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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Arthrography of the dislocated elbow joint.

Arthrography has been suggested as a useful tool for diagnosing ligament ruptures. In 14 consecutive patients with non-fractured elbow dislocations arthrography was performed after reduction of the dislocation. One or two days following arthrography all elbows were examined under general anesthesia with regard to stability and half of them were randomized for surgery with exploration and suture of both the ulnar and the radial collateral ligaments. Arthrography, even if performed within 24 hours after the injury, was found to be unreliable in diagnosing ligament injuries after elbow dislocation. Leakage of the contrast medium was more or less limited to the site of the major injury, which in the dorsal and dorso-radial dislocation was a rupture of the volar aspect of the capsule and the ulnar side of the joint in the radial dislocation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The effect of radial head fracture size on elbow kinematics and stability.

This study determined the effect of radial head fracture size and ligament injury on elbow kinematics. Eight cadaveric upper extremities were studied in an in vitro elbow simulator. Testing was performed with ligaments intact, with the medial collateral (MCL) or lateral collateral (LCL) ligament detached, and with both the MCL and LCL detached. Thirty degree wedges were sequentially removed from the anterolateral radial head up to 120 degrees . Valgus angulation and external rotation of the ulna relative to the humerus were determined for passive motion, active motion, and pivot shift testing with the arm in a vertical (dependent) orientation. Maximum varus-valgus laxity was calculated from measurements of varus and valgus angulation with the arm in horizontal gravity-loaded positions. No effect of increasing radial head fracture size was observed on valgus angulation during passive and active motion in the dependent position. In supination, external rotation increased with increasing fracture size during passive motion with LCL deficiency and both MCL and LCL deficiency. With intact ligaments, maximum varus-valgus laxity increased with increasing radial head fracture size. With ligament disruption, elbows were grossly unstable, and no effect of increasing radial head fracture size occurred. During pivot shift testing, performed with the ligaments intact, subtle instability was noted after resection of one-third of the radial head. In this in vitro biomechanical study, small subtle effects of radial head fracture size on elbow kinematics and stability were seen in both the ligament intact and ligament deficient elbows. These data suggest that fixation of displaced radial head fractures less than or equal to one-third of the articular diameter may have some biomechanical advantages; however, clinical correlation is required.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Fractures and sprains.

Everyone knows that some fractures in children have a great capacity for remodeling and require minimal care. Likewise, everyone knows that some growth-plate injuries have great potential for disaster. The skill comes in knowing which is which.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed2000

Acute ulnar nerve compression syndrome in a powerlifter with triceps tendon rupture--a case report.

We report on the case of a bodybuilder and powerlifter who suffered from triceps tendon rupture complicated by acute ulnar nerve compression syndrome. The diagnosis was made clinically, radiologically, and sonographically. Ultrasound was helpful to demonstrate a large hematoma at the site of the injury. Early surgical intervention confirmed the presence of the hematoma compressing the ulnar nerve and led to a complete restoration of ulnar nerve and triceps muscle function. Few reports on distal triceps rupture have been published but its complication by acute ulnar nerve compression has not been reported on yet despite the close anatomical relationship of both structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Ultrasound of extremity lesions caused by birth trauma].

With regard to injuries of the extremities caused by birth trauma, ultrasound allows simultaneous direct evaluation of the surface of osseous elements and of cartilaginous and soft-tissue structures as well. Thus, not only fractures, but also concomitant articular fluid collections, respectively haematomas and/or dislocation of an epiphysis are demonstrated in their initial extent and in their course of healing. Additionally, closed repositions, for instance of a displaced epiphysis, can be exactly monitored by ultrasound. A reduced number of roentgenograms as well as renunciation of other imaging modalities are the consequence. Own experiences in 4 patients with birth trauma to the humerus confirm the high validity of ultrasound in this area as well.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed2003

Gunshots to the hand and upper extremity.

Gunshot injuries to the hand and upper extremity have been studied during military conflicts and in urban settings. Treatment concepts include identification of injured structures, aggressive surgical wound care, and reconstruction of important functional structures. There are various types of missile injuries. For simplicity, low-energy injuries imply limited damage, and require only conservative approaches. High-energy injuries are complicated by significant tissue destruction, rehabilitation dilemmas, and uncertain outcomes. The surgeon must recognize the anatomic complexity of the hand and proceed with caution. Most gunshot injuries to the hand involve a combination of tissue types. Bone injury is dramatic and is seen radiographically. However, injury to the soft tissue including skin, tendon, blood vessel, and nerve also must be appreciated. Individually, the tissues have varied function and properties of healing. Therefore, the challenge is to prioritize the injury, select an aggressive surgical approach, and integrate a suitable rehabilitation plan.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2002

Isolated posttraumatic posterior dislocation of the radial head in an adult.

Isolated posterior dislocation of the radial head without concomitant ulnar fracture or humeroulnar subluxation is a rare injury with few reports in the literature. We describe a case of a 27-year-old man who sustained a traction injury to the right elbow and crush injury to the forearm with subsequent posterior dislocation of the radial head. The dislocation was treated by manual reduction under anesthesia, surgical repair of the annular ligament, and subsequent rehabilitation for 6 weeks in a range-of-motion brace with the forearm in pronation. To our knowledge, this is the only case to be treated this way. Our patient reports excellent range of motion and strength 3 years after surgery.

Accidents, Occupational↗