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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Dermatology--24th Hawaii Seminar. 7-12 February 2000, Big Island, HI, USA.

At this seminar, several encouraging developments were demonstrated in various areas of dermatology practice. Much attention was focused on topical tacrolimus, the US approval of which, for the treatment of atopic dermatitis is much anticipated. The general consensus from trials was that the drug is safe and effective, and it is hoped that it will be of use in pediatric cases. Additional data were presented regarding the use of cyclosporin in psoriasis patients, with some evidence that low doses could be delivered safely with adequate monitoring. Safety was an issue in many of the sessions, reflecting the increasing involvement of potentially toxic therapies within dermatology. The debate regarding the use of topical tretinoin during pregnancy continues, and pharmacokinetic evidence was presented to demonstrate that systemic absorption of the drug is minimal. The range of diseases treated by topical imiquimod may be expanded with data suggesting that it may have benefits in the treatment of basal cell carcinomas. Surgical dermatology also featured heavily in the meeting, reflecting the more interventional approaches favored by dermatologists today.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

[Free versus non-free treatments with laser and intense pulsed light in dermatology: distinguishing medical laser treatments to be provided free of charge from cosmetic self-payment treatments].

Lasers and light sources are increasingly used in dermatology. Due to the limited financial resources of the public health care system, the Danish Dermatological Society has developed recommendations for distinguishing medical laser treatments to be provided free of charge from cosmetic self-payment treatments. Several considerations underlie the recommendations: present legislation; the diagnosis, etiology, severity, and anatomical location of the disease; and the availability of evidence-based treatments. It is suggested that the recommendations constitute the basis for referring patients to dermatological treatment involving laser and intense pulsed light in Denmark.

Cosmetic Techniques↗
PubMed2005

[Genetic polymorphism of Malassezia spp. yeast isolates from individuals with and without dermatological lesions].

INTRODUCTION: Malassezia spp. yeasts are opportunistic and newly emergent diseases. One or more species have been isolated in association with dermatological pathology and systemic disease. Their pathological role has not been fully elucidated since Malassezia spp. are common in normal skin flora. OBJECTIVE: In the current study, a search was undertaken for genetic markers in the Malassezia spp. isolates that correlate with each type of dermatologic lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 103 strains of Malassezia spp were isolated from patients with pytiriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis HIV (+), and atopic dermatitis, as well as from healthy individuals. Eight isolates from CBS Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (Netherlands) were used as controls. Fingerprinting was done using random amplification of polymorphic DNA technique (RAPD) with three primers (OPA2, OPA4, OPA13). The data were analyzed with Diversity Database and SYN-TAX-PC programs. RESULTS: Intraspecies genetic heterogeneity in M. furfur, M. globosa, M. restricta, M. slooffiae, M. obtusa was observed, whereas M. sympodialis showed the greatest homogeneity. CONCLUSION: The dermatological disease caused by these different species was not associated with distinctive RAPD fingerprints.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2006

[Antibacterial activity of nadifloxacin against Staphylococcus and Propionibacterium isolated from patients with dermatological infections].

Nadifloxacin (NDFX) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic developed by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and is used as a topical drug for the treatment of infections in the field of dermatology. We investigated the susceptibility of a total of 575 strains (two kinds of Staphylococcus species and Propionibacterium species which were isolated from patients with dermatological infections for 3 periods, i.e., 1996, 2000 and 2005) to NDFX and other reference antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the four antibiotics, NDFX, levofloxacin (LVFX), clindamycin (CLDM) and gentamicin (GM), against the test strains were determined by the agar dilution methods, in according with the Japan Society of Chemotherapy. The antibacterial activity of NDFX against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis and P. acnes was the most potent of all the antibiotics tested, and there were no test organisms which became resistant to NDFX with period. The MIC90 values of NDFX for the four test organisms isolated in 2005 were 0.05 microg/mL; MSSA, 1.56 microg/mL; MRSA, 0.78 microg/mL; S. epidermidis and 0.20 microg/mL; P. acnes, respectively. On the other hand, there were LVFX-, CLDM- and GM-resistant MRSA. The MIC50 values of CLDM and GM for MRSA were >100 and 25 microg/mL, respectively. The MIC50 value of GM for P acnes was 12.5 microg/mL, but NDFX was potently active against these organisms as compared with these two antibiotics and the MIC50 values of NDFX were 0.05 microg/mL for MRSA and 0.20 microg/mL for P. acnes. These results suggest that NDFX is even at present useful as an antibiotic for the treatment of infections in the field of dermatology though it is more than 12 years since the approval to manufacture and sell the drug was obtained in 1993.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical pictures and classification of somatoform disorders in dermatology.

Somatoform disorders in dermatology are a heterogeneous group from a biopsychosocial point of view. Among the clinical patterns we find, for example, pruritus, pain, paresthesia as well as feelings of disfiguration, eco-syndromes, erythrophobia or psychogenic pseudoeffluvium. The multiple clinical symptoms are usually accompanied by psychosocial disorders, these are subjective complaints by the patient which cannot be medically objectified. The relevant somatoform disorders in dermatology can be differentiated as somatisation disorders, hypochondriacal disorders, somatoform autonomous disorders, persistent somatoform pain disorders and "other somatoform disorders". A precise differential-diagnostic division is necessary in order to initiate adequate therapy strategies. With this overview article, we would like to make an updated classification recommendation for dermatology and present experiences in therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

An overview of dermatology for primary care providers.

Primary care providers should have a working knowledge of dermatology to enable them to recognize common benign and potentially malignant skin lesions and to make referrals when appropriate. It is also useful in the differential diagnosis of ocular conditions that have cutaneous manifestations. This paper presents a review of dermatological terminology and screening techniques that may be employed by primary care providers. An overview of common or significant dermatological conditions with which they should be familiar also is presented.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1991

"Superficially speaking"--a dermatology quiz.

This presentation is a dermatology case in quiz form with a 4-point differential. The patient, a 44-year-old man admitted to Psychiatry Service for management of chronic psychosis, was noted to have multiple, circular, well-circumscribed violaceous cutaneous plaques resembling various dermatological conditions. This case underscores the importance of careful historical, clinical, and laboratory investigation to establish the correct diagnosis when evaluating skin lesions. Judicious laboratory testing may be helpful in excluding diseases such as syphilis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which may mimic other dermatological conditions. Test your clinical acumen by deciding on a diagnosis. The correct answer is revealed in the discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Psychosomatic dermatology].

An appreciative cooperation among dermatology, clinical psychology and psychology and psychiatry is necessary and useful. By selected facts interactions between central and autonomous nervous system on one side and the immune system on the other side were described. As far as the neutrocutaneous interrelations are concerned the cutaneous stimulation appears to be an important factor for the physical and physiologic development. In addition, the skin communicates to the environment and other people. Therefore, it plays a role in the social integration. Psychiatric diseases can affect the skin (e.g. delusions of parasitosis in schizophrenia). On the other hand primary skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acune vulgaris, chronic idiopathic urticaria and alopecia areata may induce psychologic features. The characteristics of the personalities of dermatological patients are discussed. The psychodiagnostics (personal interview, questionaires) is followed by psychotherapeutic procedures such as personal consultations, treatment in groups, hypnosis and autogenous training. Our experiences in the psychodiagnostics and treatment are briefly reported. Finally, psychotropic drugs-antipsychotic, anti-depressant, antianxiety, and hypnotic agents - may be useful as an adjunct in the management of dermatologic disorders, if applied under precautious indications.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

[The dermatologic check-up].

The aim of dermatologic check-up is the early diagnosis of asymptomatic potentially dangerous skin changes. An early melanoma may be cured by simple excision. Dermatologic signs in general medicine are very important. Paraneoplastic symptoms in patients with glucagonoma consist of the typical necrolytic migratory erythema. Acrokeratosis Bazex is seen in patients with larynx carcinoma and dermatomyositis or acanthosis nigricans may occur in patients with internal malignancy. Spider angioma, jaundice, changes in hair pattern and white nails may be cutaneous signs of liver disease or necrobiosis lipoidica may be found in diabetic patients. Renal transplants and patients with HIV infection should be submitted for a dermatological check-up every six months. In these people several malignant tumors are seen more often than in control people.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Initial experience with CO2 laser in treating dermatological conditions.

CO2 laser was first used in the treatment of melanomas in animals. Since then, it has been successfully used in treating many dermatological conditions. A total of 47 patients were treated once as outpatients in Middle Road Hospital by using Model 720 Sharplan CO2 Laser System and Yoshida Opelaser-01 CO2 Laser System to determine the usefulness of CO2 laser in the treatment of various dermatological conditions. The laser was used mainly in the defocused mode at 10 watts. Local anaesthetic with 1% lignocaine HCL was employed in all cases. 3 patients defaulted follow-up. Of the 30 patients with warts, most of which were recalcitrant, 14 were cured and the remaining 16 showed marked improvement. 4 of the 5 patients with lichen simplex chronicus were cured. 1 patient each of the following conditions were also treated; prurigo nodularis, psoriasis, solar keratosis, ingrowing toe nail, Bowen's disease, infected callosity and lichen amyloidosis; cure was achieved in the former 4 conditions. The laser failed to cure 2 patients with pyogenic granuloma. Side effects included hypopigmentation (62%), mild post-operative pain (11%), scarring (11%), excess granulation tissue (11%), and infection (2%). CO2 laser is a potentially useful, effective and safe treatment modality for many dermatological conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Dermatologic signs in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

The dermatologic changes in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa may be the first signs to give the clinician a clue that an eating disorder is present, as many of these patients either deny their symptoms or secretly refuse to comply with treatment. The dermatologic signs are a result of (1) starvation or malnutrition, eg, lanugolike body hair, asteatotic skin, brittle hair and nails, and carotenodermia; (2) self-induced vomiting, eg, hand calluses, dental enamel erosion, gingivitis, and a Sjögrenlike syndrome; (3) use of laxatives, diuretics, or emetics and their dermatologic side effects; and (4) other concomitant psychiatric illness, eg, hand dermatitis from compulsive handwashing. Further, as most of the cutaneous signs are not specific to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, failure to include eating disorders in the differential diagnosis may lead to misdiagnosis of the cutaneous symptoms.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1988

Cyclosporine in dermatology.

The entry of Cs into dermatology has been remarkable. It is too soon to say that the consequences will be revolutionary, but if the drug continues with its present promise and if toxicity does not prove a problem it could indeed promote a therapeutic revolution. In addition to this, Cs is likely to induce many new thoughts about possible mechanisms in dermatology and perversely in immunology, especially if it transpires that the mechanism of action of the drug is local and on an effector pathway. Thus it is too soon to predict what might be the place for Cs in dermatology. For the moment it is clear that there is an immense area in which a good deal of work has to be done to know whether the drug will fulfill its very great promise and the further prospect too that new analogues and topical preparations may take the therapeutic possibilities even further.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1987

[Nutritional therapy in dermatology today].

Besides a short presentation of some of today's diets, the clinical experiences of the Dermatological Clinic of Minden and four nondermatological clinics with the additional use of lactovegetarian nutrition in various dermatological syndromes is reported. The principals of lactovegetarian nutrition are explained and it's possible effects on some dermatological syndromes are discussed.

Diet, Vegetarian↗
PubMed1986

New diagnostic methods in dermatological mycology.

In dermatological mycology, direct microscopy and culture are the main diagnostic procedures. Microscopic examination of a wet KOH preparation is usually satisfactory for the detection of the infecting organism based on the morphological characteristics of the fungal elements. However, examination of the KOH mount requires skill and experience. In order to help the unskilled personnel to recognize fungal elements by microscopic examination, a number of differential strains have been described. Great strides have been made to improve the sensitivity and specificity of direct microscopy for the detection of fungi also on chemical properties of the fungal cell wall. Thus fluorescence microscopy using fluorescent brighteners, e.g. Blancophor BA holds great promise for its wide application in dermatologic mycology. Culture media enjoy considerable application in the isolation and identification of dermatophytes and Candida species from clinical specimens. Some novel media have been formulated recently to assist in the early detection and identification of some fastidious dermatophytes e.g. Trichophyton verrucosum. In dermatological mycology the predictive diagnostic value of the diagnostic tests has to be delineated for each disease state. As an example, direct microscopy is a useful diagnostic procedure for the detection of dermatophytes and Pityrosporum-yeasts in clinical materials, but less valuable for the detection of Candida. Furthermore, considerable attention needs to be focused on the utilization of new and old diagnostic tests from a series of viewpoints including necessity, usefulness, clinical relevance and cost-benefit analysis.

Candida↗
PubMed1971

Dermatologic radiotherapy--R.I.P.

A questionnaire returned by nearly 3,000 dermatologists indicates that about 75 percent of them have discontinued completely the use of x-ray therapy in acne. An additional 11 percent use it in less than 10 percent of their patients who have this disease."Hazards" constituted the greatest deterrent to the use of ionizing radiation. Yet the assumption that it can cause skin cancers, in the absence of radiodermatitis, is not proved and its importance as an additive energy to solar radiation is considered to be limited. About one-third of the respondents expressed belief that better treatments were available for this condition. An equal number were concerned with public resistance to this therapeutic agent, which, however, seems to be more apparent than real. Probably the major roadblock was posed by the dermatologic training centers where teaching was withheld despite a rule of the American Board of Dermatology favoring it. Other factors mentioned with some frequency included ineffectiveness of radiotherapy, lack of equipment, and fiscal and medicolegal considerations. This study indicates that dermatologic radiation therapy is passing into oblivion.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1982

Dermatological reactions to lithium: a critical review of the literature.

This article reviews clinical reports of dermatological reactions to lithium. Such reactions include maculopapular, acneiform, and follicular eruptions, psoriasis, and other manifestations. Standard psychiatric texts offer the psychiatrist little information concerning the prevalence or seriousness of these reactions, nor do they discuss the effectiveness of various treatment alternatives. More surprisingly, most dermatology texts do not even describe skin reactions to lithium. Dermatological reactions to lithium may occur more commonly than previously documented, but with the exception of some psoriatic cases, management without the need for lithium discontinuation is usually possible.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

Dermatologic problems in athletes.

The dermatologic problems observed in athletes are related to their skin type, age, sex, sporting activities, environment, and hereditary factors. The most common dermatologic problems are acne; bacterial, fungal, and viral infections; infestations, and contact dermatitis. The dermatologic conditions that exclude an athlete from participating in the sporting event are infectious disorders. Early recognition and treatment of these skin diseases permit the athlete to continue participation without disability or reduced performance.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

[Human bone marrow burden in dermatologic radiation].

The exposure to radiation of the entire red bone marrow was determined in three dermatologic X-ray treatment situations by means of a phantom in which the bones were supplied with 55 measuring sites. In each measurement the field was in the area of the left cheek. The parameters of radiation were in measurement 1/2/3: voltage = 50/43/43 kV, filter = 1.0/0.6/0.6 mm Al, field = 12.5/12.5/3.0 cm diameter, focus-skin distance = 30/30/15 cm, tissue half-value thickness = 13.0/7.5/5 mm. Related to a surface dose of 400 rad, the radiation exposure of the red marrow was 1555 mrad in measurement 1, 556 mrad in measurement 2 and 118 mrad in measurement 3. These results are discussed. The exposure to radiation of the red marrow in dermatologic X-ray treatments is not negligible and should not be omitted when evaluating the benefit and risk of dermatologic X-ray treatments.

Bone Marrow↗