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PubMed1986

Atelectasis during anaesthesia and in the postoperative period.

Transverse sections of lung tissue were studied in patients by computerized tomography during anaesthesia and in the postoperative period. Eight patients were studied during intravenous (thiopentone) and six during inhalational (halothane) anaesthesia. The latter patients were studied during both spontaneous and mechanical ventilation. Five of the patients who underwent surgery for inguinal hernia and five patients in whom laparotomy was performed were studied 1 h and 24 h postoperatively. No patient showed any lung changes while awake preoperatively, and all patients developed dependent, crest-shaped lung densities within 5-10 min of anaesthesia. The densities comprised 3.4% of the lung volume in the caudal (basal) 5 cm of the lung tissue. No significant differences in the size and distribution of the densities were noted between spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation during anaesthesia, or between intravenous and inhalational anaesthesia. The densities remained in nine of ten patients 1 h postoperatively, and they remained in five of ten patients 24 h after anaesthesia. The densities are considered to be compression atelectases which may develop as a result of relaxation of the diaphragm. They may be important contributors to postoperative pulmonary complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

New aspects on atelectasis during anaesthesia.

Sixteen subjects were studied with regard to lung tissue changes during general anaesthesia. The transverse area and the structure of the lung tissue were studied by computerized tomography. No abnormalities were noted in the lung tissue before anaesthesia, but within five minutes after induction, all subjects had developed crest-shaped dependent changes of an increased density in both lungs. They correspond to 4 - 5 per cent of the total transverse area. The size of the densities could not be correlated to the age of the subjects, or time of the anaesthesia, and they were not affected by the inspiratory oxygen fraction. They could be rotated by turning the patient, and the application of a positive end-expiratory pressure eliminated or reduced the densities. It is suggested that the densities are atelectases, which develop by compression of lung tissue, and not by gas resorption.

Aging↗