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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Whole bladder photodynamic therapy: critical review of present-day technology and rationale for development of intravesical laser catheter and monitoring system.

Present-day whole bladder photodynamic therapy (WBPDT) is cumbersome and time consuming because cystoscopic and ultrasonic manipulations are necessary to position the light emitter within the bladder. More important, WBPDT is inherently unsafe and often ineffective since neither uniform photoirradiation nor accurate light dosimetry can be achieved with the techniques employed to photoirradiate the bladder wall. The intravesical laser catheter (IVLC) eliminates the need for cystoscopy and ultrasonography because passage of the treatment fiber into the catheter's central lumen automatically positions its light-diffusing tip within the center of the bladder. Use of the IVLC delivery system also assures accurate photoirradiation of the bladder wall since inflation of the catheter's balloon transforms the asymmetric bladder into a sphere of known diameter. The light sensor incorporated in the balloon wall provides a method to monitor light fluence and measure total light dose. When provided the parameters of bladder volume, laser energy output, and desired light dose, the computerized control system calculates treatment time and automatically adjusts the period of photoirradiation to compensate for variations in laser light production, energy losses during transmission, and for variations in light intensity resulting from the integrating sphere effect of the bladder wall. This delivery system also increases the safety of WBPDT since the monitor automatically discontinues treatment if any unsafe situation, with respect to light fluence, develops during photoirradiation.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1982

[The "robotron NATALI" microcomputer-assisted birth monitoring system].

The microcomputer system "robotron-NATALI" from VEB Kombinat robotron Dresden, GDR, is applicable for bed side-monitoring and disposed about a new graphical representation of CTG's for fetal condition and uterine activity. A dialogue between physician or nurse and the computer is possible. After parturition all administered data are printed out in form of a partogram, inclusive the graphical representations during labor.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Flow-monitoring system for high-frequency ventilation.

With the addition of appropriate logic circuitry and a single-board microcomputer, a thermistor flowmeter becomes a clinically useful ventilation monitor. The microcomputer calculates upper and lower reference (voltage) levels from the baseline (normal) flow signal generated by the thermistor bridge. If the flow signal fails to pass repetitively through one or both of these reference levels, visual and audio alarms are generated. Tests performed with both high-frequency (3 Hz) and low-frequency (0.2 Hz) ventilator systems show the usefulness of this system in sensing a variety of malfunctions, including endotracheal tube occlusions, leaks, changes in flow or tidal volume, and hose disconnects.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Intravascular medication delivery devices and monitoring systems.

This article presents a review of the current standards and the research of infection-control practice for medication delivery devices and monitoring equipment. The standards of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Intravenous Nursing Society, and the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Incorporated, are reviewed and compared to the current research.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed2001

Development of an element-selective monitoring system for adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) with plasma emission spectrometric detection for quasi-continuous waste-water analysis.

An automated quasi-continuously-operating monitor has been developed for element-selective analysis of adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) in water. After extensive optimization the automatic method was applied to the analysis of standard solutions and real waste water samples to prove its analytical applicability. The new instrument is based on the element-selective analysis of halogens by means of a spectroscopic detection system consisting of a microwave-induced helium plasma excitation source (TM010-type; developed in this laboratory) and the plasma emission detector (PED) which operates with oscillating narrow-band interference filters. After enriching the organic components on activated charcoal and pyrolysis in an oxygen stream at 950 degrees C, in accordance with DIN/EN 38409,H14/1485, interfering CO2 and H2O gas generated during combustion is removed from the analytes in the so-called ELSA-system (element-selective AOX-analyzer). For focused injection into the plasma excitation source the analytes (hydrogen halides) are trapped in a deactivated fused silica capillary at -180 degrees C; this is followed by identification and quantification on the basis of element-specific emission of radiation in the VIS and NIR-region (chlorine 837.6 nm, fluorine 685.6 nm). Bromine and iodine could not be detected with satisfactory inter-element selectivity, because of spectral interferences caused by matrix elements, and so results from the respective single-element investigations for determination of AOBr and AOI are not presented. The procedure has been validated and the analytical performance has been examined by calibration with p-chlorophenol and p-fluorophenol. The limit of detection was 1.1 microg (absolute) for chlorine and 6.6 microg (absolute) for fluorine.

Flow Injection Analysis↗