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Results for “Intestinal Fistula”

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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Inhibition of gastric emptying by sodium oleate depends on length of intestine exposed to nutrient.

Previously, we reported that inhibition of gastric emptying by glucose or acids depends on the length of gut exposed to the inhibitor [Gastroenterology 95: A877, 1988; Am. J. Physiol. 256 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 19): G404-G411, 1989]. In this study, we hypothesized that feedback control by fat may be similarly regulated. In dogs with chronic intestinal fistulas, we compared the intensity of intestinal feedback when different lengths of the small intestine were exposed to meals of 3, 9, or 27 mM sodium oleate. We found that 1) inhibition of liquid emptying was dose dependent, 2) intensity of negative feedback was dependent on both the concentration of the oleate and the length of gut exposed to fat, 3) full inhibitory effect was achieved with exposure of fat to 150 cm of gut, 4) inhibition from the distal one-half of gut was less potent than that generated from the proximal one-half of gut, and 5) on a molar basis oleate was 20 times as effective as glucose at inhibition of gastric emptying and that this difference was related to the slower rate of fat absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Reconstructive operations on colonic left part after radical interventions for its tumoral obstruction].

The results of clinical investigations and analysis of case history obtained in 257 patients with colonic cancer are presented. It is shown that the efficiency of colonic decompression with the help of intestinal fistula depends on anastomosis close position. Intestinal Y-anastamosis answers these requirements and was used in 25 patients. Application of Y-anastomosis allows forming the primary colonic bypass during acute intestinal obstruction caused by the tumor of colonic left part, even under conditions of reactive phase of general peritonitis. It also permits to decrease the postoperative lethality and carry out the patient social-and-working rehabilitation in quick time with the use of early safe extraperitoneal reconstructive operations.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Pedicle graft of intestine seromuscular layer and skin graft for repair of abdominal wall defect].

OBJECTIVE: To explore an effective method to repair the abdominal wall defect. METHODS: From July 1996 to December 2000, 7 cases with abdominal wall defect were repaired by pedicle graft of intestine seromuscular layer and skin graft, among them, intestinal fistula caused by previous injury during operation in 4 cases, abdominal wall defect caused by infection after primary fistulization of colon tumor in 2 cases, abdominal wall invaded by intestinal tumor in 1 case. Exploratory laparotomy was performed under general anesthesia, the infective and edematous tissue around abdominal wall defect was gotten rid off, and the pathologic intestine was removed. A segment of intestine with mesentery was intercepted, and the intestine along the longitudinal axis offside mesentery was cutted, the mucous layer of intestine was scraped. The intestine seromuscular layer was sutured to the margin of abdominal wall defect, and grafted by intermediate split thickness skin. RESULTS: The abdominal wall wound in 6 cases were healed by first intention, but part of grafted skin was necrosed, and it was healed by second skin graft. No intestinal anastomotic leakage was observed in all cases. Followed up 1 to 2 years, there were no abdominal hernia or abdominal internal hernia. All the cases could normally defecate. The nutriture of all cases were improved remarkably. CONCLUSION: Pedicle graft of intestine seromuscular layer is a reliable method to repair abdominal wall defect with low regional tension, abundant blood supply and high successful rate.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1993

The morphologic relationship of sinus and fistula formation to intestinal stenoses in children with Crohn's disease.

Sinus and fistula (SF) formation in adults with Crohn's disease has been ascribed to increased intraluminal pressure from stenotic lesions or to inflammation. We retrospectively evaluated 55 surgically resected specimens from 30 children with Crohn's disease for stenotic lesions, sinuses, fistulas, and inflammation. Eighteen of 30 children had one operation, and there were 12 multiple surgeries. Thirty-one of 55 specimens (56%) contained stenoses. SF formation was seen in 16 of 31 specimens with stenosis; it developed proximal to the stenosis in seven patients, distal in five, and both proximal and distal in four. SF formation was also noted in 12/24 specimens without stenosis. In 93% of the cases, the SF was associated with moderate to severe inflammation. Although 56% of the patients had stenoses, SF frequently developed independent of stenosis. All SF were associated with inflammation. Therefore, inflammation rather than increased intraluminal pressure appears to be the primary factor in SF formation in children with Crohn's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Jejunal-rectal fistula as a complication of postoperative radiotherapy.

We present the case of a patient with an unusual, complex enteric fistula with multiple tracts and associated abscesses. The fistula was a late complication of radiotherapy, administered three years earlier, after resection for carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. Most of the small bowel was involved in the radiation-induced disease. A wide resection was performed successfully. This report reviews current literature on intra-abdominal postradiotherapy injuries, particularly intestinal fistulae.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A double aorto-enteric fistula secondary to an aortic pseudoaneurysm. Its anatomical correction].

A very rare case of double fistula aorto-enteric jejunal and ileal, draining to an aortic pseudoaneurysm, is presented. There were not evidence of sepsis, and by this reason pseudoaneurysm and prosthesis were removed, a new prosthesis was inserted by reconstruction "in situ", and intestinal fistulas were closed. The short- and large-term postoperatory was satisfactory. A review about possible mechanisms implicated in a fistula, diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives was made.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed2003

Electrical pacing accelerates intestinal transit slowed by fat-induced ileal brake.

Previous studies on intestinal electrical stimulation were aimed at achieving a delay in intestinal transit. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the physiological slowing of intestinal transit by the fat-induced ileal brake might be accelerated with intestinal electrical stimulation. This study was performed in five dogs prepared with eight serosal electrodes in the jejunum and two chronic intestinal fistulas located in the duodenum and at the midpoint of the small intestine. To slow transit by triggering the ileal brake, oleate was delivered into the distal half of the gut while buffer was perfused into the proximal half of the gut. Intestinal transit between the fistulas was measured by the recovery of [99mTc]DTPA. To test for the effect of pacing, transit was compared with vs. without continuous forward electrical stimulation (frequency: 24 cycles/min; pulse duration: 50 msec, pulse amplitude 1-3 mA). Electrical stimulation completely entrained intestinal pacesetter potentials as measured fromthe seven recording electrodes distal to the pacing electrode. A substantial and significant increase in intestinal transit was observed with intestinal electrical stimulation with the percentage of marker recovery increasing from 19.2 +/- 9.3% to 84.6 +/- 11.3% (P < 0.01). In conclusion, intestinal electrical stimulation accelerates intestinal transit slowed by ileal brake.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A rare variant of neuroenteric cyst: split notochord syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: We present a case of split notochord syndrome, an extremely rare form of spinal dysraphism. DESCRIPTION: We treated a 2 month-old boy presenting with an extensive lumbosacral deformity, hydrocephalus and apparent enteric segments in the dorsal midline, accompanied by an enteric fistula and imperforated anus. The malformation was diagnosed as split notochord syndrome. The baby died as a result of sepsis before surgical treatment could be attempted. COMMENTS: Split notochord syndrome is the rarest form of neuroenteric cyst described until this moment (< 25 cases in the literature). It is frequently associated with anorectal malformation, intestinal fistulae and hydrocephalus. Prognosis is not necessarily poor and survival is possible if digestive malformations, hydrocephalus and the dysraphism itself are treated simultaneously.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

[Somatostatin in gastroenterological therapy].

Somatostatin (SST) has been shown by several controlled studies to be effective in halting acute severe bleeding from ulcerative and erosive lesions of the upper intestinal tract. Its efficacy for the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices is less certain, and more controlled studies are necessary. Intravenous administration of SST or subcutaneous application of the new synthetic SST-analogues produces a decrease in serum hormone levels and abolition of symptoms in patients with endocrine-active tumors such as vipoma, glucagonoma and carcinoid. SST has no effect on the outcome of acute pancreatitis, and experience with SST in treating intestinal fistulas is very limited.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Jejunostomy by Midle in patients with insufficiency of anastomotic sutures of upper parts of gastrointestinal tract].

Insufficiency of anastomosis is one of the main causes of peritonitis. Progressed cachexia due to great losses through intestinal fistulas in combination with peritonitis was the indication to jejunostoma creation. Jejunostomy by Middle in the treatment of postoperative peritonitis due to sutures insufficiency of upper anastomosis of gastrointestinal tract permits to optimize treatment: to realize adequate enteral nutrition, intestinal decompression, to return fistula's losses. Polyorganic insufficiency, number of repeated surgeries and volume of loss through fistulas influence results of the treatment. Respiratory distress-syndrome and errosive bleeding have the most prognostic significance among the syndromes of polyorganic insufficiency.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1977

Urological complications in chronic inflammatory diseases of the bowel.

In advanced stages, the three most common inflammatory bowel diseases - colonic diverticulitis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis - cause, in some 10% of cases, secondary urological pathology involving either bladder or ureter. Colovesical fistula is found more frequently in diverticulitis and less often in Crohn's disease, which penetrates predominantly from the ileum into the bladder. On the other hand, if uretic stenosis develops it will be caused on the right side by Crohn's disease and on the left by ulcerative colitis. Vesico-intestinal fistulae will close without sequelae after resection of the diseased bowel segment. On the other hand, retroperitoneal ureteric stenosis - despite bowel resection and ureterolysis - will often require nephrectomy if operation is not carried out early enough. Frequent re-checks with infusion excretory urography will help to prevent this. Nephrolithiasis, amyloidosis and contracted bladder are other, though less common, complications of chronic inflammatory diseases of the bowel.

Chronic Disease↗