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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Glycosphingolipids in cestodes. Chemical structures of ceramide monosaccharide, disaccharide, trisaccharide and tetrasaccharide from metacestodes of the fox tapeworm, Taenia crassiceps (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea).

The presence of glycosphingolipids in the metacestodes of the fox tapeworm, Taenia crassiceps, has been established. The normal-phase TLC pattern of the neutral-fraction glycolipids revealed groups of bands corresponding to homologous components of increasing sugar chain length. The three simplest glycolipid components have been isolated and their chemical constitution determined as being of the neogala series: Gal beta 1Cer, Gal beta 6Gal beta 1Cer and Gal beta 6Gal beta 6Gal beta 1Cer. The ceramide tetrasaccharide fraction has been found to consist of a mixture of neogalatetraosylceramide, as an elongation of the neogala series, Gal beta 6Gal beta 6Gal beta 6Gal beta 1Cer and the component Gal alpha 4Gal beta 6Gal beta 6Gal beta 1Cer (both occurring in approximately equimolar proportions). The long-chain bases of the ceramide monogalactoside, digalactoside, trigalactoside and tetragalactosides contain, as well as small amounts of sphingosine, predominantly dihydrosphingosine/phytosphingosine in the approximate ratios 1.7:1, 1.4:1, 1:1 and 2.3:1, respectively. The major ceramide fatty acids have particularly long chains, with hexacosanoic and octacosanoic acids predominating. Upon reverse-phase TCL, the glycolipid components ceramide monogalactoside, digalactoside and trigalactoside were each separable into five component bands. Parent glycolipid components therefore show component band distributions comparable to one another in being governed by similar ceramide constitutions.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

Neurosecretory cells in a cestode, Hymenolepis diminuta.

A group of nerve cells in the rostellum become progressively more fuchsinophilic during the first 16 days of development; they then release their secretion into their axons at about the time that the first proglottid is released.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Efficacy of oxfendazole against natural infestations of nematodes and cestodes in sheep in Egypt.

Oxfendazole liquid suspension (Systamex; Wellcome) was administered orally at the dose of 4.5 mg per kg to 800 indigenous Egyptian sheep clinically affected with Dictyocaulus filaria, Moniezia expansa, Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, Nematodirus spp, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia curticei, Trichuris ovis and Oesophagostomum spp. A 100 per cent clearance was recorded for all parasites with the exception of T ovis which were markedly reduced in number.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Larvae of gryporhynchid cestodes (Cyclophyllidea) from fish: a review.

Larvae (metacestodes) of tapeworms of the cyclophyllidean family Gryporhynchidae (previously included in the Dilepididae) occur in different internal organs of fresh- and brackish water fish (110 fish species of 27 families in 12 orders reported), which serve as the second intermediate hosts. The species composition, spectrum of fish hosts, sites of infection, and geographical distribution of gryporhynchids recorded from fish are reviewed here on the basis of literary data and examination of extensive material from helminthological collections. Metacestodes of the following genera have been found in fish: Amirthalingamia Bray, 1974 (1 species), Ascodilepis Guildal, 1960 (1), Cyclustera Fuhrmann, 1901 (4), Dendrouterina Fuhrmann, 1912 (1), Glossocercus Chandler, 1935 (3), Neogryporhynchus Baer et Bona, 1960 (1), Paradilepis Hsü, 1935 (5), Parvitaenia Burt, 1940 (2), and Valipora Linton, 1927 (3). However, most published records concern only three species, namely Neogryporhynchus cheilancristrotus (Wedl, 1855) from the intestinal lumen, Paradilepis scolecina (Rudolphi, 1819) from the liver and mesenteries, and Valipora campylancristrota (Wedl, 1855) from the gall bladder of cyprinids and other fish in the Palaearctic Region. Data on other species as well as reports from other regions are very scarce and almost no information is available from Australia, tropical Asia and South America. A recent study of gryporhynchid metacestodes from Mexico (Scholz and Salgado-Maldonado 2001), which reported 13 species, suggested that they may be more common than indicated by records in the literature. Although only a few cases of pathogenic influence of larvae on fish hosts have been reported, the veterinary importance of gryporhynchids remains to be assessed on the basis of more detailed studies. The data available indicate a strict host and site specificity of some species whereas others occur in a wide spectrum of fish hosts and are not strictly site-specific. Evaluation of Paradilepis larvae from the liver of salmonid fish from British Columbia, Canada, identified as P. simoni Rausch, 1949 by Ching (1982), has shown that they probably belong to two species, P. simoni and P. rugovaginosus Freeman, 1954. Metacestodes of the latter species and those of Cyclustera magna (Baer, 1959) from the intestinal wall of Tilapia zillii (Gervais) from Kenya are reported from fish for the first time.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Method for ejecting cestodes: duodenal tube injection of gastrografin.

Most of the conventional anthelmintics for cestodiasis are known to destroy the worm body. The risk of cysticercosis and recurrence of cestodiasis will be avoided only if tapeworms are ejected with intact bodies and scoleces . Two cases with Diphyllobothrium latum and two with Taenia saginata were treated by administration of 200-300 ml of Gastrografin through a duodenal tube. The worm bodies were confirmed by fluoroscopy, and the expelled worms were alive and had intact scoleces . No adverse effects were noted in the patients during or after the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Ultrastructural study of neurosecretory cells in the nervous system in the cestode (Taenia hydatigena).

The neurosecretory cells in nervous system of the Taenia hydatigena was studied light- and electron-microscopically. On the basis of the cytological structure they were divided into two types: type I neurosecretory cells, which containing large dense-cored vesicles, small elongated mitochondria and a large amount of free ribosomes, were located mainly in the central and peripheral nervous system; type II neurosecretory cells were characterized by their moderate amount of free ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum which contacted with the membranes of perikarya, large ovoid mitochondria, large dense-cored vesicles and their localization in the musculature near serve profiles. The synaptic and nonsynaptic contacts i.e. omega figure and exocytosis release sites were seen in the neuropile, musculature and excretory ducts. The present findings suggest that neurosecretory cells in nervous system may play an important integrative roles of both neuronal and endocrine in the flatworm.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Subcellular localization and some properties of the N-deacetylase of the Cestode Moniezia expansa.

1. Acetanilide, acetamidophenol, acetanisidide, acetamidobenzoic acid and acetamidobenzaldehyde were hydrolysed by enzyme preparations from Moniezia expansa. Deacetylation occurred in the distal cytoplasm of the proglottids. 2. N-Deacetylase activity was found in the 75 000g supernatant of the tapeworm homogenates. The molecular weight of the enzyme was about 95 000. 3. The optimal pH of deacetylation for all substrates was 7-4. Dithiothreitol enhanced the reaction, but glutathione and cysteine were without effect. 4. Deacetylase activity was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoate, N-ethylmaleimide, Zn++, Cu++ and anthelmintic organophosphates.

Acetanilides↗
PubMed1976

Azo- and nitro-reductases of the cestode Moniezia expansa. Substrate specificity, reaction products and the effects of flavins and other compounds.

1. The effects of various inhibitors and activators on the azo- and nitro-reductases of Moniezia expansa have been studied. Both reductions were partially inhibited by FAD, FMN, riboflavin, allopurinol, dicoumarol, 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde, azide and cyanide at 1 mM. Both reactions were stimulated by hypoxanthine. Menadione, nitrofurantoin, SKF 525-A (2-diethylaminoethyl 2,2-diphenylvalerate) and fluoride were without effect. 2. Xanthine- and aldehyde-oxidase activities were not detected in the enzyme preparation. 3. The substrate specificity of the azo- and nitro-reductases were determined. Azobenzene, 4-dimethylamino-azobenzene and 1,2-dimethyl-4-(4-carboxyphenylazo)-5-hydroxybenzene, nitrobenzene, 4-nitrohippuric acid and the isomers of nitrophenol, nitroanisole, nitrobenzoic acid, nitrobenzaldehyde and nitrobenzyl alcohol were reduced. Nitrobenzaldehyde isomers were not reduced to the alcohols and the coumaric acids were not reduced to the phenylpropionic acids. 4. The products of azo- and nitro-reduction were the corresponding amines; hydroxylamino- and hydrazo-compounds were not detected. 5. The pH optima and cofactor requirements were the same for both azo- and nitro-reduction. Neither reaction was inhibited by oxygen.

Aldehyde Oxidoreductases↗