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PubMed1991

Red cell shape in AIDS.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Changes in diacylglycerol labeling, cell shape, and protein phosphorylation distinguish "triggering" from "activation" of human neutrophils.

Upon activation neutrophils release reactive oxygen intermediates such as superoxide anion (O2-) which are potent mediators of inflammation. Various agents elicit different responses; N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP) (0.1 microM) provokes brisk generation of superoxide anion; leukotriene B4 (LTB4, 0.1 microM) is a poor stimulus. In contrast, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, 1.6 microM) acting directly via protein kinase C is a potent stimulus for O2-. We compared the kinetics of appearance of various "second messengers" with the capacity of these ligands to elicit O2- generation. Kinetic analysis showed a two-phase response to membrane ligands; both an "early" (less than or equal to 15 s) and a "late" (greater than 15 s) increase in [3H]- and [14C]diacylglycerol (DG) was noted in response to fMLP. In contrast, LTB4 elicited only a rapid early increase in DG. The rise in DG evoked by PMA was late. Cytochalasin B increased the late phase of DG labeling elicited by all agonists. Moreover, comparison of increases in [3H]DG versus those of [14C]DG at early and late time points suggested that DG was not formed exclusively from the hydrolysis of polyphosphoinositides. Early increments of DG were also accompanied by addition of plasma membrane (ultrastructural morphometry); the ratio of surface perimeter to area increased rapidly (10 s) and persisted (60 s) in response to fMLP. Increments were more gradual in response to PMA. Kinetic analysis of protein phosphorylation was compared to the early and late increments of DG labeling. A 47,000 Mr protein was phosphorylated with kinetics consistent with the production of O2- and DG in response to fMLP (early and late) and PMA (late). In contrast, LTB4 provoked only early phosphorylation of this protein. The temporal pattern of the formation of diacylglycerol and the phosphorylation of proteins describe a dual signal. The data suggest that neutrophils require not only "triggering" (the rapid generation of a signal) but also "activation" (the maintenance of a signal) to sustain responses.

Diglycerides↗
PubMed1987

[Primary pulmonary sarcoma with spindle-shaped cells. Apropos of a case].

Primary pulmonary sarcoma is a very rare malignant tumour. The authors report a case of a fusiform cell sarcoma simulating a pulmonary metastasis in a woman who previously had a mammary carcinoma. Lymph node invasion is rare. The nature of the tumour was confirmed by histology and aided by immunochemistry or electron microscopy. The primary origin of the tumour can only be confirmed after negative results from careful examination of the marrow, the gastro-intestinal tract, the genito-urinary system and above all the uterus. The prognosis depends on the size of the tumour and the mitotic score. Surgery is the only curative treatment.

Breast Neoplasms↗