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PubMed1984

The ethics of profession in dental medicine.

Changes in technology, public policy, and the multi-dimensional relationships of professionals have resulted in renewed interest in the ethics of health care practitioners. This article considers the obligation of dentists to a life of morality in common with all humanity. Additional responsibilities are incurred by a practitioner of dental medicine in keeping the moral rule to "do your duty." These duties are explicated utilizing three classical characteristics of a professional. The Principles of Ethics and Code of Professional Conduct of the American Dental Association are the dental profession's guide to ethical conduct. The Principles and Code are traced in their development, reviewed in their content, and critiqued in comparison to the ethical obligations of the dentist as previously delineated. The use of the Principles and Code as a basis for professional self-government is evaluated.

American Dental Association↗
PubMed1985

Recovery of funds in transaction affecting ownership of federally assisted health professions and nurse teaching facilities--HRSA. Statement of general policy.

HRSA announces its recovery policy regarding purported leases and sales of (1) health professions teaching facilities or affiliated hospitals constructed with grant funds under Part B of Title VII of the Public Health Service Act, and (2) nurse teaching facilities constructed with grant funds under Title VIII of the Act.

Hospitals, Teaching↗
PubMed1988

Quantifying discontent in the nursing profession: a study of staff mobility in Victorian nursing homes.

Two problems facing the Australian health system are discontent within the nursing profession and matching limited resources to a growing aged population. It is argued in this paper that the solutions to these two problems can only be evaluated by quantifying the scale of the problem. Three measures are used to demonstrate how to measure the size of the problem: participation rates, staff turnover rates and proportion of permanent/casual staff. These three measures are useful to monitor both at a systems level and at the level of individual health services. The discussion refers in particular to staffing in Victorian geriatric nursing homes.

Geriatric Nursing↗
PubMed1978

The AMA's stake in VE: safeguarding the profession, patients.

The American Medical Association has been involved in the Voluntary Effort from the very beginning, realizing that physicians would be directly affected by any hospital cost containment legislation. Because the medical profession's chief concern is for the patient, the AMA believes it is their responsibility to protect the quality of care while working toward efficient and economic health care delivery.

American Medical Association↗
PubMed1987

The impact of Medicare coverage on the PA profession.

Federal legislation that took effect on January 1 provides for Medicare part B reimbursement for physician assistant services in several clinical settings. Besides recognizing PAs' contribution to health care delivery, the law may greatly increase demand for PAs (especially in geriatric medicine), allow them to branch out to more nontraditional forms of practice, and prompt a need for a larger pool of graduates from PA education programs. This legislative victory does not diminish--but heightens--the profession's responsibility to show that PA services are cost-effective.

Medicare↗
PubMed1988

1988 PA survey. Perceptions of the profession.

During the 16th Annual Physician Assistant Conference in Los Angeles, 415 PAs responded to the following survey that measured opinions on direction of the profession, prescribing habits, and potential employment settings. Physician Assistant is pleased to share the results.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

Barriers to minorities in the orthopaedic profession.

The rapidly growing population of the United States is becoming more diversified in its ethnicity. Conversely, the orthopaedic profession has not kept pace with this increase. Although 1/3 of the total population is comprised of Latinos, African Americans, and Native Americans, only 7% of all orthopaedic surgeons represent these minorities. There is a widespread need for minority orthopaedic surgeons who can communicate with and understand these patients to provide them with competent cultural care. Minority students face significant barriers, intrinsic and extrinsic, which impede them in choosing orthopaedics as a career. Recognizing that these barriers are rooted in the early years of education, solutions such as mentoring activities, good guidance counseling, and accessible role models should be advocated and adopted. Misconceptions on the part of the minority students, medical school admissions committees, and directors of orthopaedic residency training programs may lead to negative impressions and results. The purpose of this paper is to make the orthopaedic community aware of this disparity and the barriers that underrepresented minority students encounter. Hopefully an appropriate positive response by those who have the ability to make a difference will result, thus facilitating the pathway for the minority student to become an orthopaedic surgeon.

Black or African American↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The mask and the face of a profession].

These pages criticize those forms of extreme medicalization that support a fragmented and sectional health anthropology. They declare the importance of the nursing profession as a methodologic discipline based on the help relationship. Furthermore, these pages call back towards social and anthropologic "vocation", like in the beginning. Such vocation allows to approach the ill patient in his/her totality. It also antagonizes contemporary medical philosophy, which has produced the patient-machine standing on a functionalist and purely instrumental business culture of therapy and care.

Anthropology, Cultural↗
PubMed1999

Colour vision deficiency in the medical profession.

Colour is often used as a sign in medicine, yet there have been few studies into the effects of a colour vision deficiency (CVD) on doctors' medical skills. Using a literature search, the results indicate the prevalence of CVD in the medical profession and its effects on medical skills. For the congenital form among male doctors in the United Kingdom, the prevalence is shown to be probably about the same as for the population at large; i.e. 8%. However, the data is insufficient for any estimate to be made of the small number of female doctors and for the acquired forms of CVD. The effect on skills is also shown. Because of certain features of their work, general practitioners may have special problems. Thus, it is concluded that medical students and doctors should be screened for the deficiency and advised about it, and that there should be more study of the effects of CVD on decision-making in general practice and some specialties.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1999

Making nursing work visible inside and outside the profession.

The hidden work of nursing is explored in order to explain why the details of nurses' work stay inside the profession and why nurses should continue to display it on the outside. Examples of hidden work are examined, including the work of knowing how, knowing the patient, body work, comforting work, and helping people die a good death.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1976

Motives to enter the dental profession: students, practitioners, faculty.

1. The dental student, the private practitioner, and the dental educator have similar self-motives related to an educational process which includes learning to develop to full potential and having the freedom to carry out one's ideas. 2. The motives perceived by dental students as important for the private practitioner are not the same as those the private practitioner perceives for himself. The student perceives good salary and a community reputation, while the practitioner perceives a continual educational process with freedom to carry out his ideas as the primary motive for entering the profession. The student and the practitioner are aligned on most of their self-motives. 3. The motives of the dental educator parallel those of the practitioner more than they parallel those of the student.

Dentistry↗
PubMed2000

The gender composition of the medical profession in Mexico: implications for employment patterns and physician labor supply.

The gender composition of the medical profession is changing rapidly in many parts of the world, including Mexico. We analyze cross-sectional and longitudinal data on sex differences in physician employment from household employment surveys. The results suggest that Mexico is a particularly interesting example of the feminization of physician employment. Female enrollment in medical school increased from 11% in 1970 to about 50% in 1998. The increased participation of women in medicine seems to be accompanied by differences in employment patterns that could generate significant reductions in the total supply of physician hours of service. Women physicians are unemployed at a much higher rate than men and hence account for half of underused physician human capital. The results suggest that improved educational opportunities do not translate automatically into equal employment opportunities.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Recruitment and retention: the development of an action plan for African-American health professions students.

This article presents results of a survey of African-American students enrolled in the colleges of medicine, dentistry, allied health, pharmacy, and nursing at the University of Kentucky. The survey was designed to determine the students' perceptions of factors that affect recruitment, enrollment, and academic progress of African-American students. Fifty-three of seventy students responded to survey questions addressing recruitment; admissions; and financial, social, personal, and academic support. Over 50% of medical students decided by junior high to enter a health career; only 15% of other students decided that early. The influence of a family member was more important in student decisions to enter nursing or medicine than in decisions by other students. Only 17% of medical students reported difficulty in locating sources of financial aid compared to 48% of those from other colleges. Perceptions regarding lack of social outlets were consistent among respondents from all colleges. Findings emphasize the importance of early exposure to the health professions, early outreach strategies, ongoing financial assistance, and the importance of establishing social networks for African-American students enrolled in a majority institution. The survey results were used to develop an action plan for the offices of minority affairs, student services, and academic affairs to address identified problems and concerns.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nurses' assistants: problems and perspectives concerning the changes in the nursing profession].

The 'new' figure of the nurse-assistant is at the same time desired and feared by the nursing profession. In fact nurses could easily delegate some of their tasks and at the same time this would reduce their workload but also the number of nurses needed. The discussion on what could be delegated is still on the floor and there is urgent need of redefining the content of the work of the nurses. An open discussion also with the doctors is warranted, together with a careful analysis of how the problem has been dealt with in other countries.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2000

Increasing awareness and implementation of cultural competence principles in health professions education.

Even as the importance of improved communication between health professionals and patients grows, the factors making it more difficult continue unabated--everything from expanding medical technology and increased subspecialization to America's ever-increasing cultural diversity. This article looks at some of the ways health care professionals, administrators, accreditors, and educators across the continuum of medical and health-related professions are seeking to increase the cultural competence skills of current and future practitioners. Many of these efforts, however, are still too recent and limited to produce measurable results. Data on the implementation of educational standards and curricula need to be collected, analyzed, and disseminated to begin to identify the degree to which standards and educational materials are being developed and implemented and what, if any, impact they are having on the delivery of culturally effective care.

Accreditation↗
PubMed2000

[Professional unemployment in Andalucia. Expectations and difficulties in the nursing profession].

The primary objective of this article is to know the professional, academic and formative expectations in Nursing and those problems which hinder the performance of this profession among the Andalucian public health centers. The authors carried out an extensive descriptive study during the years 1994-1996 based on a sampling of 1020 nursing professionals pertaining to the Andalucian Health Service. These samples were obtained by means of a random stratification by provinces and care level, with an affixation proportional to the size of the stratum, having a 95% confidence rate and a 3.5% error rate. The data were acquired by means of a self-administered questionnaire sent in by mail. Among the most significant results, the authors highlight that fact that the professional, academic and performance expectations among Andalucian Nursing professionals center on research and investigation (71.5%), postgraduate courses (75%), possible Licentiate in Nursing (82.4%) and some nursing specialty (78.7%). Among the difficulties identified for professional performance, the items which stands out were those derived from the absence of a legal definition for Nursing functions (90.8%).

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1994

Gloom or boom for chiropractic in its second century? A comparison of the demise of alternative healing professions.

As Americans suffered through the heroic medicine of the 1800s, many medical alternatives, known as sects, evolved in the United States. Examination of the developments and problems encountered of medical sects, namely Thomsonism, homeopathy, osteopathy, naturopathy and chiropractic, reveals many similarities among them. While some sects have either dissolved or been absorbed by other professions, chiropractic has survived as a separate and distinct healing art. As chiropractic approaches its centennial celebration, it continues to demonstrate specific sectarian characteristics that may hinder progression into the future. This paper examines parallels among the developments of chiropractic and other alternatives. A review of some historic and contemporary scholars' predictions for the future of chiropractic is presented as well as potential solutions.

Chiropractic↗
PubMed1997

Phanostrate, Metrodora, Lais and the others. Women in the medical profession.

This article offers a historical view of the women in the medical profession from the Homeric epics to Soranus and Galen until the early Middle Ages, in both the Eastern and Western Mediterranean areas. Recent important medical-historical papers well claify the contribution of women in health care in both the Greek and the Roman world.

Greek World↗