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PubMedDate not supplied

Supracondylar process of the humerus: four cases.

Four cases of supracondylar process of the humerus are presented. Two of the patients were asymptomatic and in one of these the supracondylar process was fractured. In a third there was median nerve compression and in the last there was ulnar nerve entrapment. The anatomical features, clinical symptoms and therapy are described. Good results were obtained after resection of the supracondylar process; neurological symptoms regressed one month after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Osteoarticular allografts for reconstruction in the proximal part of the humerus after excision of a musculoskeletal tumor.

An osteoarticular allograft was used to replace the proximal end of the humerus in twenty patients who had had a wide excision of a bone tumor. Three patients needed a second allograft because the first became infected. All patients were followed for at least two years except for two patients who died. The functional results and complications of the twenty-three index procedures were evaluated. Function was excellent in one patient, good in eleven, fair in one, and poor in five. The allografts had advantages compared with other options for reconstruction (for example, prosthetic implants); these included restoration of the length of the bone, replacement of the articular surface, and sites for reattachment of the deltoid muscle and rotator cuff. We concluded that the complications do not preclude use of this procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Rotational osteotomy of the humerus for posterior instability of the shoulder.

We evaluated twelve shoulders (ten patients) that had recurrent, painful posterior instability and were treated by external rotational osteotomy of the humerus. The length of follow-up ranged from two to twelve years. The patients rated the result as excellent or good in ten of the twelve shoulders. Objectively, two shoulders were rated as excellent; eight, as good; and two, as fair. There was recurrent instability in one shoulder that had had multidirectional instability. One pseudarthrosis, which persisted for ten years, was revealed on the follow-up radiographs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of lesions in the head and neck of the humerus and the femur in dysbaric osteonecrosis.

In a prospective investigation of 164 cases of dysbaric osteonecrosis out of a total of 1269 hyperbaric workers, we found that lesions are apt to occur more frequently in some sites of the head and neck of the femur and humerus than in others. Defining the susceptibility of sites with radiographs has improved our ability to make early diagnoses because we are able to estimate the likelihood of a definite lesion of osteonecrosis developing. We have found that when the trabeculae in a susceptible site appear disordered or have translucent areas, the site often develops into osteonecrosis in a few years.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Resection of the distal part of the humerus in neglected elbow dislocations. Apropos of 23 case reports].

The authors describe the results obtained in 23 resections of the lower extremity of the humerus in neglected elbow dislocation examined after periods of between 7 years to 4 months. Results on elbow mobility are satisfactory in more than 70% of the cases, taking into consideration initial disability. But the cost of such intervention to be paid is often a laxity of the elbow and diminished strength. Indications are inveterate disabling dislocation, in case of immediate or late failure of open reductions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Growth of the humerus after denervation. An experimental study in the rat.

The purpose of the study was, firstly, to determine if muscle activity in the rat has any effect on the growth in length of the humerus and on the migration of the deltoid tuberosity and, secondly, to evaluate the effect of muscle activity on the size and shape of the deltoid tuberosity. Three groups of 25 days old male rats were used. In the first group the brachial plexus innervating one forelimb was resected (the treatment side) and the opposite side was unoperated (the non-treatment side). The second group was sham-operated on one side and the third group, the control group, was unoperated. All animals were killed at 53 days of age and the dried humeri measured and compared. For all dimensions the experimental group varied significantly from the remaining two groups in the magnitude of the differences between the treatment and non-treatment sides. In the experimental group the deltoid tuberosities were smaller, less curved, and closer to the proximal end of the bone in humeri from the treatment sides compared to humeri from the non-treatment sides. Humeri from the treatment sides were significantly shorter and were narrower opposite the deltoid tuberosity. A prominent nutrient artery canal was significantly closer to the proximal end of the bone in humeri from the treatment side. These results indicate that after denervation more growth occurred distally and less growth occurred proximally. The differences were, however, small. The present study provides evidence of the contribution made by muscle activity to the form and growth in length of a long bone, and provides indirect evidence of the interaction between the activity of the growth plates and periosteal tension. It is postulated that muscle pull affects periosteal tension and consequently bone form and growth in length.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Errors and complications of plastic surgery of defects and false joints of the humerus using free vascularized bone autografts].

The authors analyse the errors and the complications in the plasty of defects and false joints of the humerus with free vascularized bone autografts in 20 patients aged 8-50 with the period of duration of the disease from 6 months to 9 years. The size of the defect was 3-20 cm (15 patients). In 17 cases a fibular bone graft on a vascular pedicle was used. In 8 patients 14 various kinds of complications occurred in different combinations. Non-union of one of the ends of the graft was observed most frequently (4) due to faults of osteosynthesis. In all patients consolidation was achieved. In this type of complications the authors advise to make an early repeated intervention with the aim of shortening the duration of treatment and subsequent rehabilitation. They stress the perspective character and the validity of this method of plasty, especially in extensive defects in association with poor vascularization of the injured segment of the extremity. Accurate performance of all stages of the intervention and the surgeon's personal experience play an important role in prevention of errors and complications in employing microsurgical technique in the treatment of this category of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Prosthetic replacement due to giant-cell tumor in the proximal humerus. A case report.

A 45-year-old woman with an extensive giant-cell tumor of the right proximal humerus was treated by segmental resection and shoulder reconstruction. A Neer prosthesis and allogeneic bone grafts were used to reconstruct the shoulder joint. Autogeneic iliac bone was placed at the host-graft junction. The rotator cuff was reattached to the bone after making a semicircular trough. The long head of the biceps was reattached with stay sutures after making a trough between reattachments of the supraspinatus and the subscapularis. The patient regained almost full range of motion and excellent muscle power of the shoulder 60 months after operation. She did not have any difficulty with daily tasks of living. The prosthesis articulated with the glenoid well. There has been no evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Is a quantitatively exact prediction of expected birth weight possible using the sonographically determined parameters of biparietal diameter, thoracic diameter and length of the humerus? A prospective study of 285 pregnant patients].

Diagrams of bpd (biparietaldiameter), thorax-d and the length of the humerus have been made by single measurements in 285 pregnant women with exact gestational age and sonoanatomical parameters in the first trimenon. The expected individual birth weight at delivery was to be estimated by the degree of individual deviation from these three normal diagrams. There are statistically clear relations between all the three parameters and the factual birth weights if the delivery is around the normal date of delivery. However, the prediction is only a qualitative, not an exactly quantitative one. The bpd seems to be the best one because of its lowest degree of statistical deviations. An early diagnosis of small-for-gestational-age children, at least with these three parameters, remains uncertain, if not impossible. The average duration of pregnancy in our patients was not 280 days p.m., but less: (280) - 1.23 days p.m. in the group of statistically "purified" patients (i.e. premature newborn under 2,500 gr. and Caesarean-section newborn excluded) and (280) - 2.32 days in the group of statistically "not purified" patients.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1988

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children; a long-term follow-up study.

The late anatomical and functional results of the conservative treatment of supracondylar humerus fractures were retrospectively studied in 87 children. The average follow-up was 14.5 years; 59 percent of the patients were treated with overhead traction and 32 per cent with a plaster of Paris. The average hospitalization time was 17 days. Rereduction was necessary in 23 patients; 16 of them were primarily treated with overhead traction. The overall results according to Høyer's criteria were good to excellent in 83 per cent of all cases. These results were comparable with other series with long-term follow-up. Cubitus varus was the most common late complication. Incomplete reduction seems to be the most important cause of this complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unicameral bone cysts in the humerus and femur in the same child.

Although simple bone cysts in children have been described by many authors, there has been only one previous report of more than one lesion in a single patient. We describe an 11-year-old boy with symptoms caused by a cyst in the proximal femur. Following steroid injection of the cyst, a pathological fracture occurred and was treated by immobilization in a cast. A year later, a pathological fracture occurred through a cyst in the proximal humerus. This was treated in a sling. Steroid injection of both lesions was performed when the cystic areas persisted, and both cysts subsequently healed. This case demonstrates that simple bone cysts are not always solitary lesions and that patients with these cysts should be carefully monitored for recurrence following treatment.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1986

[Computer-assisted reconstruction of the distal end of the humerus].

Horizontal cross-sections of the distal humerus were introduced into a computer of assisted conception with one high resolution graphism. Images were reconstituted with several noticeable angles. Architectural characteristics of this complex osseous structure were noticed and the superimposition of the cross-sections by transparency could got the spindle shape of the medial pillar, more horizontal than the quadrangular and massive column of the lateral pillar. Informatic apparatus was a high technology one, anatomical applications are promising if the reconstructions are realized from precise and thinly systematically seriated cross-sections with a good knowledge of their morphological aspect. Informatic introduction is a heavy cost but irreplaceable mean of simulation with previously defined angles.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Brachial artery rupture following supracondylar fracture of the humerus.

Rupture of the brachial artery following a supracondylar fracture of the humerus is rare. The case histories of two children with this injury are reported. Both were treated by open reduction of the fracture, fixation with two Kirschner wires and decompression of the forearm muscles. In one (who also had a rupture of the median nerve) the brachial artery ends were ligated and in the second they were anastomosed by interposition of a reversed vein graft. The postoperative course was uneventful in both cases. On re-examination, more than a year after the injury, the child with the ligated brachial artery had minor cold intolerance and a decreased systolic arterial forearm blood pressure. The indications for brachial artery repair are briefly discussed.

Brachial Artery↗
PubMed1986

[Application of the Ilizarov technic in the lengthening of the humerus].

Lengthening of the humerus has been considered to be particularly risky because of the danger of neurological damage. The Ilizarov technique makes it possible to avoid complications. The authors have performed eight such lengthenings, with gains in length of 8 to 16 cms. Only one case was complicated by an ulnar and radial paralysis which recovered secondarily.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1985

Reconstruction of the proximal humerus with tibial autografts after resection of osteochondroma in adolescents.

In a series of five adolescents with osteochondroma of the proximal humerus, resection of the tumor was followed by reconstruction with an autogeneic tibial bone graft. The indications for resection were pain, progressive swelling, and functional impairment. Bone grafting was a precautionary measure against stress fractures caused by the resection of cortical bone surrounding the tumor tissues. On the basis of follow-up examinations with an average of 61 months, the procedure is evaluated as safe and effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ulnar nerve decompression by medial epicondylectomy of the humerus and a method of assessing muscle power status by totalling the muscle grading.

This paper advocates the principle of ulnar nerve decompression by medial epicondylectomy of the humerus in leprosy patients presenting with ulnar nerve neuritis and early muscle weakness of ulnar nerve supplied muscles. 16 medial epicondylectomies were done on 14 patients and a follow up showed relief of nerve tenderness and an improvement in the motor power status of the muscles as shown by total grading.

Adolescent↗