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Results for “Ear Protective Devices”

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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Real-ear attenuation of earmuffs in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired individuals.

Many of the 9 million workers exposed to average noise levels of 85 dB (A) and above are required to wear hearing protection devices, and many of these workers have already developed noise-induced hearing impairments. There is some evidence in the literature that hearing-impaired users may not receive as much attenuation from hearing protectors as normal-hearing users. This study assessed real-ear attenuation at threshold for ten normal-hearing and ten hearing-impaired subjects using a set of David Clark 10A earmuffs. Testing procedures followed the specifications of ANSI S12.6-1984. The results showed that the hearing-impaired subjects received slightly more attenuation than the normal-hearing subjects at all frequencies, but these differences were not statistically significant. These results provide additional support to the finding that hearing protection devices are capable of providing as much attenuation to hearing-impaired users as they do to normal-hearing individuals.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed2006

Medical illnesses and injuries encountered during surfing.

Surfing is an exciting sport enjoyed in many coastal communities around the globe. Participants are prone to various conditions ranging from acute injuries to conditions borne from chronic environmental exposure. Lacerations, contusions, sprains, and fractures are the common types of acute traumatic injury. Injury from the rider's own surfboard is the prevailing mechanism of injury. Interaction with marine animals may lead to injury through envenomation. Although jellyfish stings are common, no definitive treatment strategy has been proven most effective in dealing with such stings. Exposure to jellyfish and other nematocyst-containing larvae can cause a reaction known as seabather's eruption. Stingrays and coral reefs present further hazards to the surfboard rider. Infection of wounds is often seen and should be treated with fluoroquinolones or third-generation cephalosporins to cover Vibrio species, along with Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Otologic sequelae of surfing include auditory exostoses, ruptured tympanic membrane, and otitis externa.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2006

Corrective otoplasty for symptomatic prominent ears in U.S. soldiers.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate U.S. Army soldiers who presented to the plastic surgery service with the inability to properly wear a government-issued Kevlar field helmet because of their prominent ear deformity. Between September 2000 and April 2002, four patients with prominent ears and helical rim skin abrasions with breakdown attributable to abutment from their helmets underwent open otoplasty with conchal bowl resection via a posterior approach. Symptomatic relief and cosmetic improvement were obtained, with no incidence of complications or recurrence during the follow-up period, which ranged from 9 to 22 months. All patients were able to wear their Army-issued Kevlar helmets without difficulty after surgery. Otoplasty is an effective, reliable procedure that has now been performed to alleviate symptoms in an otherwise asymptomatic patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Implantable middle ear hearing devices: Food and Drug Administration review process.

This article presents an overview of the role of the Food and Drug Administration in reviewing new devices and then explains this process in some detail as it applies to implantable middle ear hearing devices. The role of the Food and Drug Administration is to protect the patient and physician by reviewing devices for safety and effectiveness before they are made available for general use.

Device Approval↗
PubMed2005

Minimal tolerance to the bronchoprotective effect of inhaled salmeterol/fluticasone combination on allergene challenge.

In order to assess whether the administration of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate combination (50/250 mcg by Diskus) for 1 week induces tolerance to the bronchoprotective effect of salmeterol on allergen challenge, a single-blind, cross-over study was carried out. We studied nine subjects (eight men and one woman; mean age+/-SD: 31.3+/-11.0 yr) with mild intermittent allergic asthma, never treated with regular beta2-agonists or inhaled corticosteroids. In a previous allergen challenge all subjects had shown a positive early airway response (EAR) to allergen. They underwent allergen challenge after 1-week treatment with placebo and a single dose of placebo immediately before allergen challenge (T1), or 1-week treatment with placebo and a single dose of salmeterol/fluticasone immediately before allergen challenge (T2), or 1-week treatment with salmeterol/fluticasone combination bid and a single dose of salmeterol/fluticasone immediately before allergen challenge (T3). EAR was evaluated both as maximum decrease in FEV1 (MaxDeltaFEV1 %) after allergen challenge and as area under FEV1 -time curve. MaxDeltaFEV1 % during allergen challenge protected by placebo (T1) was significantly greater than MaxDeltaFEV1 % during allergen challenges protected by single dose of salmeterol/fluticasone (T2) and by salmeterol/fluticasone 1-week treatment (T3). No difference was found in MaxDeltaFEV1 % between T2 and T3. The same results were observed also after computing the area under the curve for each challenge. When individually considered, all subjects were protected against EAR (protection index > or = 80%) at T2, while at 3 seven out of nine subjects were still protected against EAR. In conclusion, the simultaneous administration of salmeterol and fluticasone in the same device prevents in almost 80% of examined subjects the development of tolerance to the protective effect of salmeterol on allergen challenge. This observation may contribute to explain the positive interaction between inhaled beta2-agonists and corticosteroids in the long-term treatment of asthma.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2001

Factors associated with hearing loss among workers of the airline industry in Korea.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a major occupational hazard. Occupational noise exposure threatens the hearing of many workers. In addition to noise exposure in the workplace, multiple factors affect individual susceptibility to NIHL. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with hearing loss in airport workers. A cross-sectional epidemiological design was used. Study subjects were 255 high noise-exposed full-time male workers at a large metropolitan airport in Korea. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire, blood pressure measurement, audiological assessment, and a record review of baseline hearing and noise levels of locations where the employee worked. The result of multivariate analysis showed that both occupational noise exposure (noise exposure level, years of noise exposure) and personal risk factors including non-occupational noise exposure, history of ear disease, ototoxic drug use, cigarette smoking, hypertension, and use of hearing protective devices (HPDs) were significantly associated with hearing loss. An aggressive hearing conservation program is needed at the airport, emphasizing both job-related noise exposure and personal risk factors for hearing loss.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Clinical classification of positional plagiocephaly.

Positional plagiocephaly deformities have increased dramatically in all craniofacial clinics in the United States. There are multiple methods for evaluating the degree of deformity, all of which are expensive, time consuming, and have poor reproducibility. We present a clinical classification of plagiocephaly deformities that we have employed since 1998. The classification allows us to quantitate the degree of deformity in these children at any given time, to reliably determine quantitative changes from evaluation to evaluation. The technique is highly reproducible, cost effective and readily understandable to the family, as well as referring physicians.

Communication↗
PubMed1978

Speech recognition with dynamic range reduction: (1) deaf and normal subjects in laboratory conditions.

Processing to reduce the dynamic range of speech should increase intelligibility and protect the impaired ear from overloading. There are theoretical and practical objections to using AGC devices to reduce dynamic range. These are overcome by using recently available signal processing employing high frequency carrier clipping. An increase in intelligibility of speech with this HFCC has been demonstrated, for normal subjects with simulated deafness, and for most partially hearing patients. Intelligibility is not improved for some patients; possibly due to their having learned to extract features which are lost. These patients may also benefit after training.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1989

Framework night guards for implant-retained auricular prostheses.

Prosthetic ear rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants involves using a cast or preformed framework (bar) constructed to fit the implant abutments. Retention of the prosthesis is obtained through clips or magnets. Because the prosthetic ear is not worn during sleep, the ends of the retention bar are left exposed. These projections may become entangled with the linen or hair. To prevent this problem a night guard constructed of soft mouth-guard material is worn over the retentive bar while the patient is sleeping.

Ear, External↗