Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Government Sponsored Programs”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Tribal health programme.

In June 1978, the Department of Social Welfare, Government of Maharashtra, commissioned the Centre for Development Studies and Activities (CDSA), Pune, to prepare an Action Programme for the Improvement of Health in the Tribal Areas of Maharashtra. The following is the brief report submitted by CDSA.

Health Occupations↗
PubMed1989

Abortion.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of sustainability policies on sterilization services in Latin America.

The Association for Voluntary Surgical Contraception retrospectively examined the impact of funding decreases on access to sterilization services at 20 nongovernmental family planning clinics in Mexico, the Dominican Republic, and Brazil. Clinic staff were asked questions about client fees, caseloads, availability of comparable low-cost or free services nearby, cost-recovery activities, and the socioeconomic profile of clients before, during the time, and after subsidies were lowered or eliminated. Funding reductions were followed by decreased caseloads at 14 of the 20 sites studied. Of the six others, four experienced an increase in caseloads, one saw no perceptible change, and one experienced a decrease only as a result of management policy to cut the caseload to improve quality. The most common response to the decrease in funding (shared by 17 sites) was an increase in client fees. In all but three of the 17 clinics, the increase in fees was met with a decline in caseloads. Moreover, at nine of these 17 sites, the fee increase effected a change in client mix; anecdotal evidence suggests that more middle-income and fewer lower-income clients were using sterilization services. Four lessons can be drawn from this study: Donors need to plan funding phase-outs carefully, in conjunction with grantees; grantees need to assess the costs of the procedure realistically, and assign fees accordingly; management needs to seek alternative funding sources in lieu of, or in addition to, increasing fees; and caseloads can be increased and costs recovered by diversifying services.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1991

General theory of paradigms in health.

In Costa Rica, three sequential health paradigms have been identified over the last 50 years. The first began to develop during the 40's and has been called that of the deficiency diseases, since with a diachronic approach it placed excessive emphasis on malnutrition. The second began in 1970 and it is known as that of the infectious diseases, since through a holistic or synchronic approach, it underlined the importance of infections in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The third and last is the paradigm of the chronic diseases, it appeared in the 80's and is presently in process, doing battle with the chronic ailments, life styles, and environment, and it also utilizes a holistic approach. The recognition of these three paradigms has permitted Costa Rica a rapid advance in improving the health of its population, to the point that with a per capita outlay of $130 (US dollars), it has indices similar to those of the industrialized nations. This particular experience could be useful for other less-developed countries that are still applying the paradigm of the deficiency diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Regulating foster care services: the Kenyan situation.

This paper compares the traditional rural clan and extended family communal form of foster care with the more recent state-sponsored nuclear foster/adoptive care prevalent in urban areas and based in a western-style constitution and child care legislation. This author wonders whether the state's philosophy is realistic in light of the pervasive and manifold social problems in Kenya today.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Survey of community health aides in Jamaica (1987-1988).

The Community Health Aide (CHA) programme was initiated in 1967, and, by the early 1980s, 1,328 CHAs had been trained and over 1,100 remained in the service. The aim of the programme was to train CHAs to assist in the delivery of basic health care. During the restructuring of the health services in 1985-1986, many CHAs were made redundant. As part of a large study aimed at assessing the current status of the CHA programme, this paper reports results of interviews with 415 CHAs still in service in 1987-1988 and 134 CHAs no longer employed in the programme at that time. The survey of CHAs still employed as such showed that they continued to perform duties in the community and in health centres with emphasis on the maternal and child health services and the management of diabetics and hypertensives. The survey of CHAs no longer employed as such showed that the majority remained unemployed through many continued to use their skills on a voluntary basis. These CHAs felt that home visiting had been reduced and environmental health was being neglected since they left, and that problems were not being regularly reported to the professionals at the health centres. It was recommended that all CHAs be offered training in the taking of blood pressure levels and in the giving of insulin injections to diabetics. Recommendations included improved methods of selection, longer training, greater community outreach, especially to the elderly, post-training evaluation, regular assessment of the CHAs' performance, and improved upward mobility opportunities and job security.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nutritional interventions through primary health care: impact of the ICDS projects in India.

In 1975 the Government of India initiated an integrated approach for the delivery of health care as well as nutrition and education services for deprived populations at the village level and in urban slums through centres, each of which was run by a local part-time female worker (anganwadi) who was paid an honorarium and had a helper. This national programme, known as the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), began with 33 projects but, by March 1986, had expanded to 1611 projects covering 23% of the country's population and representing about 50% of the population in the socioeconomically backward areas. The ICDS can therefore be considered to function as a primary health care programme for preschool children (under 6 years old), pregnant women, and lactating mothers. The present study investigated the impact on the nutritional status of the target population after 3-5 years and after 8 years of ICDS interventions, compared with the nutritional status of non-ICDS (control) groups. The results showed that the ICDS nutrition intervention programmes achieved better coverage of the target population and led to a significant decline in malnutrition among preschool children in the ICDS population, compared with the non-ICDS groups that received nutrition, health care and education through separate programmes. This example may lead other developing countries to introduce integrated programmes with certain modifications to suit local conditions. International agencies and national governments should strive to bring about the integration of nutritional services with primary health care and development programmes for children because of the good results in terms of child survival and child development.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1989

Strengthening the backbone of primary health care.

This article discusses how to increase the effectiveness of district health systems, with particular reference to the setting of priorities and targets, the realization of various forms of joint action, and the improvement of management and other skills.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1989

Mortality pattern in the Emergency Paediatric Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.

Three hundred and seven (307) deaths were recorded out of 3,155 admissions into the Emergency Paediatric Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria between January 1st and December 31st 1986, giving a percentage mortality of 9.9 percent. 67 percent of the patients who died were aged between one month and twenty four months, and the overall male: female ratio of deaths was 1:1.04. Measles with complications was the commonest cause of death (24.1 percent) closely followed by protein energy malnutrition (23 percent) and respiratory tract infection (18 percent). Over half of the patients (57.6 percent) died less than 24 hours after admission. As most deaths resulted from preventable conditions, the implications of this finding, and suggestions on how to improve the situation are discussed.

Cause of Death↗