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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

A case of fistula of the right common iliac aneurysm to the appendix.

We report a very rare case of spontaneous ilioappendicial fistula with right common iliac aneurysm. After the aneurysm was opened, afferent and efferent vessels were closed following extraanatomical femorofemoral bypass, and the appendectomy was performed. The wall of the aneurysm showed the atherosclerotic change and histologic study of the appendix confirmed the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Enhanced computed tomography was useful for the diagnosis and the extraanatomical bypass was deemed the most effective operative strategy. The pathogenesis of the fistula was surmised to be related to the appendicitis.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Spigelian hernia associated with strangulation of the small bowel and appendix.

Spigelian hernia is a rare lateral ventral abdominal hernia. These clinically elusive hernias are treacherous and have a real risk of strangulation. We present a patient with a strangulation of the small bowel and appendix in a right spigelian hernia, which was accurately demonstrated by spiral computerised tomography preoperatively and successfully treated with primary suturing reinforced with polypropylene mesh. With a high index of suspicion and the use of modern radiological technique, these "bewildering" hernias can be diagnosed and repaired relatively safely.

Appendix↗
PubMed1986

Three-dimensional organization of the lymphatics in the rabbit appendix. A scanning electron and light microscopic study.

The three-dimensional organization of the lymphatics in the rabbit appendix was demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy of lymphatic corrosion casts and intact tissues. In the glandular mucosa a polygonal network of lymphatics led into perpendicularly oriented lymphatics continuous with the lymphatics in the thymus-dependent area. In the thymus-dependent area a plexus consisting of anastomosing tubular lymphatics led into the upper ends of the perifollicular sinuses. Each follicle was surrounded by a well-developed perifollicular sinus. From the bottoms of the sinuses thin lymphatics descended into the submucosal lymphatics. The cast of submucosal lymphatics showed notches corresponding to the locations of bicuspid valves. Lymphocytes migrating through the lymphatics and high-endothelial venules were only observed in the thymus-dependent area. The results indicate that the potential capacity of the perifollicular sinuses as a reservoir and as a drainage route for fluid and lymphocytes is great, but that the lymphatics in the thymus-dependent area are sites for lymphocyte migration from the follicles into the lymphatics. The well-developed lymphatic network in the glandular layer suggests great participation in fluid flux.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Occurrence of multinucleated giant cells in the appendix of clinically healthy rabbits.

The spontaneous formation of multinucleated giant cells was observed in the appendix of clinically healthy adult rabbits that were free of infection with intestinal viruses, pathogenic bacteria, fungi and parasites. Giant cells occurred singly and in aggregates. They were of the foreign body and of the Langhans' type, but intermediate forms were also noticed. Ultrastructurally, the hallmark of these appendiceal polykaryons were large phagolysomal fields harbouring amorphous debris and remains of cytoplasmic organelles and bacteria. The bacteria in the appendiceal tissues were neither of a special type nor acid-fast. The aetiology and significance of appendiceal giant cells remains to be clarified.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis affecting the appendix.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an uncommon cause of abdominal pain. It has a much lower incidence than Yersinia enterocolitica, and most reports have emanated from Europe or North America. This report is about a patient with Yersiniosis affecting the appendix alone, in contrast to the usual picture of mesenteric adenitis or septicemia associated with this organism.

Appendix↗
PubMed1995

Delayed separation of an appendix-containing umbilical stump.

A case of delayed separation of the umbilical cord is reported. Ultrasonography and radiographic examination of the stump showed connection with the bowel. During surgery the cord was found to contain the appendix. The authors hypothesize that this anomaly represents a small omphalocele, resulting from failure of the gut to withdraw completely from the umbilical cord, or, less likely, a hernia.

Appendix↗
PubMed1994

Combination of granulosa cell tumour and carcinoid in an imitation of appendix vermicularis within a mature teratoma--a unique case.

A case of primary carcinoid of the ovary in association with an imitation of appendix vermicularis is presented. These elements were thus parts of a mature teratoma. In the other ovary a granulosa cell tumour with a similar morphology was found. Following surgery no additional treatment was administered and the patient is well 13 years after the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of twelve argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids of the appendix vermiformis.

Endocrine cell types in 12 argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids and in nonneoplastic epithelia of the appendix vermiformis were investigated histochemically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. The nonneoplastic epithelia contained serotonin (Ser), peptide YY (PYY), glicentin (Gli), neurotensin (Neu), and somatostatin (So) cells in decreasing frequency. Out of 30 nonneoplastic Ser cells examined ultrastructurally, 28 cells were EC1 cells and two were non-EC cells. Eleven of 12 argentaffin carcinoids could be immunostained with anti-Ser serum and all of those 11 were composed almost totally of Ser cells. One of the 11 contained a small number of Neu cells. Ultrastructurally, 11 argentaffin carcinoids were composed predominantly of EC1 and/or ECn cells, and one was composed primarily of non-EC cells. Out of the six argyrophil carcinoids, five were argyrophil, non-argentaffin carcinoids; three consisted almost totally of PYY cells; one consisted of 60% PYY cells, 40% So cells and a few Gli cells; and one consisted of Ser cells alone. Ultrastructurally, the first four of those tumors were composed of D1 and/or L cells and the latter tumor was composed of ECn cells. The remaining one argyrophil carcinoid contained a few Ser-positive argentaffin cells and consisted almost totally of ECn cells which were found in both parts, with and without argentaffinity. It is concluded that the appendiceal carcinoids comprise two distinct groups on the basis of the main constituting cell type: Ser-positive, argentaffin carcinoids, composed of EC cells and peptide (especially of PYY)-positive, and Ser-negative, argyrophil non-argentaffin carcinoids of D1 and/or L cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Colonoscopic diagnosis of mucocele of the appendix.

BACKGROUND: Appendiceal mucoceles are uncommon cystic neoplasms characterized by distension of the appendiceal lumen with mucus. There have been no reported series of colonoscopically diagnosed mucoceles with clinicopathologic correlation. METHODS: A retrospective review of colonoscopies performed at our institution over the past 14 years was undertaken with patient demographics, clinical data, surgical outcomes, and histopathology obtained from hospital records. OBSERVATIONS: Seven patients (6 women) with mucocele of the appendix were identified at colonoscopy. Three had complained of right lower quadrant pain. All 7 patients underwent surgical resection. Histopathology demonstrated mucinous cystadenoma in all. No cases revealed carcinoma, and there have been no deaths related to the mucocele. CONCLUSIONS: Appendiceal mucoceles may be recognized at colonoscopy as a smooth bulbous submucosal lesion of the cecum with an impression formed by the appendiceal orifice. Recognition at colonoscopy is important because it enables accurate diagnosis and directs management. Surgery is recommended in all cases given the risk of malignancy or perforation with resultant pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Nonoperative management of pediatric ruptured appendix with inflammatory mass or abscess: presence of an appendicolith predicts recurrent appendicitis.

AIM OF STUDY: The aim of this study was to determine if the presence of an appendicolith is associated with an increased risk for recurrent appendicitis after nonoperative treatment of pediatric ruptured appendix with inflammatory mass or abscess. METHODS: Ninety-six pediatric patients (52 girls, 44 boys), aged 16 months to 17 years (average, 7 years), were managed between 1980 and 2003. All were treated nonoperatively with intravenous triple antibiotics for 5 to 21 days. All children had at least a 2-year follow-up. This study was approved by the hospital research ethics board. MAIN RESULTS: Six children (6%) who became worse and 41 (46%) who had an interval appendectomy were eliminated from the study. The other 49 patients comprised the study group and received no further treatment. Twenty-eight (57%) had no recurrence, and 21 (43%) had a recurrence within 1 month to 2 years (average, 3 months). In the study group, 31 (63%) children had no appendicolith on radiological imaging and 18 (37%) had. Presence of an appendicolith was associated with a 72% rate of recurrent appendicitis compared with a recurrence rate of 26% in those with no appendicolith (chi2 test, P < .004). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the patients with appendicolith should have an interval appendectomy.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1976

Diverticulum of the vermiform appendix.

Acquired diverticula of the vermiform appendix are rare. Light microscopical examination reveals a herniation of the mucosa through defects in the musculature, often adjacent to a vessel. The pseudodiverticulum frequently is the site of inflammation.

Appendix↗
PubMed1999

Imaging of mucocoele of the appendix with emphasis on the CT findings: a report of 10 cases.

AIM: Mucocoele of the appendix denotes an obstructive dilatation of the appendiceal lumen due to abnormal accumulation of mucus. It is sometimes associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei, which predicts a malignant origin. We present the CT findings and additional imaging studies of 10 patients with neoplastic appendiceal mucocoele and discuss the clinical implications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Abdominal CT findings from 10 patients with appendiceal mucocoele were reviewed. Barium enema, US and MRI were additionally performed in three patients. There were five men and five women aged 45-80 years. Special attention was directed to the shape and nature of the mass, its relation to the caecum and the presence of ascites or peritoneal implants, as well as possible additional ovarian tumours in female patients. RESULTS: The mucocoele was an incidental finding in five patients. They were either spherical or elongated cystic lesions, attached to the wall of the caecum, six of them with mural calcification. Ascites were present in six patients and hypodense large peritoneal implants representing pseudomyxoma peritonei in four. Pathologically the series included five cases of cystadenoma (in one, a malignant pseudomyxoma peritonei subsequently developed), four cases of cystadenocarcinoma and one villous adenoma (this patient later developed pseudomyxoma peritonei). Pseudomyxoma peritonei was found in five cases. Three women had associated ovarian cystic tumour. CONCLUSION: The appearance of an appendiceal mucocoele is quite characteristic and can be diagnosed on CT. CT can also depict additional findings suggesting pseudomyxoma peritonei. In women with an appendiceal mucocoele the ovaries should be examined closely for cystic tumour and vice versa.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Continent diversion with an appendix conduit and an ileocecal bladder.

Since March 1989, 23 patients have undergone continent urinary diversion with an ileocecal bladder and a reimplanted appendix conduit. In 21 patients this procedure was combined with a radical cystectomy. Of the patients 7 required an endoscopic procedure before satisfactory self-catheterization could be established. This problem was more common early in the series. The continence mechanism is extremely simple and rapid to construct. Continence rates have been most satisfactory, with only 2 patients having secondary incontinence.

Adolescent↗