Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “GLYCOSURIA”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Induction of diabetes in animals by parenteral administration of ferric nitrilotriacetate. A model of experimental hemochromatosis.

Rats and rabbits parenterally treated with a large daily dose of ferric nitrilotriacetate manifested diabetic symptoms such as hypergycemia, glycosuria, ketonemia, and ketonuria after approximately 60 days fo treatment. The blood insulin response to oral glucose loading was poor. Heavy iron deposits were found in liver parenchymal cells and in pancreatic exocrine cells, although some iron was deposited in the macrophages and reticuloendothelial cells of the organs. Faint iron staining was found in some pancreatic islet cells, with a reduction in beta granules and weak zinc staining. Cirrhotic liver changes and skin pigment deposition were not observed. Repeated blood withdrawals from ferric-nitrilotriacetate-treated animals resulted in disappearance of hypergycmia, glycosuria, ketonemia, and ketonuria; disappearance of iron from the liver and pancreas; and restoration of islet beta granules to the control level.

Acetates↗
PubMed1985

[Acute interstitial nephritis and uveitis: a recently recognized syndrome].

The case is described of a 14-year-old boy who presented with a 6-week history of fatigue, severe weight loss (15 kg) and glycosuria. On admission he was in non-oliguric renal failure (serum creatinine 1360 mumol/l) with moderate proteinuria (1.3 g per 24 h), glycosuria (9.5 g per 24 h) and generalized aminoaciduria. Renal biopsy showed acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) with severe mononuclear cell infiltration. No etiology was found. The patient required hemodialysis (5 times) and responded dramatically to therapy with prednisone (initially 75 mg per day), which was discontinued after 2 months. He presented again 11 weeks after admission with iridocyclitis of the right eye, and 2 months later with the same condition in the left eye. Response to local application of steroids was slow. The association of AIN with uveitis has so far been reported in 12 other pediatric patients aged 10 to 16 years, and in one adult patient; 64% were female. Uveitis often recurred, in contrast to nephritis. The etiology of the syndrome is unknown, a transient defect in cell-mediated immunity being postulated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Screening for diabetes mellitus in leprosy patients with complicated ulcers.

All patients admitted to an ulcer ward in a leprosy hospital over the period of one year were screened for glycosuria. Out of 154 patients screened 4 showed glycosuria. These 4 patients had more severely complicated ulcers evidenced by their longer duration of admission. Early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes in leprosy patients with complicated ulcers is important.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Changes in circulating iodothyronines in diabetics with various degrees of metabolic control.

Plasma TSH, total and free T3 and T4, reverse T3, blood pH, HbAlc, ketonuria and glycosuria were evaluated in 8 subjects with diabetic ketoacidosis, in 54 diabetics of group 1 and group 2 without severe metabolic derangement and in 10 control women. The diabetics with ketoacidosis showed before intensive therapy low T3, total and free, and high reverse T3 concentrations as compared to controls (unpaired t-test, p less than 0.001). After one day of intensive therapy the decrease of hyperglycemia and pH increase (p less than 0.001, paired t-test), glycosuria and ketonuria are not related to significant variations of iodothyronines and TSH. The significant variations (paired t-test, p less than 0.001) in total and free T3 and in reverse T3 concentrations were found only six days after remission of ketoacidosis. In diabetics (type 1 and 2) without recent history of ketoacidosis no differences were found in mean total and free T3 and T4, in reverse T3 and in plasma concentrations although mean blood glucose and HbAlc were statistically different (t-test, p less than 0.001). The changes in serum T3 (total and free) and reverse T3 are useful indicators of total metabolic control during the management of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Difficulties in maintaining metabolic control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus during war].

In this study we analyzed the quality of metabolic control in 42 diabetic children aging 5-20 years (x 14 + 5.1) during the war 92/93 year. We estimated metabolic control in these patients by traditional methods: 24 hours glycaemia (every 3 months), 24 hours glycosuria and home monitoring of glycosuria (self-control 4 times daily) Glicolizated HbA1C and the other up to date laboratory findings we were not able to do in any of diabetics. Metabolic control in all analysed patients was unsatisfactory metabolic control only in 19.1% of diabetics. High level of blood glucose were influenced by in coordinated doses of human insulin and bad correlated food intake during the war. Long duration of hyperglycaemia would have high influence onto early development of microvascular complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Epidemiologic analysis of emergency conditions in the diabetic population as observed in the work of emergency medical services in the area of Novi Sad].

The authors analyzed a group of 236 diabetic patients in the municipality of Novi Sad who asked for the help of the Emergency medical service of the Health Center "Novi Sad". A special emergency team which manages vitally endangered patients acted on their requests. After anamnestic data were gathered and physical examination done, electrocardiographic monitoring was performed. Glycemia was determined from semiquantitative analysis of the capillary blood, while glycosuria and acetonuria from urine. In regard to these patients the gathered results point to predominant presence of chronic, degenerative complications, especially of the cardiovascular apparatus. However, this was the case due to the fact that these were elderly persons (62.78 +/- 12.21 years of age) suffering from diabetes mellitus for about 8 years, which is sufficient for development of chronic, degenerative complications of diabetes. Although the studied group was metabolically unregulated (glycemia: 18.13 +/- 5.43 mmol/l, glycosuria positive in 4.54%, acetonuria in 2.20% of patients) there were no elements for diagnosis of some acute metabolic complications. The decrease of acute metabolic complications may be connected to better organization of the antidiabetic service in the municipality of Novi Sad. It is especially important to point out the occurrence of serious hypoglycemias caused by oral hypoglycemics (64.28%) which require, according to contemporary approach, a long-term hospital treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Screening for diabetes within the scope of prenatal care].

9482 pregnant women searched for the Department of Prenatale Care of the town Karl-Marx-Stadt between 1968 and 1972. Obesity were found in 6, 2 p.c., glycosuria in 5, 1 p.c., a history of diabetes with glycosuria in 0,5 p.c. and obesity with gylcosuria in 0,5 p.c. The perinatale mortality rate was heightened only in the last group (3,7 p.c.) 51 prediabetic pregnant women were found in these five years by sugar screening. Eight women developed a White class A nad four women a White class B diabetes between 3 and 7 years later.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1963

Clinical use of the glucose disappearance rate.

An intravenous glucose tolerance test, coupled with a graphical or mathematical analysis, has been used in normal, diabetic, and glycosuric subjects, and patients suspected of having hypoglycemia. From the analysis, a single value, K, is derived which integrates the disappearance of the injected glucose. A significant difference was found between normals and known diabetics: this difference becomes even more distinct when the disappearance of the glucose load is measured as K1 or Increment Index, as opposed to decrease of the total blood glucose, K2 or Total Index. A 300-g. carbohydrate diet was shown to be important to the success of this test. More than 400 patients have been tested in the investigation of different disorders of glucose metabolism. Renal glycosuria was diagnosed in 35 patients. Rapid disappearance of the glucose load has been observed in 18 of 40 patients suspected of having hypoglycemia. Of 64 patients diagnosed in the hospital as previously unknown diabetics, 59 presented K1 values below the normal range.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1976

Tubulointerstitial and glomerular nephritis associated with rifampin. Report of a case.

In a patient with tuberculosis and acute renal failure related to administration of therapeutic rifampin, treatment was discontinued for five weeks. It was reinstituted three weeks later. Unlike other patients previously described, the expected adverse renal reaction occurred only gradually and without symptoms, although tubular and glomerular disease developed. Also unique was a striking deposition of immunoglobulin about the tubules. This finding, in association with interstitial nephritis and tubular glycosuria, is similar to an experimental autologous renal disease mediated by antibody to tubular basement membrane.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in children and young adults in the Province of Turin, Italy, 1984-91. Piedmont Study Group for Diabetes Epidemiology.

To document the incidence of IDDM in the Province of Turin (Italy) in the 8-year period 1984-91 in children (0-14 years) and young adults (15-29 years), in relation to age, sex, monthly-seasonal variability, calendar year and urban/rural area, (all newly diagnosed cases (502) were ascertained through primary and secondary data sources and completeness of ascertainment estimated with the two sample capture-recapture method (99% in childhood and 95% in young adults). The independent effect of age, sex, calendar year, and urban/rural area was estimated with a Poisson regression model. Age-specific incidence rates were 8.42/100,000 (95% CI 7.37-9.62) and 6.72/100,000 (95% CI 5.96-7.58), respectively, in the age groups 0-14 and 15-29 years. Sex differences were evident in young adults, with an almost 1.5-fold increased risk in men (8.37/100,000, 95% CI 7.21-9.71 vs 5.00/100,000, CI 4.09-6.10). Seasonal trend was evident in childhood. Predictors of incidence rates were age, place of residence and interaction between sex and age; no temporal trend was detected. No significant differences were found in the two age-groups with respect to glycaemia, glycosuria, ketonuria, and fasting C-peptide levels. In conclusion, this study shows sex differences in IDDM risk in young adults; 55% of incident cases occurring in young adults; an independent contribution of urban/rural differences to IDDM risk; no temporal trend in 1984-91; a seasonal pattern of incidence in children; no significant differences in clinical presentation between age groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A low renal threshold for glucose in diabetic patients with a mutation in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF-1alpha) gene.

One form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young, Type 3 (MODY3), results from mutations in the gene coding for hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF-1alpha), a transcription factor first described in the liver. MODY3 is characterized by a defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Earlier observations of glycosuria with normal blood glucose levels in some MODY families suggest an additional renal manifestation of the respective genetic defect. We measured the renal threshold for glucose in five diabetic carriers of a missense mutation (Arg 272 His) in HNF-1alpha and, for comparison, in eight Type 1 diabetic patients, applying a non-invasive protocol of frequent parallel blood and urine sampling during a slow shift in blood glucose levels. We found that the mean renal threshold for glucose was lowered in the HNF-1alpha diabetic patients compared to those with Type 1 diabetes (6.5 +/- 0.9 mmol l(-1) vs 10.7 +/- 0.5 mmol l(-1); p < 0.01). This lowered glucose threshold might be an indication of an extra-pancreatic effect of HNF-1alpha gene mutations in humans. Defects in HNF-1alpha may lead to an altered tubular glucose reabsorption, possibly due to decreased expression of the renal glucose transporter proteins involved in reabsorption of glucose from the urine.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Hyperosmolar diabetes presenting as acute urinary retention: report of three cases.

Three elderly patients presented at one hospital in a 2-week period with acute urinary retention precipitated by the hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic state. In each case routine urine testing was reported as showing 1 per cent glycosuria. The first two patients were admitted at night and blood glucose estimations were not done. This led to a delay of 16 and 12 h respectively before the appropriate therapy was instituted. It is suggested that this clinical presentation, previously unreported, may not be a rarity and represents an avoidable cause of death in patients with acute urinary retention.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Reversible tubular dysfunction that mimicked Fanconi's syndrome in a patient with anorexia nervosa.

Patients with anorexia nervosa exhibit acid-base and electrolyte disturbances. Hypophosphatemia is commonly found in these patients during nutritional recovery. However, marked, possibly, life-threatening hypophosphatemia associated with proximal tubular dysfunction has not been previously described. We report a case of anorexia nervosa complicated by a nonacidotic proximal tubulopathy, which was manifested by renal glycosuria, as well as inappropriate phosphaturia and uricosuria resulting in hypophosphatemia and hypouricemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Phlorizin binding to renal outer cortical brush-border membranes of cadmium-injected rabbits.

The effect of cadmium injection on the high-affinity phlorizin binding to renal outer cortical brush-border membranes was studied in rabbits. Animals received subcutaneous injections of CdCl2 at a dose of 3 mg Cd/kg.day for about 3 weeks. Brush-border membranes were isolated from renal outer cortex by Percoll gradient centrifugation and magnesium precipitation. Cadmium injection resulted in a marked increase in membrane cadmium content and decrease in Na(+)-dependent phlorizin binding. The latter effect was attributed to a reduction in the number of binding sites (N0) and not to changes in the dissociation constant (Kd). Similar results were observed in normal membrane vesicles directly exposed to cadmium in vitro. These results suggest that one mechanism of the cadmium-induced glycosuria is a loss of active Na(+)-glucose cotransport carrier in the proximal tubular brush-border membrane by direct interaction with free cadmium.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The effects of a high fat diet on chronic streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

The effects of a high fat diet (30% (w/w) corn oil) on chronic streptozotocin-diabetic rats were investigated at the whole body level and at the enzyme level. The diet caused significant decreases in the extent of polydipsia (66% decrease), polyphagia (49%), polyuria (67%) and glycosuria (70%). The activities of selected hepatic enzymes from the glycolytic, gluconeogenic, ureogenic and lipogenic clusters were determined. The fat diet caused significant decreases (range: 47 to 54%) in the activity of the ureogenic enzymes carbamyl phosphate synthetase, ornithine transcarbamylase and arginase; had no effect on the glycolytic enzymes glucokinase, hexokinase and pyruvate kinase; partially decreased the diabetes-induced elevated activities of the gluconeogenic enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (63% decrease), serine dehydratase (90%), alanine aminotransferase (31%) and aspartate aminotransferase (65%), and partially reversed the activity of one lipogenic enzyme, ATP citrate lyase.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Attenuation of streptozotocin diabetes with superoxide dismutase-like copper(II)(3,5-diisopropylsalicylate)2 in the rat.

Experimental diabetes can be produced by agents with specific toxicity for pancreatic islet B cells. This effect has been reported to be modified both in vitro and in vivo by various radical scavengers including the enzyme superoxide dismutase. Copper(II)(3,5-diisopropylsalicylate)2 is lipophilic and possesses superoxide dismutase bioactivity. Prior administration of this compound to male rats appeared to attenuate the severity of streptozotocin-induced diabetes as assessed by glycosuria and glucose tolerance. Diisopropylsalicylate, which has no superoxide dismutase activity, did not alter the severity of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Rats treated with the copper complex, with streptozotocin or with a combination of the two agents gained 50% less weight than untreated controls, or rats treated with diisopropylsalicylate. The attenuation of diabetes by the copper-complex may represent partial protection of the B cells against streptozotocin damage, although an extrapancreatic, toxic effect cannot be ruled out.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Modification of glycosylated haemoglobin concentration during artificial endocrine pancreas treatment of diabetics. Evidence for a short-term effect on HbA 1 (a+b+c) levels.

In order to verify whether or not insulin-induced blood glucose control can acutely lower glycosylated haemoglobin levels, HbAI (a+b+c) (HbAI) was measured in 11 diabetics before, during and after 3 days of treatment with an "artificial endocrine pancreas" (Biostator). Initially 5 patients were in fair glycaemic control (group A), while the other 6 showed poor control (group B). HbAI levels decreased significantly after 3 days in both groups A (from 9.6 +/- 0.2% to 8.5 +/- 0.3%, mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.05) and B (from 13.7 +/- 0.2% to 12.6 +/- 0.3%, p less than 0.05). A further HbAI decrease was observed until day 60 following Biostator treatment, during which period glycaemic control improved, as assessed by fasting and post-lunch plasma glucose values and daily glycosuria determined every 10 days. These results suggest that increased HbAI levels may be reversed early by strict blood glucose control during a 3 day period. It is concluded that HbAI levels not only reflect long-term glycaemic control, but also recent acute variations in mean blood glucose values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical characterisation of para-aminophenol-induced nephrotoxic lesions in the F344 rat.

The acute biochemical effects of the nephrotoxin p-aminophenol (PAP) were studied in detail using a combination of conventional bioanalytical and 1H-NMR spectroscopic methods. Dosing PAP (25-100 mg/kg) to male F344 rats resulted in a dose-related proximal nephropathy with consequent elevations in urinary enzymes, glucose, and urine total protein as shown by conventional methodology. 1H-NMR spectroscopy at 400 MHz of urine from PAP-treated rats also revealed a characteristic glycosuria, with concomitant amino aciduria. The increased excretion of these compounds indicates functional defects in the proximal tubule and reduced solute reabsorption efficiency. In addition, 1H-NMR urinalysis and conventional enzymatic analysis showed a dose-related lactic aciduria. Other changes detected by 1H-NMR included a dose-related reduction in the excretion of citrate (confirmed by a conventional biochemical method) and an increase in the excretion of acetate. The degree of abnormalities shown by 1H-NMR urinalysis agreed well with histopathological observations and conventional biochemical indices of nephrotoxicity. 1H-NMR urinalysis therefore serves to highlight changes in the excretion of low MW urine components not routinely studied by conventional biochemical analysis.

Amino Acids↗