Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Bacteriuria”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women: urinalysis versus urine culture.

A diagnostic test study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a simple urinalysis as a screening test for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) in pregnant women. Seven hundred and seventy four asymptomatic pregnant women attending their first antenatal care at Srinagarind Hospital from June 1, 1994 to January 31, 1995 were studied. Simple urinalysis and urine culture were performed on all 774 subjects. The presence of > or = 5 WBC/HPF of centrifuged urine indicated a positive test. ABU was defined as the presence of > or = 10(5) colony forming units of single bacteria per milliliter of urine. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of simple urinalysis in detecting ABU, using urine culture as a gold standard were calculated. Simple urinalysis had a 18.4 per cent sensitivity, 97.2 per cent specificity, 45.7 per cent positive predictive value, 90.4 per cent negative predictive value and 88.4 per cent accuracy in detecting ABU. Because of its low sensitivity and the possible consequences of ABU, simple urinalysis should not be used as a screening test for ABU.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1975

Self-screening for significant bacteriuria. Evaluation of dip-strip combination nitrite/culture test.

A self-administered dip-strip device was used to screen for urinary tract infection in female subjects. Fifty-two cases of significant persistent bacteriuria were detected among 2,250 subjects by simultaneous use of pourplate quantitative cultures. The dip-strip culture test had good reliability in detecting Gram-negative organisms. Repeated nitrite tests, performed on first-morning specimens and read by the patient, also had good reliability in detecting Gram-negative bacteria. No false-positive test occurred. The device is effective in screening out contaminants, thus decreasing the need for repeated testing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Positive urine nitrite test: an accurate predictor of absence of pure enterococcal bacteriuria.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the potential ability of the urine nitrite test (NT) to predict the class of organism causing urinary tract infection. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all adult patients with a positive urine culture over a 6-month period. The infecting microorganisms and the urine NT results were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 729 positive cultures met inclusion criteria. Twenty-one (11%) of the 190 gram-positive organisms and 199 (46%) of the 429 gram-negative organisms yielded a positive NT. Only 5.3% of samples with pure growth of enterococcus yielded a positive NT. The predictive value that a sample yielding a positive NT would show pure growth of enterococcus was low at 2.3%. CONCLUSION: A positive NT is highly predictive of the absence of pure enterococcal bacteriuria.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Symptomatic bacteriuria due to Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma in adults.

314 women, and 52 men were screened during 18 months, for the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in a midstream specimens of urine. All the patients were adults with symptoms of urinary tract infection who consulted a physician at a Primary Health Center "José Castro Villagrana" in Tlalpan, D.F. México. Ureaplasma urealyticum was isolated in 54 (17.1%) of the women and 8 (15.4%) of the men. Only Escherichia coli and Gardnerella vaginalis were isolated more frequently in both groups, 36.6% and 25.4%, respectively in women and 58.5% and 30.8% in men Mycoplasma hominis was isolated in 12 (3.8%) in women and 4 (7.7%) in men. The bacteriuria due to fastidious bacteria or Ureaplasmas that is not detected by routine culture methods are relatively common and would not necessarily respond to antibiotic treatment for conventional urinary tract pathogens.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Urinary antiseptics in asymptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy.

A screening programme for the detection of asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients attending an antenatal clinic is described. The results obtained from the use of urinary antiseptics in a controlled trial over a period of two years are presented. The number of patients developing clinical pyelonephritis, fetal maturity at delivery and birth weight were recorded for treatment and control groups and compared with the equivalent results obtained from the total population of patients seen at the clinic.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1975

Screening obstetric out-patients for bacteriuria.

Two hundred urine samples were obtained at the out-patient Obstetric-Gynecology Clinic, Loyola University Medical Center, from women in various stages of pregnancy. The specimens were screened for bacteriuria using a new dehydrated and miniaturized culture medium and the results compared with standard agar cultures. Of the urines examined, 6.5% proved to be bacteriuruic (greater than 10(5) organisms/ml) based on agar cultures; results from the new culture method correlated well, yielding 11 true positives versus 13 from the agar plate and only 2 false positives in 200.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in infants in eastern Turkey.

In this study, the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) was investigated in the 146 infants without symptoms suggesting urinary tract infection, age ranged from 29 days to 15 months (mean 4.56 +/- 3.30 months). Our purpose was to determine the prevalence ofABU in infants living in Eastern Turkey and to define the relationship between pyuria and ABU in infants. Of 146 infants, 77 (52.7%) were males, and 69 (47.3%) were females. Although we would like to select randomized healthy infants for the study, 47 (32.1%) infants had a mild to severe malnutrition. While various microorganisms were cultured in 41 (28%) infants in the first urinary culture, only 18 (12.3%) infants had a positive culture in the second urinary culture. The prevalence of ABU was 12.3%. Although ABU prevalence was higher in the infants with malnutrition than those without malnutrition (14.8% 1 vs. 11.1%), there was not a difference between the groups (p>0.05). There was a positive relation between urinary culture positiveness and pyuria (p < 0.001). The prevalence of ABU was much higher (12.3%) than the literature data, which was probably related to very low socioeconomic status of our region where malnutrition and its related disorders are commonly seen. The high ratio might also be related to the method of urine collection, because we used sterile collecting bag, but not suprapubic aspiration method.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed2002

[Asymptomatic bacteriuria; management choices in different patient groups].

Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a common medical condition, especially in women and elderly people. It is generally considered to be a benign condition, which does not require screening or antibiotic treatment. However, there are a few exceptions for which screening is possibly worthwhile. For children it is unclear whether the early detection of ASB can result in better clinical outcomes. Screening is therefore not advised, except for young children during the first few months after a symptomatic urinary tract infection. For pregnant women the use of screening for ASB is also unclear and in general not indicated. Research is necessary into the possible transition from ASB to pyelonephritis and the possible connection with low birth weight and premature births. There are indications that ASB in women with type I diabetes mellitus can lead to a deterioration in the renal function, yet these are insufficient to recommend screening as a routine procedure.

Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary↗
PubMed2002

Delayed Salmonella bacteriuria in a patient infected with Schistosoma haematobium.

The authors report a case of Schistosoma haematobium infection with delayed occurrence of Salmonella bacteriuria following treatment of schistosomiasis. Standard models of interaction between these two pathogens may not be fully satisfactory in such a case of co-infection. The role played by a decreased host immune response following schistosomiasis may thus be highlighted to explain a delayed or prolonged infection with Salmonella.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparative trials of cefaclor AF in uncomplicated cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria.

Two different doses of cefaclor advanced formulation (AF), a new sustained-release formulation of cefaclor, were compared with the regular formulation of cefaclor for efficacy and safety in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria. A 7-day course of treatment was used, and the trials were double-dummy and double-blind. In one trial, cefaclor AF 500 mg once daily (at night) was compared with cefaclor 250 mg three times a day. Satisfactory clinical and bacteriological responses were found in 179/189 (94.7%) and 160/191 (83.8%) patients, respectively, given cefaclor AF and in 82/87 (94.3%) and 74/90 (82.2%) patients given cefaclor, 5-9 days after the end of treatment. In the other trial, cefaclor AF 375 mg twice daily was compared with cefaclor 250 mg three times a day. Satisfactory clinical and bacteriological responses were obtained in 164/180 (91.1%) and 156/184 (84.8%) patients, respectively, given cefaclor AF, and in 86/92 (93.5%) and 81/93 (87.1%) patients taking cefaclor, 5-9 days after the end of treatment. Very similar results were found in both studies in those patients who were assessable 3-5 weeks later. Only 4.3% and 2.4% of patients treated with cefaclor AF (375 mg and 500 mg, respectively) and 2.2% of cefaclor patients discontinued therapy due to adverse events. The three most commonly reported events were vaginal moniliasis or vaginitis (8.6%), headache (5.0%) and nausea (4.8%). No significant differences were found between clinical efficacy and safety parameters in the different study groups, and it was concluded that cefaclor AF in a twice-daily or once-daily dosage is as effective and as safe as the currently recommened three-times-a-day dosage of cefaclor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Prevalence, detection and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in a Turkish obstetric population.

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and urinary tract infection (UTI) and presenting symptoms of UTI as well as the most appropriate diagnostic test and success of single/combination drug treatment in a Turkish obstetric population. STUDY DESIGN: Between September and December 2000, 406 of 412 pregnant women admitted for an initial obstetric examination during the first trimester were evaluated. Results of clean-catch urine culture, microscopic urinalysis and dipstick urine tests were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of ASB (n = 43) and symptomatic UTI (n = 19) were 10.6% and 4.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of microscopic urinalysis were 71.0% and 73.6%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of dipstick testing were 38.7% and 35.8%, respectively. Eighty-three percent of ASB/UTI cases were effectively treated with a course of a single antimicrobial (amoxicillin or a first-generation cephalosporin). CONCLUSION: If untreated, ASB can lead to acute, symptomatic UTI, including acute pyelonephritis, which in turn is associated with preterm labor and low birth weight. Therefore, screening for ASB early in pregnancy by methods with high sensitivity and treatment with appropriate antimicrobial regimens can decrease the risk of symptomatic UTI. In a Turkish clinical unit where culture is not available, the use of microscopic urinalysis was a clinically effective alternative method of detecting ASB. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of dipstick testing were not high enough to recommend them as means of detecting ASB/UTI.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed2004

The use of a differential fluorescent staining method to detect bacteriuria.

BACKGROUND: This report describes a differential staining method which distinguishes gram-positive from gram-negative bacteria in fluorescence. Gram-positive bacteria appear yellow and gram-negative bacteria appear green. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The method is based on two fluorochromes, one acting in the wavelength of red, i.e. the acridine orange, and another acting in the wavelength of green, i.e. the fluorescein, which together form a red/ green system. In this report we compared the accuracy of the differential fluorescent staining method and the Gram stain in screening for bacteriuria, as detected by conventional cultures. RESULTS: A total of 1487 urine samples were tested. 289 cultures were positive. 237 specimens grew a single organism at 10(5) and 10(4) CFU/ml. 224 smears were detected by the differential fluorescent staining method and 162 were detected by Gram stain. 1198 samples failed to grow organisms at 10(5) and 10(4) CFU/ml. 107 smears were falsely positive by the fluorescent staining procedure and 289 were falsely positive by the Gram stain. On the basis of the culture results, the sensitivity of the differential fluorescent staining method was 94.5% and that of the Gram stain 68.3%. The specificity of the fluorescent staining procedure was 91.6% and that of the Gram stain 75.8%. The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of the fluorescent staining method were 67.6% and 98.8%, respectively. Those of the Gram stain were 35.9% and 92.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A wide range of microbiological and chemical techniques are available to identify bacteria in urine. This fluorescent staining method represents a simple, rapid, reliable method with low-running costs. The main advantage of this technique is that it enables the microbiologist to exclude the presence of bacteria in the urine within a short time after specimen receipt and to eliminate a large number of specimens for culture with significant cost saving. Another advantage of the method is that it allows to distinguish gram-positive from gram-negative bacteria in positive slides on the same day the sample is obtained. The stained smears were easily interpreted, even when the bacterial counts in the specimen were low.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed2004

Morbidity and significant bacteriuria after urodynamic studies.

INTRODUCTION: Urodynamic pressure flow studies (PFS) are increasingly utilised in assessing patients with lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction. Although minimally invasive, there is theoretical risk of morbidity and infection. This paper looks at the morbidity, the incidence and natural history of significant bacteriuria (SBU) occurring after PFS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing PFS in a General Hospital and meeting entry criteria were enrolled with informed consent. Each had urine culture specimens collected at the time of PFS (D0), 3 (D3) and 7 (D7) days after PFS and a 7-day symptom log. RESULTS: Ninety-three patients (44 males and 49 females), with a mean age of 52.2 years (range, 17 to 89) were evaluated. Twenty-five per cent (23/93) developed irritative LUT symptoms after PFS, but only 2/23 had a positive urine culture. All symptoms in culture-negative patients resolved within 5 days and none had sought medical treatment. The overall incidence of SBU was 13.9% (13/93) of whom 11/13 (95.7%) were asymptomatic. Majority of SBUs were detected on D3 but 30% developed late (D7). All asymptomatic SBUs were treated expectantly and 70% (7/11) resolved spontaneously by D14. 81.8% of organisms cultured were coliforms, and 18.2% enterococcus. There was no statistically significant correlation between age, sex, post-void residual and bladder outlet obstruction (diagnosed by PFS) and post-PFS morbidity or SBU. CONCLUSION: Symptoms occurring after PFS are mild, transient and rarely associated with infection. SBU after PFS is largely asymptomatic and self-resolving. Given the extremely low rate of symptomatic infection, antibiotic prophylaxis is not necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Loracarbef versus cefaclor in the treatment of cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria.

In this double-blind study, 333 patients (16 males, 317 females) with cystitis or asymptomatic bacteriuria were randomly assigned to receive 200 mg of loracarbef once daily (n = 164; mean age, 36 years) or 250 mg of cefaclor thrice daily (n = 169; mean age, 37 years) for seven days. Cystitis was diagnosed in 97.8% of the evaluable loracarbef-treated patients and 94.4% of the evaluable cefaclor-treated patients. Clinical and bacteriologic responses were assessed in 92 loracarbef-treated patients and 107 cefaclor-treated patients. At the five- to nine-day posttreatment evaluation, a clinical cure was found in 84.5% of the loracarbef-treated patients and in 79.4% of the cefaclor-treated patients and improvement in 3.3% and 7.5%, respectively. The pathogen was eliminated in 76.1% and 72.9%, respectively; new pathogens were identified in 4.3% and 4.7%, respectively; and the original pathogen was not eliminated or recurred in 19.6% and 21.5%, respectively. Nausea was the most frequently reported adverse event (in 4.5% of all patients). The results indicate that both loracarbef and cefaclor are safe and effective in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Anti-infectious immunity and bacteriuria in patients with the nephrotic syndrome].

The study was made of antiviral antibodies to respiratory viruses, mycoplasma, O-streptolysin, of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of bacteriuria in 52 patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) due to glomerulonephritis against 18 NS control subjects without glomerulonephritis. Significant differences between the groups appeared in the titers of antibodies to Coxsackie and influenza A viruses. O-streptolysin. Persistence of viral latent infection in NS is suggested as well as a trigger role of viruses in the disease onset and that of other urinary inflammatory affections whose incidence is now on the increase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Semiautomatic photometric screening of urine samples for significant bacteriuria with high predictive values.

A simple method for screening urine specimens for significant gramnegative bacteriuria is presented, in which microtitration plates, a vertical-beam photometer used for reading ELISA and an inexpensive microcomputer are employed. The wells of the plate containing brain-heart infusion broth are inoculated with urine. Every hour turbidity is measured and the values are compared with the original ones. The whole examination is terminated in five hours. At the actual prevalence of 0.27, specificity is 0.97, the predictive value of a negative result is 0.97 and false positives 0.03. The method is used for rapid reporting to the ward, and for subsequent differentiated standard cultivation.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, midstream urine samples from 505 pregnant women in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, were screened using urine culture and urinalysis. Urine cultures showed heavy growth (> or = 10(5) colony forming units/mL) in 4.8% (24/505) of the samples; 16/24 (66.7%) of these isolates were Escherichia coli. Microscopic examination had the highest sensitivity (67%), while nitrite dipstick testing showed the highest specificity and positive predictive value (99% and 57% respectively). Antibiotic sensitivity tests carried out on the positive culture samples showed high sensitivity to gentamicin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and fosfomycin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[An automated method of detecting bacteriuria].

A screening test for bacteriuria was developed, based on the use of the Bioscreen microbiological system (Labsystem, Finland) and nutrient media manufactured in the USSR. The diagnostic characteristics of the new test were assessed in screening of inpatients; the test has proved to be not inferior to similar methods realized in the microbiological systems manufactured in Western Europe and USA.

Bacteriological Techniques↗