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The right to vote and voting patterns of hospitalized psychiatric patients.

Hospitalized psychiatric patients have traditionally been denied their right to vote. This right was restored in 1972 when the Queens Board of Elections established a registration and polling site on the Creedmore Hospital grounds. A patient education program stimulated interest in current affairs and facilitated informed voting. Gross analysis of patient-voting patterns showed no significant difference from the community at large. However, deeper analysis suggests that the patient vote was independent of the borough of residence, tending to be more Democratic-Liberal and less Republican-Conservative. Furthermore, the patient vote was seen to reflect thoughfulness and awareness of relevant self-interest.

Attitude↗

Minor psychiatric morbidity in employed young men and women and its contribution to sickness absence.

An epidemiological survey of male and female executive officers in the Civil Service showed a prevalence of 33% of minor psychiatric disorders. Follow up one year later found that only half were better. The presence of minor psychiatric disorder was associated with increased rates of sickness absence, particularly certified absence. Such a high prevalence, associated as it is with handicap to the individual and consequences for the working environment, indicates the need for early medical detection and treatment.

Absenteeism↗

Stages in the recognition of epidemic pellagra in the United States: 1865-1960.

Recognition of the U.S. pellagra "epidemic" in the early part of this century occurred in stages. The recognition process distorted impressions of magnitude, rate of spread, and virulence. Unrecognized cases: Endemic pellagra developed from dietary deficiencies after the Civil War. Initially, cases were misdiagnosed as other more traditional disorders. Tradition and authority inhibited recognition. Recognition of severe cases: Beginning in 1907, outbreaks were reported in asylums. Existing severe cases came rapidly to medical attention, inflating the apparent rate of spread. Recognized cases had a fulminant course and a high case fatality. Expanded spectrum: Milder cases were increasingly recognized, leading to an exaggerated rate of increase in number of cases and a decrease in case fatality and apparent virulence. Greater sensitivity resulted largely from a shift in diagnostic thresholds, with loss of specificity and increase in false positive diagnoses. Standardization of diagnosis: Although no suitable diagnostic marker test was developed, diagnosis was ultimately standardized by development of a workable case definition and by assessment of response to an effective therapy (nicotinic acid) applied to presumptive cases.

Disease Outbreaks↗

Mind games.

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Civil Rights↗