Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ARCHIVES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Digital networking and archiving with ACOM T.O.P.

The international DICOM 3 standard for a single patient record exchange media (CD-R) provided the necessary definition for digital recording and distribution of cardiac angiographic patient data. The medical industry developed archive and review stations that allow the replacement of the 35 mm cine film. SIEMENS launched ACOM. T.O.P. in late 1995. The benefits and technical solution are presented in this paper. Today, the solution for networked real-time image data distribution within the hospital has become reality. Further integration of hemodynamic data, connectivity of hospital information systems, easy access and distribution of such high volume data from and to remote locations is well under way. ACOM. net is used as an example for the realization of commercial products to fulfill the demands of cardiologist and hospital administrators.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed2002

Androgen receptor expression in archival human breast tumors.

Hormone receptors play a major role in growth and hormonal therapy of breast and prostate tumors. Quantitative results from the ligand binding assays cannot determine heterogeneity in receptor expression nor can they discriminate between expression of the stromal and the tumor cells. Availability of antibodies to hormone receptors has led to the development of immunohistochemistry as a standard method for monitoring of hormone receptor expression under a microscope. However, this method is based on examination of a small number of cells. Laser flow cytometry has been extensively used for monitoring of receptor expression in human liquid tumors. As most of the hormone receptor expression is nuclear, we have developed methods for flow cytometric analysis of receptor expression in nuclei isolated from enzyme treated paraffin sections. The present report based on gated analysis of androgen receptor expression in nuclei isolated from archival formalin fixed/paraffin embedded breast tumors shows that receptor expression in aneuploid sub-populations is greater than that of the diploid cells.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed2002

Study of HHV-8 DNA sequences in archival biopsies from lesional skin of Kaposi's sarcoma, various mesenchymal tumors and related reactive conditions.

BACKGROUND: HHV-8 has been identified as the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and some lymphoproliferative disorders. In addition, there are anecdotal reports on the presence of HHV-8 in other tumors, especially cutaneous epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasms. The aim of the study was to ascertain the value of identification of HHV-8 viral DNA sequences in routinely processed, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues for the diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma and other mesenchymal tumors. METHODS: The presence of HHV-8 sequences in archival material was studied by nested PCR using specific primers for amplification of a 233-bp long fragment of HHV-8 (ORF 26). RESULTS: Thirty-three patients with KS (18 classic/sporadic, six post-transplant and nine AIDS-related) and various mesenchymal tumors and related conditions (n = 76) were studied. HHV-8 DNA sequences were detected in 29 of the 33 cases of KS and in one case of multiple eruptive dermatofibroma (MEDF). CONCLUSIONS: Identification of HHV-8 DNA sequences in routinely processed tissue is a useful diagnostic marker for KS. Although other mesenchymal tumors are usually not associated with HHV-8, its presence is not fully specific for KS since HHV-8 sequences were also found in one case of MEDF. Therefore, PCR analysis for the detection of HHV-8 should only be used as an additional diagnostic marker for KS and in the context of other tools such as routine histology.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1997

Content analysis of archival data.

Content analysis can be a particularly suitable method for measuring cognitive variables from archived texts. Although content analysis has been underused by clinical psychologists, there are many benefits to this strategy. Longitudinal studies can be conducted retrospectively, the range of possible research participants can be expanded to include individuals otherwise unavailable (e.g., the famous or the dead), existing data sets can be used and reused to answer new questions, and studies across cultures and across levels of analysis (individual vs. group) can be facilitated. To illustrate the use and usefulness of content analysis to measure cognitive variables, the authors focus on the examples of causal attributions and integrative complexity, describing past research and sketching future applications to clinical research and practice.

Awareness↗
PubMed1995

An archival prospective study of mental health and longevity.

The relationship between mental health status and longevity was examined in an archival prospective cohort study (N = 1,103) derived from work begun by Lewis Terman in the 1920s. Degree of psychological maladjustment, cumulatively rated by Terman and his colleagues as of 1950, was found to be related to higher risk of all-cause mortality over a 4-decade follow-up period. The differences among causes of death were nonsignificant, but there was some indication that mental health problems were more strongly related to deaths from injury and cardiovascular disease. The overall relationship was significant for men but weaker for women. The effect was not substantially mediated by alcohol consumption, obesity, or cigarette smoking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Flow cytometric quantitation of DNA and c-myc oncoprotein in archival biopsies of uterine cervix neoplasia.

The c-myc nuclear associated oncoprotein has been quantitated simultaneously with DNA in nuclei extracted from archival biopsies of uterine cervix neoplasia. The oncoprotein and DNA were measured fluorimetrically in a flow cytometer using a mouse monoclonal antibody (MYC 1-6E10) and propidium iodide. Normal biopsies exhibited higher oncoprotein levels than carcinomas (P less than 0.00001). Furthermore, the maximum fluorescence signal in the normal tissue occurred at a lower antibody concentration compared with tumour tissue. There was no correlation between oncoprotein levels and histological grade, stage of disease, age of the patients or prognosis in the carcinomas. Aneuploidy, defined as a distinct second peak separate from the diploid distribution, was not a significant feature. The c-myc oncoprotein nuclear content does not appear to be a prognostic indicator in carcinoma of the cervix from the results of these studies but there is clearly diagnostic potential, particularly for automated analysis of cervical screening.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed2005

Archiving mouse strains by cryopreservation.

A great deal of time and energy goes into the creation of each new line of transgenic mice; established lines are expensive and labor-intensive to maintain. Archiving of mice by cryopreservation of germ cells or embryos represents a means to free up facility space, while protecting the line from loss due to environmental disasters, genetic drift, or infectious disease. The author reviews the available cryopreservation techniques and presents considerations for setting up a cryopreservation facility.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Lack of SYT-SSX fusion transcripts in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors on RT-PCR analysis of 34 archival cases.

The translocation t(X;18) is currently regarded as a specific molecular marker of synovial sarcoma (SS). Recently, however, it has been reported that malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors expressed this marker in 75% of the cases. To test independently this iconoclastic claim, a molecular analysis for the detection of the SYT-SSX fusion genes was carried out using archival material of 34 consecutive cases diagnosed as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and treated in our Institute from 1998 to 2000. In four of these cases, the molecular analysis on fixed tissues was supplemented with an analysis on fresh frozen tissue. RNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks was evaluated for the presence of SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 fusion transcripts by RT-PCR. This analysis was extended to a wide variety of normal tissues simultaneously extracted and equally processed. Only two of the cases studied harbored SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 fusion transcripts, respectively. The diagnostic reevaluation of these two cases in light of the molecular data disclosed that one had the features of a monophasic SS and the other was compatible with that entity. Both of these tumors were strongly immunoreactive for bcl-2, confirming the diagnostic utility of this marker in this instance. Our results reaffirm the specificity of SYT-SSX for SS and suggest that an opposite claim made in a recent study may have been due to a faulty interpretation of the molecular results caused by a contamination of the samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Molecular detection of Campylobacter jejuni in archival cases of acute appendicitis.

The role of enteric bacteria in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis is a controversial subject. Campylobacter jejuni has been previously demonstrated in a minority of cases of acute appendicitis using microbiological or immunohistochemical methods, notably in cases where inflammation was limited to the mucosa/submucosa. Our goal was to evaluate cases of acute appendicitis for C. jejuni DNA using molecular methods, and to compare our findings to the histologic features. In total, 50 archival cases of acute appendicitis were selected, and PCR was performed using primers targeting a 286-bp fragment of the mapA gene specific to C. jejuni. Twenty histologically unremarkable appendectomy specimens served as negative controls. Cases were reviewed with attention to particular histological features including mucosal ulceration, cryptitis, depth of inflammatory infiltrate, and the presence of mural necrosis. Of acute appendicitis cases, 22% (11/50) were positive for C. jejuni DNA by PCR analysis. Control cases were negative for C. jejuni DNA. All patients presented with signs and symptoms typical of acute appendicitis. Of the C. jejuni positive cases, only 27% contained acute inflammation limited to the mucosa/submucosa, whereas the remainder had mural or transmural inflammation; therefore, the histological features of C. jejuni-positive acute appendicitis cases were indistinguishable from C. jejuni-negative cases. In summary, C. jejuni DNA was detected in a significant percentage (22%) of acute appendicitis cases, a much higher percentage than previous studies using other methodologies. As C. jejuni is an enteric pathogen that does not exist as a commensal or nonpathogenic organism, the presence of C. jejuni DNA implies current or recent infection. Further study is needed to determine whether the presence of C. jejuni DNA in acute appendicitis indicates appendiceal involvement by C. jejuni enteritis, or if there is a true causative role for C. jejuni in acute appendicitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Mutation in the PTEN/MMAC1 gene in archival low grade and high grade gliomas.

The PTEN gene, located on 10q23.3, has recently been described as a candidate tumour suppressor gene that may be important in the development of advanced cancers, including gliomas. We have investigated mutation in the PTEN gene by direct sequence analysis of PCR products amplified from samples microdissected from 19 low grade (WHO Grade I and II) and 27 high grade (WHO grade III and IV) archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded gliomas. Eleven genetic variants in ten tumours have been identified. Eight of these are DNA sequence changes that could affect the encoded protein and were present in 0/2 pilocytic astrocytomas, 0/2 oligoastrocytomas, 0/1 oligodendroglioma, 0/14 astrocytomas, 3/13 (23%) anaplastic astrocytomas and 5/14 (36%) glioblastomas. PTEN mutations were found exclusively in high grade gliomas; this finding was statistically significant. Only two of the PTEN genetic variants have been reported in other studies; two of the genetic changes are in codons in which mutations have not been found previously. The results of this study indicate that mutation in the PTEN gene is present only in histologically more aggressive gliomas, may be associated with the transition from low histological grade to anaplasia, but is absent from the majority of high grade gliomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Direct cancer tissue proteomics: a method to identify candidate cancer biomarkers from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival tissues.

Successful treatment of multiple cancer types requires early detection and identification of reliable biomarkers present in specific cancer tissues. To test the feasibility of identifying proteins from archival cancer tissues, we have developed a methodology, termed direct tissue proteomics (DTP), which can be used to identify proteins directly from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostate cancer tissue samples. Using minute prostate biopsy sections, we demonstrate the identification of 428 prostate-expressed proteins using the shotgun method. Because the DTP method is not quantitative, we employed the absolute quantification method and demonstrate picogram level quantification of prostate-specific antigen. In depth bioinformatics analysis of these expressed proteins affords the categorization of metabolic pathways that may be important for distinct stages of prostate carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we validate Wnt-3 as an upregulated protein in cancerous prostate cells by immunohistochemistry. We propose that this general strategy provides a roadmap for successful identification of critical molecular targets of multiple cancer types.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Integration of a picture archiving and communication system with videocapture and computed radiography in a dental hospital.

A method for the integration of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) at Kyushu University Dental Hospital with radiological information (RIS) and hospital information (HIS) systems is described. CT, US and DSA from different manufacturers were integrated by videocapture and then subsequently integrated with computed radiography (CR) by means of DICOM. The approximate amount of data stored each month on optical discs is 2 GB. The system does not incorporate intra-oral radiography.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed2006

Comprehensive re-analysis of archived herring gull eggs reconstructs historical temporal trends in chlorinated hydrocarbon contamination in Lake Ontario and Green Bay, Lake Michigan, 1971-1982.

Herring gull egg homogenates collected between 1971 and 1982 from a colony in central Lake Ontario (Scotch Bonnet Island) and from a colony in central Green Bay, Lake Michigan (Big Sister Island) were archived in the Canadian Wildlife Service Specimen Bank. Pooled samples (N = 10) were exhaustively analyzed in 1993 for a wide range of individual chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminant (CHC) compounds: DDT, mirex and chlordane compounds and metabolites, chlorobenzenes (CBzs), dieldrin, chlorostyrenes (CSs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and 87 PCB congeners, including the TCDD-like non-ortho and mono-ortho congeners. PCBs and DDTs were the dominant residues in eggs from both Lake Ontario (31-242 mg kg(-1) and 9-64 mg kg(-1)) and Green Bay (34-133 mg kg(-1) and 14-91 mg kg(-1)). SigmaPCBs declined by a factor of 4-5 and DDTs a factor of 4-7 at both colonies between 1971 and 1982. Lake Ontario eggs had significantly higher residues of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (0.2-2.0 microg kg(-1)), HCBz (0.1-4.7 mg kg(-1)), OCS (0.03-0.45 mg kg(-1)), three HpCSs (0.13-0.97 mg kg(-1)), mirex and mirex photodegradation products (2.1-9.2 mg kg(-1)) than Green Bay eggs. HCBz levels in Lake Ontario eggs declined a factor of 40, TCDD and chlorostyrenes a factor of 8-10, and mirex a factor of 4 between 1971-1978. Green Bay eggs had slightly higher levels of chlordane-related compounds, dieldrin and beta-HCH than Lake Ontario eggs. There were no consistent or strong trends in residue levels of these pesticides, PCDDs (except TCDD) and PCDFs in either lake, indicating that rates of input and removal of these CHCs in the lakes were much closer in the early 1970s than was the case for the other compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia occurring as second malignancy: report of the GIMEMA archive of adult acute leukaemia. Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell'Adulto.

Between July 1992 and June 1996, 901 new cases of adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were recorded in the GIMEMA Archive of Adult Acute Leukaemia; 21 of them (2.3%) had a previous primary malignancy (PM). We found that secondary acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cases (sALL) presented with older age, a high incidence of pre-pre-B immunophenotype and a significantly higher prevalence of cancer among relatives compared to de novo ALL. The leukaemogenic activity of the cytotoxic drugs employed for the treatment of PM may have played a potential role in only a proportion of patients, opening the possibility that some sALL patients may have developed two or more malignancies due to individual predisposing factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Clinical and biological features of acute myeloid leukaemia occurring as second malignancy: GIMEMA archive of adult acute leukaemia.

Between July 1992 and June 1996, 3934 new cases of acute leukaemia were registered in the Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell'Adulto (GIMEMA) Archive of Adult Acute Leukaemia. Two hundred cases (5.1%) presented with a history of primary malignancy (PM), 179 of which were acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The median age of these cases was significantly higher than that of other primitive AML (63 years vs. 57 years; P < 0.001). The number of men was significantly lower than the number of women [74/1544 (4.8%) vs. 105/1420 (7.4%); odds ratio (OR) 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46-0.87; P < 0.002], as was the number of patients aged <65 years [104/1963 (5.3%) vs. 75/1001 (7.5%); OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50-0.95; P < 0.01]. An increased incidence of cancer was observed among first-degree relatives of patients with AML occurring after a PM (secondary AML; sAML) [66/179 (36.9%) sAML vs. 757/2785 (27.2%) de novo AML, age adjusted; OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.07-6.42; P < 0.005]. Prevalent types of PM were breast cancer, lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. sAML occurred after a median latency of 52 months (range 2-379). Of the 122 patients who received chemotherapy for sAML, 67 patients (55%) achieved a complete remission (CR), three a partial remission, 15 (12%) died in induction and 37 (30%) were unresponsive. The median duration of CR was 30 weeks (range 4-250). The median overall survival was 7 months (range 1-196). Comparing acute promyelocytic leukaemia with all other French-American-British (FAB) groups, a significant increase in CR achievement was observed [14/18 (77.7%) vs. 53/101 (52.4%), P < 0.046] as well as in median CR duration (55 vs. 24 months, P < 0.02). The analysis of our data suggests that not only previous chemotherapy but also genetic predisposition could play a role in the pathogenesis of sAML.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Detection of bladder cancer by multitarget multicolour FISH: comparative analysis on archival cytology and paraffin-embedded tissue.

Detection of bladder cancer by multitarget multicolour FISH: comparative analysis on archival cytology and paraffin-embedded tissue We have evaluated the possibility of using the same specimen for both cytological diagnosis and multitarget multicolour FISH (MtMcFISH) analysis in order to determine whether the routinely processed specimens used for diagnosis were also suitable for this ancillary procedure. For this purpose 18 positive samples (11 voided urine and seven bladder washings) were selected, together with a representative section of the corresponding immediately previous or subsequent histological specimens. Two negative cytology slides were added as negative controls. FISH analysis revealed a normal pattern for each probe in the two negative controls and an abnormal pattern in the 18 positive cases. In the latter the same FISH alterations were found in the cytology samples and in the corresponding histological sections, and superimposable cytological/histological features were observed in two cases where two different histology samples were analyzed. The results clearly show that MtMcFISH may be successfully applied to destained routinely processed cytology slides.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1996

Hepatocyte proliferative activity in chronic liver damage as assessed by the monoclonal antibody MIB1 Ki67 in archival material: the role of etiology, disease activity, iron, and lipid peroxidation.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver damage is linked to an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, but the mechanisms underlying hepatitis C viral activity are not known. We therefore compared hepatocellular proliferative activity in chronic C virus-related hepatitis and in liver damage of other etiology. Hepatocyte proliferation rate was investigated in 56 patients with chronic hepatitis using the Ki67 MIB1 monoclonal antibody in archival material. According to etiology, the patients were subgrouped as follows: HCV (34), HBV (11), Alcohol (4), HCV + Alcohol (4), and Hemochromatosis (3). Proliferation rate was correlated with age, sex, etiology, disease activity, liver iron storage, free-radical production, and glutathione levels by regression and discriminant analysis. HCV-positive patients had significantly more MIB1-positive hepatocytes in the periportal area (P < .011) and in the low-proliferating perivenular area (zones 2 and 3) (P < .05). The number of MIB1-positive cells correlated directly with alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, Knodell index (KI), and, inversely, with iron saturation. By stepwise discriminant analysis, ALT levels and etiology were identified as single independent variables. These data suggest that HCV infection induces increased and abnormal hepatocyte proliferation, which might be related to the increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with HCV-related liver damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Clinical Applications of Picture Archival and Communications Systems in Radiation Oncology.

Picture archival and communications systems (PACS) for radiation oncology present an entirely different set of constraints and requirements from systems developed for diagnostic imaging. PACS for radiation oncology aid in organizing the complex, interrelated functions of radiation oncology. Integration of PACS with clinical data management systems will provide the backbone for the comprehensive computer system that has long been sought in radiation oncology. Simulation, geometric and dosimetric treatment planning, field shaping, set-up, verification, and delivery are now all observable and/or controllable from computer systems that can be interfaced with the departmental PACS. Costs are substantially lower than with diagnostic PACS because the systems can be based on desktop computers and the image resolution requirements are not as stringent. Each PACS user will have more information more easily available than under current systems of organization. Vendor support of digital image communications (DICOM) protocols will enable full integration of equipment regardless of manufacturer. Potential increased in productivity will be realized if the systems for handling and evaluating images are fully automated and provide the users with analytic tools that enhance the utility of systems such as electronic portal imagers, multileaf collimators, and clinical data management systems. this report describes our efforts in producing such a system.

Journal Article↗