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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

An investigation of a compliant interface for press-fit joint replacement.

Earlier in vitro studies showed that a compliant layer between a metal surface and trabecular bone improved the load distribution. In this study, the behavior of a compliant layer of Dacron velour was investigated in vivo using a patella resurfacing in a sheep as a model. Bilateral cases were used to compare the velour interface with a direct metal-to-bone interface. For the metal patellas, a fibrous layer developed adjacent to the metal while the underlying bone formed a new subchondral-like layer. With the velour interface, fibrous tissue invaded the velour, followed later by bone, which sometimes reached the metal surface. For follow-ups of 8 months or more, the load across the interface was transferred over localised patches, for both the press-fit and velour interfaces. There was no significant difference in the areas of contact. There was evidence that this was due to the irregularity of the bony surface beneath the fibrous layer, or to bone nodules actually growing up to the metal. It was concluded that in this in vivo model, the velour layer did not retain a more uniform load distribution compared with the press-fit joint, due to the nature of the bone and fibrous tissue that formed at the interfaces.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Osteochondral hemiarthroplasty. An experimental investigation in baboons.

Hemiarthroplasty using osteochondral autografts and allografts were performed on 40 hip, 23 knee and 5 shoulder joints in baboons. Follow-up at one, two and three years revealed good results as assessed by clinical and radiological examination. Histological and radionuclide studies revealed cartilage viability in 70 to 80% of cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Prophylactic cefuroxime in total joint replacement.

Cefuroxime was given during operation to 95 patients undergoing 106 total joint replacements (hip 69: knee 37). Two regimes were used. Either 1 g was given intravenously with induction of anaesthesia and then two intramuscular injections of 1 g 6 and 12 h later, or 1.5 g was given intravenously with induction and two injections of 750 mg each intramuscularly 6 and 12 h later. The concentrations of cefuroxime in bone, capsule and blood were measured in 77 patients. The assays were carried out independently in two laboratories. In most instances concentrations in the bone were above the MICs for likely pathogens, even after allowing for any contaminating blood. Concentrations in synovial capsule were generally higher than in bone. After a follow-up period of 2 years, two patients developed deep infections. The overall infection rates are comparable with the best results reported in the literature using other prophylactic antibiotics or with ultra-clean air systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thermal effects of polymerization of methyl-methacrylate on small tubular bones.

This study was designed to investigate the thermal effects of polymerization on small tubular bones. The results demonstrated only a slight increase in temperature during cement-curing in the medullary canals of these bones. The maximum rise (11.7 degrees C) was within the levels of tolerance for living bone cells. It was demonstrated that the small volumes of methyl-methacrylate cool more rapidly, hence further decreasing the deleterious effects of heat. The histological studies showed no recognisable adverse reaction to the thermal effects of methyl-methacrylate polymerization on small tubular bones or on the overlying tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Some clinically relevant variables affecting the mechanical behaviour of bone cement.

The effects of 12 clinically relevant variables upon the basic mechanical properties of acrylic cement are reported. Attention is drawn to the facts that these variables may at times coexist to lead to serious reductions in the strength of the cement, and that the operating surgeon may exercise a substantial influence on the effective mechanical properties of the cement he is using.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

Loosening of the femoral component in surface replacement of the knee.

The incidence of loosening of the femoral component of the ICLH knee has been found to be lower than that of the tibial component. This is thought to be due to the fact that the compressive strength of the distal femur has been found to be greater than that of the proximal tibia. It has further been shown that the strength of even the femur can be so reduced by the osteoporosis accompanying Rheumatoid Arthritis that it becomes insufficient for adequate prosthetic fixation.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of osteotomy and joint replacement in the surgical treatment of the arthritic knee.

The relatively small numbers of knees compared in this study make it impossible to draw conclusions with great confidence. On the other hand we believe that the quality of our comparison has been improved by our effort to match the groups of knees under study. Our results lead to the controversial conclusion that, at least in RA and in elderly patients with OA, ICLH arthroplasty is preferable to osteotomy regardless of the pathology and preoperative deformity and that osteotomy should not be used as a temporizing procedure before ICLH arthroplasty. We are unable to say whether or not similar conclusions would apply to other forms of arthroplasty but we suspect that they would. Certainly joint replacement is now widely preferred to osteotomy at the hip and it is difficult to see why the knee should be different. It should not be concluded from these results that replacemnt is to be preferred to osteotomy for the mildly damaged knee. It does however appear that if osteotomy fails (for technical or other reasons), it may then be difficult to obtain a satisfactory result even by replacement. Thus if a patient with a mildly damaged knee is not to be disabled irreparably, it may be better to avoid osteotomy until the day comes when the causes of failure after this operation can be predicted preoperatively and prevented. The data presented here suggest (as do those in many other studies) that one step in this direction is to confine osteotomy to the varus OA knee. Even in this group the surgeon should, we believe, do his utmost to avoid surgery altogether until the parents' disability is unacceptable. In summary therefore, we now advance the view that if the arthritic knee is sufficiently disabling to require major surgery, it should be replaced. If the disability is less severe, the joint should be treated conservatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Systematy of artificial knee joints considering constructional characteristics of the natural knee joint (author's transl)].

The subject of this investigation is to spezify artifical knee joints. For this purpose the most important constructional peculiarities and functions of the natural knee joints are to be opposed to them of the artificial ones. This analysis is based on the kinematic and theory of construction. The systematy distinguishs the various artificial knee joints considering the characteristics that are thought to be substantial.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

[Hyperextending ruptures of vessels in course of arthroplasties of the hip and knee (author's transl)].

The authors referred specific complications in the course of arthroplasties of the hip and of the knee: hyper-extending-ruptures of vessels in sequence of indirect lesions. Causes of these so far not described complications are extreme passive articulations of hip respectively knee during operation. Clinical symptoms are enumerated, the pathogenetic mechanisms explicated and directions for treatment given. Important are the knowledge of these complications and the measure for their prophylaxis.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Development of a knee joint simulator (author's transl)].

This Knee Joint Simulator serves to investigate the tribological behaviour of total knee prostheses. In order to register the most important influences upon it, it is necessary to derive first of all the requirements upon the simulation of the various movements and loads from the physiological knee joint. These and some other requirements which are of a common sort, serve as the basis of the construction, the function of which is to be described in the following passage.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1987

[Theoretical principles of cemented prostheses].

Today total hip replacement has become a routine procedure in older patients all over the world. A good result is to be expected only, if the device will meet the following requirements: adequate force transfer to the bone, adequate stiffness and elasticity, sufficient range of motion, biocompatibility of the material, low friction, low rate of wear, sufficient lubrication and a secure anchorage. Up to now, the weak point is the bone cement. Advancements in its composition and improved cement techniques will guarantee good function without pain during a long enough period of time.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

[Alloarthroplasty, resection-arthroplasty and arthrodesis of the shoulder-joint--indications and technic (author's transl)].

Indications and operative technics of problematic situations in the shoulder region are discussed. Methods which are commonly used at the "BG"-Accident-Hospital, Duisburg, are described in detail. Operative methods under question are arthroplasty, resection-arthroplasty and arthrodesis. The indications for the individual operative procedures are presented. Particular emphasis is laid upon the faction are discussed. Methods which are commonly used at the "BG"-Accident-Hospital, Duisburg, are described in detail. Operative methods under question are arthroplasty, resection-arthroplasty and arthrodesis. The indications for the individual operative procedures are presented. Particular emphasis is laid upon the faction are discussed. Methods which are commonly used at the "BG"-Accident-Hospital, Duisburg, are described in detail. Operative methods under question are arthroplasty, resection-arthroplasty and arthrodesis. The indications for the individual operative procedures are presented. Particular emphasis is laid upon the fact that alloarthroplasty--because of still unsolved technical problems--retains only a very narrow indication. It should be limited exclusively to older patients. Details of the operative technic for various operations are described. Apart from the common resection of the humoral head these are technically difficult; they require a surgeon who is experienced in traumatology and orthopedics.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1981

[Alloplastic grafting of ligaments with carbon-fibres (author's transl)].

During several years ligaments consisting of carbon-fibres have been tested in animal experiments. Recently this material was used in humans. Until today approximately 150 patients have been operated. The late results in 65 patients with instability in 66 joints are reported. Carbon-fibre-ligaments yielded good results, provided an expert surgical technic was applied and the follow-up care was optimal. Good results were achieved on the shoulder, the knee and the lateral ankle-joint. Initially there arose some problems due to technical difficulties. By using a modified surgical technic and improvements in the follow-up care still better results can be achieved. The present study is retrospective; a prospective study has been started.

Aftercare↗
PubMed2003

[Surface modifications to improve biocompatibility and mechanical properties of orthopedic implants].

State of the art surface modifications on metallic materials for orthopedic and dental implants permit clinical application if implant design,manufacturing process as well as function and duration of implantation are harmonized with each other. Keeping these prerequisites in mind,hydroxylapatite is suited for closer connection of fixation elements in hard tissue. PVD or PECVD modifications can make gliding surfaces or surfaces of fixation elements abrasion resistant if the pressure-area ratio does not exceed threshold values in cases of surfaces moving relative to each other

Biomechanical Phenomena↗