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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

SUBTRACT: a computer program for modeling the process of subtractive hydridization.

We report on a new software tool, SUBTRACT, which allows the analysis of the possible strategies for an experiment based on a mathematical model of subtractive hybridization. The program helps the experimenter choose the optimal strategy and conditions for performing the reaction. The program allows the modeling of cDNA and genomic subtraction for different types of target DNA. SUBTRACT offers a friendly interface for the investigation of the dynamics of the process of subtractive hybridization, and for modifying different parameters and initial conditions. SUBTRACT allows the user to plot the values of interesting quantities as a function of the reaction time. The program runs under the Unix operating system on Sun-compatible computers.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

bpshape wk4: a computer program that implements a physiological model for analyzing the shape of blood pressure waveforms.

We describe the theory and computer implementation of a newly-derived mathematical model for analyzing the shape of blood pressure waveforms. Input to the program consists of an ECG signal, plus a single continuous channel of peripheral blood pressure, which is often obtained invasively from an indwelling catheter during intensive-care monitoring or non-invasively from a tonometer. Output from the program includes a set of parameter estimates, made for every heart beat. Parameters of the model can be interpreted in terms of the capacitance of large arteries, the capacitance of peripheral arteries, the inertance of blood flow, the peripheral resistance, and arterial pressure due to basal vascular tone. Aortic flow due to contraction of the left ventricle is represented by a forcing function in the form of a descending ramp, the area under which represents the stroke volume. Differential equations describing the model are solved by the method of Laplace transforms, permitting rapid parameter estimation by the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Parameter estimates and their confidence intervals are given in six examples, which are chosen to represent a variety of pressure waveforms that are observed during intensive-care monitoring. The examples demonstrate that some of the parameters may fluctuate markedly from beat to beat. Our program will find application in projects that are intended to correlate the details of the blood pressure waveform with other physiological variables, pathological conditions, and the effects of interventions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Delta check system for detection and further management of laboratory errors. Second report. Computer program to identify laboratory errors.

A delta-check system has been introduced for routine work in our laboratory to detect laboratory errors in blood chemistry. All pairs of data that exceed allowable limits were displayed for each item. To easily understand the details, these data were displayed on a graph divided for each analyzer. Looking at this graph the responsible causes were inferred from the number or type of analyzers and from the number of items in which errors were detected. Following this first report, the algorithm involved in the last processes was programmed. When all data derived from analyzers were put into the personal computer, 1) the details of errors were shown separately for each analyzer and item, and 2) presumed causes to be identified finally from the results of confirmative tests were displayed graphically at the same time according to our program. By this system, most of the errors that may happen during the whole course of tests, from the time a laboratory test was ordered until it was interpreted, were detected more rapidly, thoroughly and objectively inside the laboratory before the data were reported to the clinical ward. This system is also regarded as an indispensable base for the development of an accurate interpretation of laboratory data.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1991

A computer program designed for the analysis of data from rat caries studies.

The Keyes method for scoring dental caries in the rat animal model has been used as the basis for a computer-assisted scoring system on the Apple Macintosh personal computer that is described here. The program provides the ability to draw on diagrams of the rat molar dentition and to enter enamel lesion scores (L, E) and dentinal lesion scores (Ds, Dm, and Dx) for all aspects of the molars. The scores and drawings may be changed at any time. Total carious teeth and totals of L, E, Ds, Dm, and Dx are automatically calculated and presented upon user command. Error trapping for typographical errors is provided. In addition, the program provides automatic storage of the collected information, searching and sorting on any of the experimental parameters and on-disk help files that can be accessed from any place within the program. The capacity to obtain printed copy of any or all of the stored information is provided in the program. The program also enables the creation of external data files containing totals for carious teeth, in addition to L, E, Ds, Dm, and Dx totals for each animal of each group represented in the data base. These files are suitable for the transfer of data to commercially available programs for graphical and statistical analyses. The programming technique we describe could be extended to other model systems with standardized scoring for oral disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[New possibilities of individual fitting of hard contact lenses with use of computer programs and videokeratography (CVK)].

The aim of the following paper is to evaluate possibilities of modern computer technologies and CVK in fitting of hard contact lenses in difficult cases of keratoconus or in order to improve their tolerance. 425 patients were examined (761 eyes) 289 men and 135 women, age - between 11 and 56 years of life, giving the average of 26 years. Evaluation was carried out by means of retrospective method, analyzing the effect of fitting in the 2nd and 3rd stage of keratoconus, advancement in the Amsler and Muckenchirn's scale. The procedure involved the technique of parallel application to the cornea. Computer technique enabled fast and precise fitting of lenses in difficult cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pocket computer program for fitting the Michaelis-Menten equation.

This paper presents a program written for the Radio Shack TRS-80 or the Sharp PC 1211 pocket computers for fitting the Michaelis-Menten equation to experimental data by a non-linear regression analysis. The program determines the kinetic parameters Km and Vm, their standard errors and the residual standard error. In addition it performs a simulation of a kinetic experiment using the parameter values previously determined.

Computers↗
PubMed1980

An interactive computer program that accurately estimates the ED50, its standard error and other parameters related to the probit regression line.

A program suitable for terminal, conversational-mode usage was developed in the BASIC language to compute the median effective dose (LD50), various error terms, and confidence intervals. The overall algorithm used in the program was based on a method described by Finney. The accuracy, speed and flexibility of the program makes the terminal approach an efficient alternative to simple graphic methods.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

On the identification of verbs in computer programs of physiological models.

The rationale for identifying verbs (actions modeled) in the source code of a mathematical model is presented, with algorithms leading to computational techniques for devising explanations of such models. Using flow graph methodology the source code of a program can be described as disjoint intervals of its directed acyclic graph. Intervals of this set containing complete loops represent the code structure conceptually equivalent to verbs modeled. In turn, such structures can be mapped uniquely as functional dependencies of the intensional form of a relational data base which is the model output. Simulation, then, can be viewed as retrieval, and the logical inferences of a model appear to be derivable via relational algebra of the data base. In these terms, a verb is a relation consisting of at least one variable defined in an interval. The relation's key attributes must include at least one variable, also defined in the interval. Verb definitions are essential if programs are to explain themselves.

Computers↗