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PubMedDate not supplied

Penile fracture in a patient with stuttering priapism.

Penile fracture commonly results from trauma of sexual intercourse or masturbation. It is common in the Middle East and America, but rare in Nigeria and sub-Sahara Africa. We present a case of penile fracture, an uncommon urologic emergency, complicating priapism, another urologic emergency; precipitated in an unusual circumstance. This report illustrates a 30-year-old undergraduate who has suffered stuttering priapism for about a week and developed penile fracture while forcefully packing the erect organ. He presented early in the hospital and had emergency surgical repair. Prognosis was good. A review of literature is also presented. Immediate surgical repair offers good prognosis in the management of this emergency.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Cyclosporin levels in semen of renal transplant patients].

Cyclosporin (CsA) has powerful immunosuppressive properties, and its recent application to organ transplantation has resulted in markedly improved graft survival. However, CsA has certain adverse side effects, the most notable being nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Among other untoward effects, little is known about the effects of CsA on the reproductive organs. Since good graft survival is now expected with CsA, the long term effect of the drug on the gonads should be monitored carefully, particularly for young recipients. Prior to investigation of the effect of CsA on the testis, the level of CsA in semen of the adult renal transplant patients were measured. Twelve samples of semen from eight recipients, mean age 35 (SD 9), were collected by masturbation in the morning just before taking CsA after more than 5 day abstinence, and it was frozen at -80 degrees C. They had been taking immunosuppressants that were a combination of either CsA and prednisolone, or CsA, azathioprine and prednisolone for 5 to 63 months. The dose of CsA was 3.7 mg/kg to 5.0 mg/kg. The range of the level of serum creatinine was 1.1 mg/dl to 2.9 mg/dl. CsA in whole blood was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and CsA in semen was also measured by HPLC after extracting CsA with diethylether. The level of CsA in semen was 27 ng/ml to 165 ng/ml and that in whole blood was 51 ng/ml to 133 ng/ml. The relation between both levels was linear (r = 0.68, p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychogenic paroxysmal disorders in children].

INTRODUCTION: Paroxystic psychic disorders which imitate organic disorders of the nervous system may have peripheral effects, present as changes in level of consciousness or appear as paroxystic behaviour changes. DEVELOPMENT AND CONCLUSIONS: The types of crises of psychological origin are: tantrums, panic attacks, crises of psychopathic rage, onanism or masturbation, epileptic pseudocrises or pseudoconvulsions and Munchausen's syndrome. In general psychic crises are not frequent in infancy: tantrums are commoner in small children and the other conditions usually occur after puberty or during adolescence. The anamnesis is the most important factor in the correct diagnosis of psychogenic paroxystic disorders. Complementary studies are done in doubtful cases, to rule out different pathological processes which might be causing the paroxystic disorder. Amongst these investigations, we emphasize the importance of the video-EEG for differential diagnosis of paroxystic disorders in children.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Motor paroxysmal disorders].

OBJECTIVE: In this paper we review and bring up to date non-epileptic paroxystic motor disorders, since knowledge of these is necessary to avoid confusion with epileptic crises. DEVELOPMENT: Particular attention has been paid to the etiopathogenesis, classification and treatment of tics, including Tourette syndrome. Familial paroxystic choreoathetosis and alterations of movement induced by drugs are considered in the light of new etiopathogenic concepts, such as hyperekplexy, spasmus nutans and Sandifer syndrome. We also mention the clinical aspects of shudders, paroxystic vertigo, continuous muscle activity, transitory cerebral ischemia and masturbation which should be remembered to avoid confusion with epileptic crises.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urethral foreign bodies. Apropos 2 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of urethral foreign body. Although this condition is not uncommon, few cases are reported in the literature. METHODS/RESULTS: Two cases of urethral foreign body are described: a 74-year-old male with mental disorder who presented with acute urinary retention arising from a fragment of a metal tube in the bulbous urethra and a 34-year-old female with intense micturition syndrome arising from a calcified electrical cable located in the urethra. Both patients required open surgery for foreign body removal. CONCLUSIONS: A wide variety of urethral foreign body has been described in the literature. In adults this is commonly caused by the insertion of objects used for masturbation and is frequently associated with mental disorder as in the two cases described herein.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Circumcision of boys--a child's right versus parents' right].

Male circumcision was practiced long before Abraham established a covenant with God to the effect that he should circumcize himself and all male members of his house. Thereafter it has become a potent religion-ethnic commandment also in the Islamic world, although it is not mentioned in the Koran. Several million boys are circumcised yearly in for instance traditional Africa and the USA (in the USA originally as prophylaxis against masturbation). In Sweden the yearly figure is some 3000 boys. A comprehensive review of the literature reveals that there are no or only marginal medical benefits of the operation, particularly in view of the fact that up to 10% suffer complications, and also that newborns both experience pain and will respond more strongly to new pain stimuli for years to come. There are two opposing interests--those related to the religious tradition and those related to the welfare of the child as expressed in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Child Welfare↗
PubMed2000

[Foreign bodies of the rectum].

During the 22 years period there were 26 patients (23 men and 3 women) aged from 18 to 71 with foreign bodies in the rectum introduced through the anal canal. The main causes of the appearance of foreign bodies in the rectum were anal masturbation (in 12 patients) and forced introduction of the objects by other people (in 10 patients). Among the foreign bodies prevailing were plastic and glass bottles, cucumbers and carrots, wooden and rubber objects in the from of the phallus. Typical were large sizes of the most objects introduced (the diametrical size more than 6 cm and the length more than 15 cm) which was responsible for the development of complications and made the removal difficult. The symptoms of the presence of foreign bodies in the rectum were determined as well as the optimum methods of diagnosis. A classification of rectal foreign bodies is proposed for the solution of medico-tactical tasks. The transcanal removal of the foreign bodies was fulfilled in 23 patients. The standardized technique of the transcanal removal of the objects is thought by the authors to include 10 principal propositions. Open operative interventions (removal of the foreign body, suturing the rupture, drainage of the abdominal cavity or of the perirectal space, sigmostomy) were performed in 4 patients with penetrating injuries of the rectum wall. The results of the treatment including removal of all foreign bodies were good, without lethal outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

L-carnitine levels in the seminal plasma of fertile and infertile men: correlation with sperm quality.

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the presence of L-carnitine in human seminal plasma, to show differences between L-carnitine concentrations in fertile and infertile subjects, and to show potential relationships between L-carnitine and semen quality. STUDY DESIGN: Seminal plasma from 101 men obtained by masturbation was examined for the presence of L-carnitine. Semen samples were divided as follows: (a) in eight groups according to the etiology of fertility, (b) in two groups on the basis of normal or abnormal spermiogram, (c) correlation of the amount of L-carnitine in seminal plasma with values of the spermiogram. RESULTS: We found the following: (1) L-carnitine levels differ significantly between controls and the patient groups (P < .0001) (2) The group with normal spermiogram has a mean value for L-carnitine of 478.4 while the abnormal one comes to 100.58. This difference is statistically significant (P < .0001). (3) There is a statistically significant, positive correlation between L-carnitine and the number of spermatozoa, the percentage of motile spermatozoa, and the percentage of normal forms (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that determination of seminal carnitine values might provide the physician with an additional means of evaluating the infertile male.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Successful treatment of retrograde ejaculation with sperm recovered from bladder washings. A report of two cases.

BACKGROUND: Retrograde ejaculation causes < 2% of male infertility but is the leading cause of aspermia. The incidence of retrograde ejaculation is increasing due to the aggressiveness of modern urologic cancer surgery and an increase in diabetes mellitus. Generally, the only adverse effect is on fertility. Various approaches have been proposed for treatment, ranging from insemination with sperm-rich urine obtained after masturbation to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We used a protocol involving bladder washing. CASES: Case 1 involved a man with retrograde ejaculation secondary to a successful right orchiectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for stage B1 embryonal cell carcinoma. He was treated with bladder washing and intrauterine insemination. He fathered three children from six insemination cycles. Case 2 involved a man with idiopathic retrograde ejaculation and a wife with ovulatory dysfunction. He received treatment similar to that in case 1 and fathered one child from two insemination cycles. CONCLUSION: Larger studies need to be done specifically comparing treatments. Our method resulted in four normal infants in two couples over eight total insemination cycles and, taken together with other results from the literature, seems a good choice for clinicians who are treating retrograde ejaculation for the first time. We agree with others who have recommended that in vitro fertilization/ICSI not be the first step for treating the usual couples with retrograde ejaculation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Have sperm counts deteriorated over the past 20 years in healthy, young Japanese men? Results from the Sapporo area.

Changes in semen quality of healthy men is a controversial issue throughout the world. It is suspected that many chemical endocrine disrupters may affect the quality of semen. Although exposure to them may be extensive in Japan, no evidence of changes in semen quality has been reported. In this study, changes in semen volume and sperm counts were analyzed over 20 years in the Sapporo area of Japan. Semen volume and sperm counts were measured in 254 and 457 normal, healthy volunteers who lived in the Sapporo area in 1975-1980 and 1998, respectively. Posters and handbills were used to recruit participants in both studies. Semen samples were collected by masturbation after 3 days or more of abstinence. There was no change in semen volume between 1975-1980 and 1998. Mean sperm counts were 70.9 +/- 47.3 x 10(6)/mL in 1975-1980 and 79.6 +/- 49.3 x 10(6)/mL in 1998. Sperm counts did not decline over about 20 years. No significant correlation between age and sperm counts was recognized in either study. The rates of subjects with oligozoospermia and azoospermia were the same in both studies. In the 1975-1980 study, 34 of 254 (13.4%) participants had a child, and in the 1998 study, 51 of 457 (11.2%) participants had a child. Mean sperm count was significantly (P < .02) lower in the earlier study (66.0 +/- 44.9 x 106/mL) than in the 1998 study (98.7 +/- 60.2 x 10(6)/mL). This is the first reliable report in which changes in sperm counts in Japan were studied. We conclude that there was no evidence of deterioration in sperm counts of normal healthy men who lived in the Sapporo area of Japan over 20 years. However, selection bias in the recruitment of volunteers and the issue of variable abstinence might have affected the results of these studies. Therefore, well-designed prospective studies should be performed in several different regions to extrapolate our results on sperm counts to healthy, young Japanese men in general. Key words: Fertility, endocrine disruptors, seminalysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Sexual dysfunction after traumatic brain injury.

Objective: The frequency of self reported sexual difficulties was examined in a group of 322 individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) ($N = 193$ men; 129 women) and contrasted with reports of sexual difficulties in 264 individuals without disability (152 men; 112 women) residing in the community. Physiological, physical, and body images problems impacting sexual functioning were examined individually and then summed into a sexual dysfunction score. Mood, quality of life, health status and presence of an endocrine disorder were examined as predictors of sexual difficulties post TBI. Study design: In this retrospective study, data about sexual difficulties were analyzed separately for men and women with TBI and without disability. ANOVAs with post hoc analysis for continuous variables, chi-square analyses for categorical variables, and ANCOVAs for predictors of sexual difficulties were utilized. Results: When contrasted to individuals without disability, individuals with TBI reported more frequent: (1) physiological difficulties influencing their energy for sex, sex drive, ability to initiate sexual activities and achieve orgasm; (2) physical difficulties influencing body positioning, body movement and sensation, and (3) body image difficulties influencing feelings of attractive and comfort with having a partner view one's body during sexual activity. Additional gender specific TBI findings were observed. In comparison to gender matched groups without disability, men with TBI reported less frequent involvement in sexual activity and relationships, and more frequent difficulties in sustaining an erection; women with TBI reported more frequent difficulties in sexual arousal, pain with sex, masturbation and vaginal lubrication. While groups differed in core demographic variables, age was the only demographic variable that was related to reports of sexual difficulties in individuals with TBI and men without disability. Age at onset and severity of injury were negatively related to reports of sexual difficulties in individuals with TBI. In men with TBI and without disability, the most sensitive predictor of sexual dysfunction was level of depression. For women without disability, an endocrine disorder was the most sensitive predictor of sexual dysfunction. For women with TBI, an endocrine disorder and level depression combined were the most sensitive predictors of sexual difficulties. Conclusion: Individuals post TBI report frequent physiological, physical and body images difficulties which negatively impact sexual activity and interest. For men post TBI, predictors of sexual difficulties included age at interview, age at injury, and having milder injuries, however, depression was the most sensitive predictor of sexual dysfunctions. For women post TBI, predictors of their sexual difficulties included age at injury and having milder injuries, however, depression and an endocrine disorder combined were the most sensitive predictors of sexual dysfunction. Implications of this study include the need for broad-based assessment of sexual dysfunction, and the implementation of treatment studies to enhance sexual functioning post TBI.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

Sex knowledge and attitudes of moderately retarded males.

In semistructured interview sessions, 18 moderately retarded men undergoing deinstitutional training, were questioned to determine their understanding of pictures of homosexual embrace, masturbation, dating, marriage, intercourse, pregnancy, childbirth, drunkenness, and their knowledge of anatomical terminology. The frequencies of various response categories revealed a range of comprehension, the lowest answering only 10 percent correctly, the median consisting of 28 percent correct, and only 1 subject correctly answering as many as one-half of the items. Correct conceptual responses significantly correlated with WAIS Full Scale and Verbal IQs and were also significantly related to the Adaptive Behavior Scale domains of Language, Socialization, and Responsibility. Serious errors of fact and conceptual confusion, though most prevalent in responses by the low comprehenders, were found in at least some responses by all of the men.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of human sperm function after repeated freezing and thawing.

Sperm storage via freezing has been useful for men who have difficulty masturbating during assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs and before impotency caused by chemotherapy, vasectomy, and other procedures. Studies were undertaken to evaluate the extent of cryoinjury to sperm after repeated freezing and thawing. The results showed that normozoospermic and oligozoospermic sperm survived after 3 repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The inclusion of seminal plasma did not seem to protect human sperm during freezing and thawing. There were no significant differences in recovery percentages for motile, vital, and morphologically normal sperm between slow and rapid freezing methods in thaws 1, 2, and 3 of normozoospermic and oligozoospermic unwashed (u), washed (w), and washed + seminal plasma (ws) samples. However, there were significant percentage drops in the recovery of motile and vital sperm between each thaw (ie, first to second thaw, and second to third thaw) using both slow and rapid freezing for u, w, and ws samples (P < .01). There were also no significant differences in percentage recovery of motile, vital, and morphologically normal sperm between u, w, and ws samples during thaws 1 to 3 in the normozoospermic and oligozoospermic groups. Sperm were capable of fertilizing hamster oocytes microinjected with single sperms after 3 freeze-thaw cycles as evidenced by the formation of 2 distinct pronuclei and 2 polar bodies in 22.2% and 17.2% of normozoospermic and oligozoospermic samples, respectively. The numbers of normal vital motile sperm after 3 serial freeze-thaw cycles are adequate for bringing about fertilization via intracytoplasmic sperm injection in ART programs. Thus, leftover washed sperm in laboratories that perform in vitro fertilization can be frozen, thawed, and refrozen several times without loss of the sperms' ability to fertilize. This approach has tremendous benefits for men who have difficulty producing sperm and for those with low and declining sperm counts.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Hypospadias: results and psychologic impact].

UNLABELLED: Twenty adults who had undergone operations in their childhood for hypospadias using Cloutier's technique, were studied. The parameters analized were 1) clinical data. On a escale 0 to 10, the following aspects were considered: 2) patient's evaluation of their genitals; 3) patient's evaluation of their sexual activity; 4) exploration of patient's genitals by the surgeon; 5) psychological aspects and repercussions. RESULTS: 1) 68 operations were carried on 19 fistules, 2 meatotomies, 6 preputioplasties. 2) Penis sizes: 7.15; glans: 7.5; urethral meatus caliber: 8.9; scrotum: 8.95; prepuce: 5. Average final evaluation: 7.75. 3) Average age first masturbation: 13.5 years; average age first sexual relation: 18 years; degree of satisfaction in sexual relations: 8.45. 4) Average penis length: 8.45; penis perimeter: 8 cm; micturition flow: 8; glans: 7.8; scrotum: 9; prepuce: 5; average evaluation: 7.42. 5) Fear before operation, fear and axiety before sexual relations 100%; withdrawn character, complexes and shyness: 70%. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomical, aesthetic and functional results were very good in spite of the high degree of complications. Patient's and the surgeon's evaluation were very similar. In some cases, psychological support may be necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Deviation in psychosexual development in the pre-puberty children].

Psychosexual health of 308 children, aged 2-11 years, as well as that of their families, was studied. Deviations in psychosexual development were found in 34.6% of the children examined. The following types were detected: difficulties in formation of gender-determined behavior features--64.4%, precocious psychosexual development--13.7%, delayed psychosexual development--12.3%, obsessive masturbation--9.6%. Risk factors for deviant psychosexual development were found.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Adolescent sexuality, cultural sensitivity and the teachings of the Catholic Church.

In recent years it has been increasingly recognized that physicians must be sensitive to the cultural beliefs of their patients. This is especially important for physicians who deal with sexuality, especially when dealing with adolescents. Despite this, many mainstream text-books and journal articles ignore the teachings of the largest single religious denomination in the United States, the Roman Catholic Church. The Church has clear teachings regarding sex education, masturbation, contraception and abortion. Physicians should be aware of these teachings and be sensitive to the needs of Catholic adolescents when dealing with these issues.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Multifactorial analysis of the risk factors of chronic prostatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of chronic prostatitis. METHODS: An epidemiological survey of 1,168 patients with chronic prostatitis was conducted and both single factor and multifactorial logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Many risk factors were identified, including urethritis, uncontrolled sexual activity, frequent masturbation, urinary system injury, fixed body posture (especially long-time riding), excessive drinking, long-time holding urine. The findings may provide reference for the prevention, treatment and measures for coping with recurrence of chronic prostatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Influence of several uropathogenic microorganisms on human sperm motility parameters in vitro.

AIM: The effects of certain uropathogenic microorganisms (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) on human sperm motility characteristics were studied in vitro. METHODS: In 10 healthy fertile men, ejaculates were aseptically obtained by masturbation and with a swim-up technique, a sperm suspension of high motility and purity was obtained. Several uropathogenic bacteria were obtained from outpatients with genitourinary tract infections. The sperm suspension was incubated with the pathogens at a bacteria: sperm ratio of 50:1 at 37deg. The sperm mobility parameters were estimated with a computer-assisted sperm analyzer (CASA) provided with a multiple-exposure photography system (Madi Corp., Zhejiang, China). Measurements were carried out at 0, 2 and 4 hours of incubation. RESULTS: Staphylococcus aureus significantly decreased the sperm motility and viability, but Staphylococcus epidermidis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae did not. CONCLUSION: Staphylococcus aureus has an inhibitory effect on human sperm motility in vitro.

Gonorrhea↗