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PubMed1977

Evaluation of a new anti-fibrinogen-coated latex particle agglutination test in the measurement of serum fibrin degradation products.

A new latex particle agglutination test (FIBROTEX) has been compared with the Thrombo-Wellcotest and the tanned red cell hemagglutination inhibition immunoassay (TRCHII) for sensitivity to purified fibrinogen and plasmic degradation products and for reactivity with 31 normal sera and 170 sera from patients with thrombotic disorders. The latex particles in the FIBROTEX are coated with antibodies against fibrinogen and fragment E (anti-FE), in contrast with the anti-fragment D and anti-fragment E antibodies which coat the latex particles of the Thrombo-Wellcotest (anti-DE). The relative sensitivities of the TRCHII and the anti-FE and anti-DE latex tests were, respectively, 0.5, 2.5 and 7.5 microgram/ml for fibrinogen; 0.5, 0.5 and 4.0 microgram/ml for fragment X; and 1.25, greater than 30 and 8.0 microgram/ml for fragment D. Compared with anti-DE, the anti-FE particles demonstrated fewer false-positive results with sera and urines of normals and higher titers, fewer false negatives and better overall correlation with the TRCHII results (r = 0.89 vs. 0.75) on pathologic sera. The FIBROTEX is simple and rapid (5 minutes) and provides a more sensitive and accurate determination of serum fibrin degradation products than the Thrombo-Wellcotest.

Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products↗
PubMed1983

[Titer variations in the rheumatoid factor reaction during the menstrual cycle. A contribution on the problem of the value of serologic data].

Sixteen healthy women showed a high variability of their titres in the antistreptolysin reaction, in the antideoxyribonuclease B reaction and in three different tests for determination of the rheumatoid factor during their cycles of menstruation. Two men of the same age had a similar behavoir. Therefore serologic results may be difficult to interpret.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of five immunodiagnostic techniques in echinococcosis patients.

Double diffusion (DD), indirect haemagglutination (IHA), immunoelectrophoresis (IEP), latex agglutination (LA), and complement fixation (CF) tests were evaluated for sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of 141 surgically-proven Turkana echinococcosis patients and 10 controls. The overall sensitivities for the tests were: IHA, 86.7%; LA, 53.3%; CF, 63.3%; DD, 55.0%; IEP, 55.0%. LA and CF tests produced a high number of false positive results; IHA gave a false positive result in 10% of cases; no false positives were obtained with IEP and DD. A combination of the latter three tests would therefore offer the best chance of detecting specific anti-Echinococcus antibodies, with an average sensitivity of 62.7%. The possible reasons for the relatively high incidence of false negative values are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Similarities and dissimilarities between the binding ability of C1q and collagen.

Based on chemical-structural similarities between C1q and collagen, we studied their activities in reactions which are typically induced in collagen or mediated by C1q. Human C1q suppressed the collagen-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet-rich plasmas. Both human C1q and a suspension in insoluble bovine collagen inhibited in time-dependent fashion the lysis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes (EA) by guinea-pig complement. They both agglutinated sheep erythrocytes (EA and EAC4) sensitized with rabbit haemolysin, mainly in the IgM type, polystyrene latex particles complexed with heat-denatured human IgG, a combination of horse, goat and sheep globulins, or deoxyribonucleoprotein. Heating of C1q and collagen (56 degrees C, 30 min), which disrupts the collagen fold into a random coil structure, almost completely abrogated all activities of C1q and considerably reduced those of collagen, suggesting that an intact triple helix is essential for their activities. In spite of their far-ranging similarities, C1q was more potent by weight in most reactions, showed evidence of a faster rate of binding to EA, and was more sensitive to heat treatment at 56 degrees C than was collagen. on the basis of the binding activities of collagen, a model is proposed according to which platelets, sensitized erythrocytes, aggregated gammaglobulins, immune complexes and deoxyribonucleoprotein might accumulate at the site of endothelial damage where blood and its components are exposed to collagenous substances. C1q is able to inhibit all these reactions, indicating that not only is C1q collagen-like in its behaviour, but that collagen also had C1q-like properties.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of anti-Candida antibodies of the classes IgM, IgG and IgA using enzyme immunoassay in sequential serum samples of hospitalized patients].

Anti-Candida antibodies were determined in 2053 sera with an indirect hemagglutination test (HAT; Labor Diagnostika, Heiden, Germany) and with an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) which detects IgG antibodies (Institut Virion, Würzburg, Germany). Antigen diagnostics was performed with the Cand-Tec-test (Ramco, Houston, USA). Eighty-eight sera from sixteen patients which were positive for IgG antibodies were screened for IgA and IgM antibodies by ELISA. A humoral immune response during the hospital stay of the sixteen patients was detected first by the HAT. The HAT was also reactive when the IgG and/or IgA antibodies rose above the upper reference value and the IgM antibody level remained unchanged. Synchronous changes of IgG, IgM and IgA antibody concentrations even within the normal range are detected by the HAT several days before one or more of these antibodies rose above the upper reference value. In most patients the IgM immune response preceded an increase in IgG and/or IgA antibody concentration by several days. In patients in whom the serum HAT titer remains constant as a consequence of a decreasing IgM antibody level and an increasing IgG antibody concentration, the selective determination of IgM antibodies by ELISA may yield additional information, e.g. a drop in IgM antibodies may be due to a successful therapy. In several patients antigen detection and antibody screening by HAT should be complemented by an immunoglobulin specific measurement of anti-Candida antibodies.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of usefulness of a new generation of tests for detection in humans of antibodies for 9,12 antigens of Salmonella. I. Occurrence and level of antibodies detected by DOT-ELISA, latex and passive hemagglutination tests].

The study was aimed at evaluation of usefulness of immunoenzymatic Dot-ELISA test and an own latex test (OL) for diagnosis of infections evoked by group D Salmonella in humans with application of passive hemagglutination test (OHS) as a relation test. Samples of blood donors, persons suspected of infection with group D Salmonella and of patients with acute gastroenteritis, were tested. In highest percentage of tested samples of serum derived from blood donors (84.5%), antibodies for 9, 12 antigen with Dot-ELISA were detected in immunoglobulin G class. In class IgM these antibodies were found in 46.5% of tested samples, whereas in IgA class only in 11.9% of samples. By application of passive hemagglutination, antibodies against 9, 12 antigen were detected in 56.8% of serum samples from blood donors and by application of a latex test in 8.7% of samples. Evaluation of antibody level of somatic antigen of group D Salmonella in healthy people formed a basis for determination for each of tests of a borderline serum titer accepted as diagnostically significant for specific antigenic stimulation. It permitted for analysis of variability of differences between the level of antibodies for 9, 12 antigen determined in blood donor serum and in patients from other two groups. By all three tests antibodies for 9, 12 antigen were detected significantly more frequently than in blood donors only in samples from patients suspected of Salmonella D infections. In highest percentage of samples (80.4%) these antibodies were detected by the Dot-ELISA test in IgM and IgG classes, slightly lower in OL (70.7% of samples) and in lowest in OHB (57.4% of samples). In samples of serum from patients with acute gastroenteritis, antibodies against 9, 12 antigen were found significantly more frequently than in blood donors only by the Dot-ELISA test in all classes of immunoglobulins (IgM-87.4%, IgA-56.2% and IgG-62.5% of serum samples).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of the usefulness of a new generation of tests for detection in humans of antibodies for 9, 12 antigens of Salmonella. II. Comparison of agreement of DOT-ELISA, latex and passive hemagglutination tests].

The study was aimed at comparison of concordance of results obtained by Dot-ELISA, latex (OL) and passive hemagglutination (OHB) tests used for determination of antibodies for 9, 12 Salmonella antigen in serum of selected groups of humans. The basis for this comparison was frequency of detection in each of the test of antibodies for 9, 12 antigen in the titer accepted as diagnostically significant. Results of OHB and OL were concordant in 91.7%, whereas by application of OHB and Dot-ELISA it concerned 60.04% of cases. The concordance of OL and Dot-ELISA was equal to 60%. Agreement of results obtained by comparative tests was statistically significant. Parallel detection by Dot-ELISA, OL and OHB of antibodies for 9, 12 antigen in samples from patients with infection has demonstrated that complete concordance of results of all three tests was obtained in 29 out of 68 tested samples. These results suggest suitability of both Dot-ELISA and OL tests in evaluation of antibody level for antigen 9, 12 of group D Salmonella. It was found that most useful diagnostic procedure should involve parallel application of two tests: OL and Dot-ELISA or OHB and Dot-ELISA.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The induction of non-specific autoimmune phenomena by radiotherapy.

Induction of autoimmune phenomena by radiotherapy was evaluated with fluorescent antinuclear antibodies (FANA), latex fixation, and C'3 complement. 27 random serum samples obtained prior to radiotherapy revealed only a low C'3 in a patient with Hodgkin's disease and Sjögren's syndrome. 33 random serum samples obtained after radiotherapy revealed 7 positive values (5 FANA, 1 latex fixation, and 1 C'3). The increase in positive values was statistically significant.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗