the sixty-eight children with cerebral palsy, studied at the Werner-Otto-Institute's Pediatric Rehabilitation Center, suffered from a spastic tetraparesis. About 19 percent suffered from an athetosis; about 20 percent from a hypotonia, including three with cerebellar ataxia. The remainder of the group had minimal sequelae of cerebral palsy; mental problems were predominant. Their orofacial dysfunctions were treated according to the therapeutic concepts of Castillo-Morales.
Amylosis is characterized by an infiltration of acellular substance into the tissues. This substance is mainly made of protein molecules. This disease is primary or secondary to general disorders. Its anatomical polymorphism can well involve the ENT system. Its clinical pictures are well known by the ENT specialist. About tow amyloid tumors diagnosed because of oropharyngeous signs, the authors remind the main symptoms at the upper airway and ENT tracts; the local, regional and general treatment will be discussed.
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Tongue's disorders as abnormal volume, modified position and mobility can cause maxillary deformation. Nosological and therapeutic aspects are considered.