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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Occult carcinoma of the bronchus.

The term "occult carcinoma" is applied to those patients with carcinoma of the bronchus at an in situ or early invasive stage who have carcinoma cells in their sputum but have no recognizable evidence of tumour in the chest radiograph. In eight such patients at the Toronto General Hospital, the lesion was localized and treatment instituted. Our experience with these eight patients can be compared with that of 27 patients described in two similar studies. The lesions were commonly symptomatic. Localization, although sometimes difficult, was accomplished using information obtained during bronchoscopy and bronchography. The prognosis following adequate resection appeared excellent. No patient died of carcinoma during the post-treatment follow-up period, which was continued for a minimum of 18 months. Pathological evidence indicates that bronchial carcinoma at this occult stage can be diagnosed cytologically, is rarely multifocal and, as a localized neoplasm, is amenable to curative therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Tumor size, response rate, and prognosis in small cell carcinoma of the bronchus treated by combination chemotherapy.

Ninety-eight patients with small cell carcinoma of the bronchus (SCCB) were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate with calcium leucovorin rescue, and lomustine (CCNU). VP-16-213 was given on relapse. Response rate and survival were analyzed according to extent of tumor, presence of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone production (SIADH), and, in 38 patients, size of intrathoracic tumor as measured by computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. The median survival of the entire group was 34.6 weeks. In patients with limited disease the median survival was 46 weeks compared to 29 weeks for those with extensive disease. This difference in survival between patients with limited and extensive disease was most marked in those showing a partial response (median survival, 45.9 and 28 weeks, respectively). Patients with ectopic antidiuretic hormone production had a poor prognosis even if they had achieved a complete response. Only one partial response to VP-16-213 occurred. There was a strong correlation between initial intrathoracic tumor size as assessed by total cross-sectional area on CT scan and response and survival. When the total area exceeded 30 cm2 there were no complete responders, but there were complete responses in eight of 21 patients when the area was less than 30 cm2. The relationship between intrathoracic tumor size and response rate was present when analyzed according to disease extent, age, sex, and performance status. A clear relationship between total tumor area and survival was also found. When SCCB is treated with chemotherapy alone, the prognosis is better for those patients who present with limited disease, without SIADH, and with small intrathoracic tumor. In this group it is possible that further intensification of therapy may result in prolonged survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Granular cell myoblastoma of the bronchus.

A case is described in which a right-sided bronchus tumour was found incidentally at endoscopic examination for left-sided pneumonia. No clinical or radiographic signs of this bronchial mass were present. Endoscopic biopsy proved the tumour to be a granular cell myoblastoma.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Survival rates in undifferentiated small-cell carcinoma of the bronchus. A review and 2 case reports.

Patients with inoperable undifferentiated small-cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the bronchus rarely survive for long. The number of long-term survivors has always been variable and treatments given to them have differed markedly. In this article we present 2 patients who have survived for 6 1/2 years and 10 years respectively. These are the only patients surviving beyond 5 years out of 311 patients treated over a 30-year period. The literature on survival of patients with this type of carcinoma is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytomorphology of granular-cell tumor of the bronchus. A case report.

The cytologic features of a bronchial granular-cell tumor clinically mimicking a bronchogenic carcinoma are presented. Distinctive granular cells similar to the main cellular components of the surgical specimen were found in abundance in bronchial brushings and washings obtained during bronchoscopy. Our findings and conclusions confirm previously published studies. Granular-cell tumors of the bronchus can easily be diagnosed on cytologic examination if the entity is considered in the differential diagnosis of clinically suspected lung tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Giant left atrium in mitral valve disease: a new plication procedure to relieve the compressions of left ventricular wall left bronchus and right lung].

The giant left atrium associated with mitral valve disease frequently produces postoperative hazardness in relation to hemodynamic and respiratory management. We have defined the most serious disorders induced by the presence of giant left atrium in three categories as follows. First, hemodynamic disturbance by the compression of left ventricular wall by downward extension of left atrium (type I), secondly, respiratory disturbance yielded by the compression of left main bronchus by upward extension of left atrium (type II), thirdly, compression of right middle lobe by rightward extension of left atrium (type III). A new procedure of para-annular, superior and right-side plication methods were derived as the procedure to relieve those compressions induced by giant left atrium. Up to the present, 47 patients with giant left atrium underwent surgery, twelve of valvular procedure only and thirty-five of valvular as well as plication procedure. The incidence of postoperative low output syndrome and respiratory failure were evaluated. The plication procedure showed marked decrease in the incidence of low output syndrome and respiratory failure postoperatively, eventual significant decrease in mortality rate. We conclude that plication procedure is very effective for the treatment of compression in the presence of giant left. atrium.

Cardiac Output, Low↗
PubMed1984

[Bronchogenic cysts compressing the trachea and main bronchus].

21 cases of bronchogenic cysts and 8 cases of oesophageal duplications obstructing trachea and main bronchus are described. These mediastinal obstructing cysts should be recognized very early to avoid complications: respiratory distress and destroyed lung particularly. Surgery is not difficult and the results are good. 28 children are alive with no symptom and one death only occurred.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Vasoactive intestinal peptide relaxes isolated strips of human bronchus, pulmonary artery, and lung parenchyma.

VIP, an endogenous neuropeptide normally present in lungs and other organs, relaxes isolated strips of human bronchus, pulmonary artery, and lung parenchyma in vitro. Pretreatment of these tissues with indomethacin (1 micrograms/ml) markedly enhances the basal tone and the relaxant effect of VIP. The VIP-induced relaxation, especially of pulmonary artery, has a long duration. As a relaxant of human pulmonary arterial strip, VIP is approximately 200 times as potent as prostacyclin, on a molar basis. The results suggest a possible role for VIP as a modulator of airway and pulmonary vascular tone, and as a potential bronchodilator and pulmonary vasodilator in human subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Congenital lobar emphysema with tracheal bronchus.

A three-month-old infant presenting with a heart murmur and respiratory distress was found to have a Tetralogy of Fallot, a right aortic arch, and a hyperaerated right upper lobe of lung. Bronchoscopy and bronchography revealed that the bronchus to the emphysematous lobe arose from the distal trachea. No similar patient has been reported to my knowledge.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1983

Chondrosarcoma of the bronchus.

A primary chondrosarcoma of the right main bronchus was removed by pneumonectomy in a 74-year-old woman. The presenting symptoms were dyspnea and cough with a lung mass evident for 18 months. She is well and free of tumor 16 months later. Only eight established cases of primary chondrosarcoma arising from the lung, and four originating from the tracheobronchial tree have been previously described. The long preoperative history and the outcome so far confirm the relatively less aggressive character of the tracheobronchial as compared to the lung subdivision of primary pulmonary chondrosarcoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Pure lipoma of the bronchus].

The Authors report on a case of pure lipoma of the bronchus, one of the rarest of benign lung diseases. The article discusses the aetiopathogenesis of the lesion, still a source of debate among the various scholars, and its symptoms, which do not differ from those of other benign endobronchial lung diseases.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[Lipoma of bronchus (author's transl)].

Lipomas of bronchus have a special clinical importance because of their predominantly endobronchial growth. Chronic obstruction and stenosis result in irreversible changes of lung. The clinical symptomatology is untypical. The X-ray examination points to the right diagnosis. The tumour can be localized bronchoscopically and recognized macromorphologically. The histological examination of a biopsy results in the exact diagnosis. This is a report of two cases.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1995

Basaloid-squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus. Report of a case with review of the literature.

Basaloid-squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma with biphasic basaloid and squamous features. Recognition of BSCC is important because this lesion can be confused with less aggressive lesions, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma. BSCC is typically detected at an advanced stage in smokers, alcoholics, and older individuals; adenoid cystic carcinoma is not associated with smoking or alcohol, and it typically occurs in younger individuals. Approximately 88 cases of BSCC in the upper aerodigestive tract have been recorded since its first description in 1986. We report one case of endobronchial BSCC. Cytologically, both squamous and basaloid features were identified, including elongated, irregular, globular, extracellular, hyaline material. Immunohistochemical studies showed two distinct populations of cells: the squamous component, positive for cytokeratin (AE1 + AE3) and negative for smooth-muscle actin, epithelial membrane antigen, S100 protein, and type IV collagen; and the basaloid component, positive for all of the above markers, with minimal staining for cytokeratin (AE1 + AE3). The electron microscopy demonstrated desmosomes in the squamous component and replication of the basal lamina in the basaloid component. We conclude that BSCC of the bronchus is similar to BSCC in the upper aerodigestive tract and should be regarded as a distinct entity.

Actins↗
PubMed1994

Use of selective antagonists for further characterization of tachykinin NK-2, NK-1 and possible "septide-selective" receptors in guinea pig bronchus.

NK-1 and NK-2 tachykinin receptors in guinea pig airways appear to have some unusual characteristics. The analog [pGlu6,Pro9] SP(6-11) (septide) may also act on atypical NK-1 receptors in guinea pig ileum. In this study, we used new tachykinin antagonists to investigate further the receptors in the guinea pig bronchus. In the presence of 1 microM indomethacin and phosphoramidon, the selective agonists [Sar9,Met(O2)11]-SP and [Pro9]-SP (both NK-1), [Lys5,MeLeu9,Nle10]-NKA(4-10) (NK-2) and septide were full agonists, with pD2 values of 8.00, 7.78, 9.11 and 8.52, respectively on epithelium-intact preparations. Contractions to septide were unaffected by atropine (5 microM) and tetrodotoxin (1 microM). Denudation of epithelium significantly enhanced the potency of [Sar9,Met(O2)11]-SP and [Pro9]-SP but not of septide and [Lys5,MeLeu9,Nle10]-NKA(4-10). The potency order for NK-2-selective antagonists against [Lys5,MeLeu9,Nle10]-NKA(4-10) was GR 94800 > SR 48968 MDL 29913 > MEN 10207 (pA2 values 8.97, 8.73, 7.11 and 6.49, respectively). The NK-1 selective antagonists, OP 96345, GR 82334 and RP 67580 were weak or ineffective against [Sar9,Met(O2)11]-SP and [Pro9]-SP (pA2 6.69 or less), whereas they were more than one order of magnitude more potent against septide (pA2, 7.78, 7.48 and 6.58, respectively). In epithelium-denuded bronchi, the antagonist potency of GR 82334 was unchanged. These data indicate that septide interacts with tachykinin receptors in guinea pig bronchial smooth muscle in a manner different from that of [Sar9,Met(O2)11]-SP and [Pro9]-SP, and provide some evidence for heterogeneity of NK-1 receptors in the guinea pig airways.

Amino Acid Sequence↗