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PubMed2004

Enhancing entrepreneurship and professionalism in medical informatics instruction: a collaborative training model.

This report describes an innovative training program designed to foster entrepreneurship and professionalism in students interested in the field of medical informatics. The course was developed through a private-public interinstitutional collaboration involving four academic institutions, one private firm specializing in health care information management systems, and a philanthropic organization. The program challenged students to serve in multiple roles on multidisciplinary teams and develop an innovative hand-held solution for drug information retrieval. Although the course was technically and behaviorally rigorous and required extensive hands-on experience in a nontraditional learning environment, both students and faculty responded positively.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed2004

A network-based system to improve care for schizophrenia: the Medical Informatics Network Tool (MINT).

The Medical Informatics Network Tool (MINT) is a software system that supports the management of care for chronic illness. It is designed to improve clinical information, facilitate teamwork, and allow management of health care quality. MINT includes a browser interface for entry and organization of data and preparation of real-time reports. It includes personal computer-based applications that interact with clinicians. MINT is being used in a project to improve the treatment of schizophrenia. At each patient visit, a nurse briefly assesses symptoms, side effects, and other key problems and enters this information into MINT. When the physician subsequently opens the patient's electronic medical record, a window appears with the assessment information, a messaging interface, and access to treatment guidelines. Clinicians and managers receive reports regarding the quality of patients' treatment. To date, MINT has been used with more than 165 patients and 29 psychiatrists and has supported practices that are consistent with improvements in the quality of care.

Decision Support Systems, Clinical↗
PubMed2006

An informatics blueprint for healthcare quality information systems.

There is a critical gap in our nation's ability to accurately measure and manage the quality of medical care. A robust healthcare quality information system (HQIS) has the potential to address this deficiency through the capture, codification, and analysis of information about patient treatments and related outcomes. Because non-technical issues often present the greatest challenges, this paper provides an overview of these socio-technical issues in building a successful HQIS, including the human, organizational, and knowledge management (KM) perspectives. Through an extensive literature review and direct experience in building a practical HQIS (the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Outcomes Research Database system), we have formulated an "informatics blueprint" to guide the development of such systems. While the blueprint was developed to facilitate healthcare quality information collection, management, analysis, and reporting, the concepts and advice provided may be extensible to the development of other types of clinical research information systems.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2004

Long-term retention of knowledge after a distance course in medical informatics at Charles University Prague.

BACKGROUND: Distance education is instructional delivery that does not constrain the student to be physically present in the same location as the instructor. The electronic distance learning called e-learning has evolved with the development of computer technologies and electronic communication. PURPOSE: Before setting the distance way of teaching as a standard part of medical schools' curricula, the impact of number of factors on the effectiveness of this way of teaching should be considered. METHODS: A group of 38 students went through a distance course of medical informatics. The course consisted of 10 lessons. At the end of the course the students sat for a final test that contained 60 multiple-choice test questions. There was always one correct answer. Time limit for test completion was 60 minutes. After 12 months, 31 students from the original group sat for the same test. The topics of the course were not repeated in the meantime. The students were not aware that their knowledge would be tested after 1 year. RESULTS: The average retention of knowledge expressed as a percentage of the students' performance in the first test was 66.8%. The knowledge retention correlated significantly with the statement "I liked the online course more than the classroom course" and positively with the number of hours spent with the computer weekly. CONCLUSIONS: Retention of knowledge after the electronic distance course after 12 months is close to 67%. Other results indicate that we can expect better retention of knowledge from independent, responsible, and positively motivated students who can easily operate information technologies.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed2003

Using clinical vignette assignments to teach medical informatics.

In response to curricular changes, many academic health sciences librarians have participated in curriculum planning and/or developed informatics course requirements for students enrolled at health sciences universities. This article describes the use of clinical vignette assignments, student journal club activities, and vignette-type multiple choice questions to teach and assess skills related to managing biomedical information, communicating effectively, basic computing, and life-long learning.

Computer User Training↗
PubMed2005

Fellowship training at John Hopkins: programs leading to careers in librarianship and informatics as informaticians or informationists.

Preparing librarians to meet the information challenges faced in the current and future health care environments is critical. At Johns Hopkins University, three NLM-funded fellowship programs provide opportunities for librarians to utilize the rich environments of the Welch Medical Library and the Division of Health Sciences Informatics in support of life-long learning.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2005

Defining and assessing medical informatics competencies.

As academic health sciences libraries assume larger roles in informatics instruction within medical school curricula, librarians are challenged to develop useful and accurate measures for assessing the effectiveness of instructional approaches. The need for this evaluation has intensified as medical schools increase their emphasis on integration of curriculum content and shift to competency-based education and assessment of medical students. This paper reports on a pilot project developed at Dahlgren Memorial Library, Georgetown University Medical Center, for two courses using an instructional intervention and tailored assignment for assessing student competencies.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed2006

Librarians in the Woods Hole Biomedical Informatics course.

What has come to be known as the "Woods Hole course", Biomedical Informatics, is a week-long course sponsored by the National Library of Medicine which has been offered since 1992. Its participants include librarians, clinicians, educators, and administrators. This article discusses the content of the course and its applicability to medical librarians.

Librarians↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current perspectives in nursing informatics].

Nursing Informatics is the area of knowledge that studies the application of technological resources in teaching, in practice, in care, and in the management of care. Resources such as voice recognition, knowledge base, genoma project and even Internet have offered to Nursing a gama of possibilities for a better professional performance and better nursing care to the patient/client. This text reports and exemplifies how these resources are impacting and presenting new oportunities for teaching, research and specially for nursing care, still warns for the importance of humanized care in a high-tech scenario.

Nursing Informatics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of medical informatics for management of multiple sclerosis using a chronic-care model.

The mission of the Multiple Sclerosis Centers of Excellence (MSCoEs) is to optimize the services veterans with multiple sclerosis (MS) receive across the U.S. Veterans Health Administration. To accomplish this mission, the MSCoE West has adopted a collaborative chronic-disease management strategy along the lines of the model described by Wagner and colleagues. This model describes an organized, integrated, proactive, and population-based approach to patient care that includes healthcare delivery system change and patient-based self-management. While Wagner's model is described independent of information technology, the majority of actions called for in that model benefit tremendously from the application of a powerful and well-integrated informatics infrastructure designed to serve and support populations with chronic disease. Key elements such as goals and actions encourage high-quality care for those with chronic illnesses.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2004

Tackling publication bias and selective reporting in health informatics research: register your eHealth trials in the International eHealth Studies Registry.

Beginning in July 2005, several major medical journals, including the Journal of Medical Internet Research, will only consider trials for publication that have been registered in a trial registry before they started. This is to reduce publication bias and to prevent selective reporting of positive outcomes. As existing clinical trial registers seem to be unsuitable or suboptimal for eHealth studies, a free International eHealth Study Registry (IESR) has been set up, allowing registration of trials (including non-randomized studies) in the field of health informatics and assigning an International eHealth Study Number (IESN). The IESR should meet the requirements of journal editors for a-priori registration of a study. We hope IESR will become the preferred choice for registration of eHealth studies and, as an secondary benefit, will become an international repository of ongoing eHealth projects, thereby enhancing global collaboration and reducing duplication of effort.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2006

Bridging the divide: the need for translational informatics.

Translational science promises to deliver real benefit to the pharmaceutical industry, reducing attrition and affording high quality, efficacious medicines. The development and use of biomarkers aims to reduce drug development risks and generate a better understanding of disease. Informatics is an essential component of the translational science toolkit; researchers must be able to work effectively with biomarker data, and the capture and reuse of knowledge is vital for long-term success. An analysis of current data and knowledge management practices in the translational science area is presented.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human meaning of medical informatics: reflections on its future and trends.

The philosophy underlying medical informatics, and indeed information systems in general, is discussed. The need for integrating concepts is considered, and particular emphasis is placed on the avoidance of fragmentation and overspecialization. Human and artificial intelligence are compared and contrasted. It is shown that human intellectual activity cannot be reduced to a set of formal computations. The main emphasis of this paper is that the unique properties of human intelligence should not be devalued or ignored in attempts to promote machine systems in unappropriate areas.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telestroika in health care informatics: a challenge for standardization in Europe.

This article describes the actual user requirements of the health care sector in connection with telematics. The importance of standardization is stressed. The paper further gives an overview of the current standing of the activities of CEN TC 251 (European Standardization Committee, Technical Committee on Health Care Informatics).

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The important role of international exchange in the development of medical informatics in developing countries: a report from China.

China is a developing country, and so is inferior to the developed countries in many aspects of science and technology. It is similarly a new member in the world ranking of the application of computers in biomedicine. However, since implementing the policy of reform and opening to the outside world in 1976, China has achieved greater success in biomedical signal and image processing, biomedical data processing, computer-aided diagnosis, computerized hospital management, etc. China's development shows that international exchange and cooperation are very important for the development of medical informatics in developing countries, and the application of computers in biomedicine has progressively spread all over the world and is increasingly taking root in the hearts of the people.

China↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing informatics: the trend of the future.

Nursing informatics is a combination of computer, information, and nursing sciences. This new and expanding field addresses the efficient and effective use of information for nurses. Preparing nurses for computerization is essential to confront an explosion of sophisticated computerized technology in the workplace. It is critical in a competitive health care market for preparing nurses to use the most cost-effective methods. A model is presented that identifies six essential factors for preparing nurses for computerization. Strong leadership, effective communication, organized training sessions, established time frames, planned change, and tailored software are the essential factors to consider for development of a successful educational program.

Computer User Training↗
PubMed1989

Addressing challenges in nursing informatics instruction.

Objectives for the interactive experiences include exposure to a wide variety of computer applications; in-depth experience with at least one application; overcoming computer fear; appreciating the rigid, logical flow of computerized problem-solving; and appreciating the benefits and limitations of computer applications for a variety of purposes. Ultimately, a major purpose of transferring informatics content is related to stimulating students' imagination with respect to the computer's ability to aid their professional endeavors. Robinson (1984) describes the imagination factor: "I think the total potential of computers is only limited by our imagination. It's like giving an artist a palette that has an infinite number of colors, some of them invisible to the naked eye. . . It is a tool for the realization of ideas." Students who have been exposed to the benefits of major categories of computer applications can appreciate computer capabilities with respect to exploring scientific and nursing phenomena, and building databases to store and access information (Newbern, 1985). These students should have enough theoretical and experimental knowledge of computers to become actively involved in making creative, informed decisions about how computers will be applied to nursing in their professional setting. Hardin and Skiba (1982) noted a gap between the powerful information processing capabilities of the computer and its relatively limited use by nursing--a gap which still exists today. Students who have participated in an idea generation course on computer applications can help to bridge this gap, helping nursing to take full advantage of the computer-saturated environments of the future.

Computer User Training↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tools, technologies, and informatics: supporting glycemic control.

OBJECTIVE: To overcome the challenges involved in the adoption and implementation of standards of glycemic control in the inpatient setting. METHODS: Three major barriers to effective glycemic control are examined, and solutions are discussed. RESULTS: The diabetes care process occurs at several levels of the hospital system, including the community level. Each level must be considered when solutions for glycemic control are determined and implementation planned. Workflow coordination is another challenge; it addresses the end users who provide patient care and use information support. Informatics, or the application of information technology to healthcare, can facilitate system-level and workflow integration efforts to improve glycemic control. CONCLUSION: Glycemic control can be achieved through coordinated and facilitated efforts at each level of the hospital system--individual, unit, and hospital-wide. Multidisciplinary team coordination, workflow integration, effective information sharing, and communication are required.

Hospital Information Systems↗