Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Musa”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Laparoscopic treatment of small bowel phytobezoar obstruction.

An intestinal bezoar causing obstruction is usually treated by an open approach, either with manual mechanical fragmentation or with enterotomy and removal of the bezoar. In this article, we report the minimally invasive surgical management of a 59-year-old man in whom a bezoar obstructing the small intestine developed at the site of an adhesion from a previous gastric surgery. The bezoar was laparoscopically broken down and milked through the ileocecal valve. In the future, the laparoscopic approach may be the treatment of choice for patients with a bezoar when surgery is indicated.

Bezoars↗
PubMed2002

Nutrient composition of rose (Rosa canina L.) seed and oils.

Rose seeds were evaluated for weight of 100 seeds, moisture, crude protein, ash, crude oil, energy, and mineral content. Also, fatty acid composition was determined in the seed oils. The weight of 100 seeds, moisture, crude oil, energy, and iron (Fe) content of Ermenek rose seeds were found to be higher than those of other regions. The major fatty acids identified by gas chromatography of rose seed oils growing wild in the Hadim, Taskent, and Ermenek regions in Turkey were, respectively, as follows: palmitic (3.17%, 1.71%, and 2.14%), stearic (2.47%, 2.14%, and 1.69%), oleic (16.73%, 18.42%, and 14.71%), linoleic (54.41%, 51.71%, and 48,64%), linolenic (17.14%, 16.42%, and 18.41%), and arachidic (2.11%, 1.87%, and 2.61%). The seeds were rich in oil and minerals. The oil may be valuable for food and other uses because of its high unsaturated content.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed2002

Melatonin, serotonin, and tryptamine in some egyptian food and medicinal plants.

The mammalian pineal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an aminoindole produced by the metabolism of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), has been shown to be a potent scavenger for the highly toxic hydroxyl radical. Three substances that are very important in animal physiology (e.g., in brain metabolism) are noradrenaline, histamine, and serotonin; all three occur in plants. Here we report that serotonin, tryptamine, and melatonin were found in some edible and medicinal plants in Egypt. The results of this screening showed that the pulp of underripe and ripe yellow banana contains 5-hydroxytryptamine at concentrations of 31.4 and 18.5 ng/g, respectively. Corn, rice, barley grains, and ginger showed the highest concentrations of melatonin, at 187.8, 149.8, 87.3, 142.3 ng/100 g, respectively. On the other hand, potato samples were free from all indolamines. Pomegranate and strawberry showed a low level of indolamines (8-12 microg/g serotonin, 4-9 microg/g tryptamine, and 13-29 ng/100 g melatonin).

Food Analysis↗
PubMed2003

Antioxidant activities of rosemary, sage, and sumac extracts and their combinations on stability of natural peanut oil.

The antioxidant efficacy of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), sage (Salvia fruticosa L.), and sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) extracts and combinations at 4% concentrations (wt/vol, extract/oil) were investigated. Methanolic extracts of rosemary, sage, sumac, and their combinations were applied to peanut oil stored at 80 degrees C for 24 h. The antioxidant effect was determined by measuring the peroxide value. All extracts showed antioxidant effects compared with control. But the antioxidant effect of all extracts was low compared with that of butylated hydroxytoluene. Rosemary extract (except for 3 and 4 h) exhibited the most antioxidant effect compared with other individual extracts. Of blends, the most effective ones were sage plus sumac combinations. Sumac extract is also promising as a source of natural antioxidants.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2003

Effect of sumach (Rhus coriaria L.) extracts on the oxidative stability of peanut oil.

The antioxidant activities of sumach (Rhus coriaria L.) extracts and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) at various concentrations were tested in natural peanut oil stored at 65 degrees C for 35 days. The concentrations (weight/volume) of extracts added into oil were 1.0%, 3.0%, and 5.0%, and those of BHA were 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%. Antioxidant effect was determined by the measurement of peroxide value. After 7 days of storage, BHA and extracts of sumach were active in varying degrees against autoxidation of peanut oil, compared with the control test (P <.01). The sumach extracts generally inhibited the formation of hydroperoxide, as did BHA. After 28 days of storage, antioxidant effects of extracts were significantly decreased when compared with BHA. The decrease in the antioxidant activity of extracts might have resulted from the decrease of polyphenolic constituents. The results showed that high concentrations can enhance the potency of the antioxidant effect of sumach extract.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2004

Inhibition of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 by pollen and propolis extracts.

The inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of Aspergillus parasiticus strain NRRL 2998 of pollen and propolis extracts from different regions of Turkey were investigated in culture media. The least active concentration towards the tested fungus was 2% of both extracts. But, the inhibitory effects of all propolis extracts on mycelial growth were higher when compared with pollen extracts. While the effect of a 5% level of Antakya propolis extract increased with increasing incubation period, the antifungal effect of pollen extract from the same region on mycelial growth was less than that of the control group. As a result, none of the extracts tested completely inhibited mycelial growth. The highest inhibition rate was established at the 5% level of Taşkent and Alanya propolis samples.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed2005

Determination of mineral contents of Turkish herbal tea (Salvia aucheri var. canescens) at different infusion periods.

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry has been used for the determination of contents of major and minor elements in Salvia aucheri var. canescens (sage) and its infusions for different intervals. Twenty-five elements (Al, B, Ba, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ln, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr, Ti,V, and Zn) were detected in both S. aucheri and its infusions. The ranges of mineral levels varied from Cd (1.6668 mg/kg) to K (13,570 mg/kg) and Ni (0.05273 mg/kg) to K (196.25 mg/kg) in the herb and its infusions, respectively. The levels of K, Ca, Na, Mg, and S in all infusions in this work were higher than those of the other elements. However, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, K, Mg, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, and Zn contents were high in the first period of infusion. As a result, the first period of infusion may be proposed as the optimum infusion time because of nutritional properties. These results may be useful for the evaluation of dietary information.

Beverages↗
PubMed2005

Effect of spice hydrosols on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 strain.

The inhibitory effects of 16 spice hydrosols [anise, basil, cumin, dill, Aegean sage, fennel (sweet), laurel, mint, oregano, pickling herb, rosemary, sage, savory, sea fennel, sumac, and thyme (black)] on the mycelial growth of Aspergillus parasiticus strain NRRL 2999 were investigated in vitro. The hydrosols of anise, cumin, fennel, mint, pickling herb, oregano, savory, and thyme showed a stronger inhibitory effect on mycelial growth, while sumac, sea fennel, rosemary, sage, Aegean sage, laurel, basil, and rosemary hydrosols were unable to inhibit totally the growth. Of these, sumac had the least effect on the mycelial growth of A. parasiticus. The effectiveness of the inhibitors followed the sequence anise = cumin = fennel = mint = pickling herb = oregano = savory = thyme > laurel > dill > sage > rosemary > basil > sea fennel > rosemary > sumac.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2005

Mineral composition of different parts of Capparis ovata Desf. var. canescens (Coss.) Heywood growing wild in Turkey.

Major and minor mineral contents of young shoots, flower buds, caperberries (fruit), and seeds of Capparis ovata Desf. var. canescens (Coss.) Heywood, used as a pickling product in Turkey, were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Twenty-one minerals were assayed in samples. All materials contained high amounts of Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Pb, and Zn. The highest levels of Ca (598.34-16,947.1 ppm), K (3,093.1-28,163.9 ppm), Na (57.9-444.3 ppm), P (1,690.5-4,153.9 ppm), and Zn (21.1-35.6 ppm) were found in flower buds. The content of K was high in most cases and ranged from 28,163.9 ppm (flower bud) to 3,093.1 ppm (caper seed). Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Li, Ni, Pb, and Se contents of caper plant organs were found to be very low. Consequently, caper parts were rich in minerals, and they may be valuable for food uses. The results may also be useful for the evaluation of nutritional information.

Capparis↗
PubMed2005

Effect of different locations on the chemical composition of essential oils of laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) leaves growing wild in Turkey.

The essential oil components of Laurus nobilis gathered from seven different locations of Turkey were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The oil yields on a dry weight basis ranged between 1.4% to 2.6%. The major component was 1,8-cineole (51.73-68.48%); other predominant components were alpha-terpinyl acetate (4.04-9.87%), sabinene (4.44-7.75%), alpha-pinene (2.93-4.89%), beta-pinene (2.58-3.91%), terpinene-4-ol (1.33-3.24%), and alpha-terpineol (0.95-3.05%). Minor qualitative and major quantitative variations of some compounds were determined with respect to localities of collection. As a result, the 1,8-cineole content of these oils was significantly higher than those of other constituents of L. nobilis. Laurel is usually considered as the natural source of this compound, used in the flavor and fragrance industry.

Bicyclic Monoterpenes↗
PubMed2006

Determination of minerals extracted from several commercial teas (Camellia sinensis) to hot water (infusion).

Mineral contents of some tea and their infusions drunk in Turkey were established by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The Al, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, P, and S contents were very high in both infusions and tea (i.e., pieces of the tea plant). The As, Cd, Cr, Li, Pb, and Se contents of infusion and tea were found to be very low. The level of K of all samples is higher than those of other minerals. Generally, mineral contents of tea were found to be higher than those of tea infusions. In addition, the health benefits of teas and knowledge of their mineral contents are of great interest and may be useful for further study of enzyme systems and vital biochemical functions.

Camellia sinensis↗
PubMed2006

Constituents of the essential oil of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) growing wild in Turkey.

The essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from freshly obtained aerial parts of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) were found to be a yellow liquid, obtained in a yield of 0.2% (vol/wt) based on wet weight. The essential oils obtained from young leaves and branches of C. maritimum, collected at two different locations in Turkey (Sipahili and Yesilovacik), were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-three components were identified accounting for more than 99% of the total oils. The oils contained mainly monoterpenes, amounting to 89.0% and 99.6%, respectively, of the oils, with gamma-terpinene (36% and 32%), beta-phellandrene (21% and 22%), and sabinene (13% and 9%) as the main components.

Apiaceae↗
PubMed2006

Inhibitory effects of spice essential oils on the growth of Bacillus species.

A series of essential oils of 11 Turkish plant spices [black thyme, cumin, fennel (sweet), laurel, marjoram, mint, oregano, pickling herb, sage, savory, and thyme], used in foods mainly for their flavor, aromas, and preservation, in herbal tea, in alternative medicines, and in natural therapies, were screened for antibacterial effects at 1:50, 1:100, 1:250, and 1:500 dilutions by the paper disc diffusion method against six Bacillus species (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ATCC 3842, Bacillus brevis FMC 3, Bacillus cereus FMC 19, Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Bacillus subtilis IMG 22, and B. subtilis var. niger ATCC 10). All of the tested essential oils (except for cumin) showed antibacterial activity against one or more of the Bacillus species used in this study. Generally, the essential oils at 1:50 and 1:100 levels were more effective. Only one essential oil (laurel) was not found effective against the tested bacteria. The bacterium most sensitive to all of the spice essential oils was B. amyloliquefaciens ATCC 3842. Based on the results of this study, it is likely that essential oils of some spices may be used as antimicrobial agents to prevent the spoilage of food products.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2006

Comparative essential oil composition and antifungal effect of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare ssp. piperitum) fruit oils obtained during different vegetation.

The chemical composition of the flower and unripe and ripe fruits from fennel (bitter) (Foeniculum vulgare ssp. piperitum) has been examined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main identified components of the flower and unripe and ripe fruit oils were estragole (53.08%, 56.11%, and 61.08%), fenchone (13.53%, 19.18%, and 23.46%), and alpha-phellandrene (5.77%, 3.30%, and 0.72%), respectively. Minor qualitative and major quantitative variations for some compounds of essential oils were determined with respect to the different parts of F. vulgare. The oils exerted varying levels of antifungal effects on the experimental mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani. The 40 ppm concentrations of fennel oils showed inhibitory effect against mycelial growth of A. alternaria, whereas 10 ppm levels were ineffective. The analyses show that fennel oils exhibited different degrees of fungistatic activity depending on the doses.

Allylbenzene Derivatives↗
PubMed1984

The effects of sorghum and wheat bran on the colonic functions of healthy Sudanese subjects.

The effects of sorghum and wheat bran were compared and contrasted in a group of healthy Sudanese subjects. Ten medical students were studied while taking their normal diet, a diet of 20 g/day of sorghum bran and a diet of 20 g/day of wheat bran, each for 3 wk. Toward the end of each dietary period the wet stool weight, gut transit time, and frequency of bowel evacuation were estimated. The mean stool weight on normal diet was 136.6 +/- 43.1 g/day, on sorghum bran 173.3 +/- 48.4 g/day, and on wheat bran 219.1 +/- 98.3 g/day. The increase produced by wheat bran was significant, p less than 0.001. Both brans produced a similar number of bowel evacuations. The results suggest that sorghum bran, which is both cheap and readily available in the Sudan, produces a similar number of bowel evacuations to those of wheat bran without significantly affecting stool weight or transit time.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Breath acetone is a reliable indicator of ketosis in adults consuming ketogenic meals.

BACKGROUND: Ketogenic diets are used therapeutically to treat intractable seizures. Clinically, it appears that the maintenance of ketosis is crucial to the efficacy of the diet in ameliorating seizures. To understand how ketosis and seizure protection are related, a reliable, noninvasive measure of ketosis that can be performed frequently with minimal discomfort is needed. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine which index, breath acetone or urinary acetoacetate, is more strongly related to the plasma ketones acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. DESIGN: After fasting overnight for 12 h, 12 healthy adults consumed 4 ketogenic meals over 12 h. Blood, breath, and urine samples were collected hourly. Blood was analyzed for plasma acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate, breath for acetone, and urine for acetoacetate. RESULTS: By the end of the 12-h dietary treatment, plasma acetoacetate, plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate, and breath acetone had increased 3.5-fold, whereas urinary acetoacetate increased 13-fold when measured enzymatically and 25-fold when measured with urinary ketone dipsticks. Plasma acetoacetate was best predicted by breath acetone (R(2) = 0.70, P < 0.0001). Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate was equally predicted by breath acetone and urinary acetoacetate (R(2) = 0.54, P = 0.0040). CONCLUSIONS: Breath acetone is as good a predictor of ketosis as is urinary acetoacetate. Breath acetone analysis is noninvasive and can be performed frequently with minimal discomfort to patients. As an indicator of ketosis in epilepsy patients consuming a ketogenic diet, breath acetone may be useful for understanding the mechanism of the diet, elucidating the importance of ketosis in seizure protection, and ultimately, enhancing the efficacy of the diet by improving patient monitoring.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed2005

Segmentation of cDNA microarray spots using markov random field modeling.

MOTIVATION: Spot segmentation is a critical step in microarray gene expression data analysis. Therefore, the performance of segmentation may substantially affect the results of subsequent stages of the analysis, such as the detection of differentially expressed genes. Several methods have been developed to segment microarray spots from the surrounding background. In this study, we have proposed a new approach based on Markov random field (MRF) modeling and tested its performance on simulated and real microarray images against a widely used segmentation method based on Mann-Whitney test adopted by QuantArray software (Boston, MA). Spot addressing was performed using QuantArray. We have also devised a simulation method to generate microarray images with realistic features. Such images can be used as gold standards for the purposes of testing and comparing different segmentation methods, and optimizing segmentation parameters. RESULTS: Experiments on simulated and 14 actual microarray image sets show that the proposed MRF-based segmentation method can detect spot areas and estimate spot intensities with higher accuracy.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

Validation of the auscultatory method for diagnosing peripheral arterial disease.

BACKGROUND: The Ankle brachial index (ABI) has been shown to be useful in diagnosing peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Ankle systolic blood pressures are measured by a Doppler device; however, general physicians cannot always use it in daily practice. The ausculutatory method (AUS) is an alternative method and quite easy to perform, but has not yet been validated in diagnosing PAD. OBJECTIVE: To validate AUS for diagnosing PAD based on ABI, compared with Doppler method as gold standard. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Study subjects were 119 patients aged 50 years and older, who were consecutively admitted to the division of general internal medicine in two community hospitals in Japan. We measured the systolic blood pressures of the brachial and the posterior tibial arteries by two methods. We calculated the ABI from the systolic blood pressure obtained by these two methods. PAD was considered to be present when ABI </=0.90 by the Doppler method. RESULTS: PAD was diagnosed in 22 (18.5%) of 119 patients. Korotkoff sounds of legs were inaudible by AUS in 47 (39.5%) patients. The likelihood ratios for diagnosing PAD patients by AUS were 2.7 (95% CI 1.9 to 3.9) in cases with inaudible Korotkoff sounds, 0.7 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.9) when ABI </=0.9 and 0.09 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.4) when ABI >0.9. CONCLUSIONS: While AUS is not efficient enough to confirm the presence of PAD based on ABI, it could be clinically useful in excluding PAD when ABI >0.90. When measuring ankle blood pressure by AUS in the daily practice, it is important to realise its strengths and weaknesses.

Aged↗