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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Basic research in endoscopy.

Endoscopic research includes Technologic Development, Facilitated Research in which endoscopy may simply be a means to an end (such as to gauge a response to a pharmacologic agent or obtain tissue which is used for genetic analysis); Translational Research which can be defined as the clinical evaluation of endoscopic techniques or technology as well as the delivery of basic science innovations to patients endoscopically; and Outcomes Research. Defining the barriers to endoscopic research is much more important than the distinction of whether the research is basic or clinical. These barriers are multifactorial and include inadequate infrastructure and training and lack of both funding and protected time at the divisional level. Governmental, GI Societal, and industry financial support will all be required as will training programme revisions. The latter may include training in areas such as outcomes, physics, or biomedical engineering; and should also entail a formal mentoring process, "seed money" early in the investigator's career and protected time.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗
PubMed2001

Minimizing hazardous exposures in the healthcare environment.

Consider the following scenarios: A central processing employee suffers eye and respiratory irritation from exposure to a glutaraldehyde solution while cleaning an endoscope. Biomedical engineering personnel contact blood and other body fluids while repairing contaminated dialysis units. A food service employee contracts TB while serving meals within a TB-isolation ward. These are all examples of exposures to hazards in a hospital. What do they have in common? They could have easily been prevented. Hazards exist almost everywhere in a hospital. In a typical workday, a healthcare worker (HCW) may circulate to many different hospital locations, encountering numerous hazards--some familiar and some not. Thus, it's important that every HCW is aware of potential exposures, has access to relevant information, and is trained on protective equipment so that the risk of an adverse exposure may be greatly reduced. This article is directed toward the hospital employee. While not an all-inclusive, step-by-step guide to the hazards found within a particular department, this article is meant to raise awareness. It contains basic information on hazards, the consequences of exposure, and ways in which HCWs can protect themselves as well as patients and visitors. This information is presented to help educate both new and existing staff and to prevent unnecessary exposures.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed2001

[The technical method for noninvasive magnetic stimulation of nerve center and its clinical application].

The increasing use of non-invasive magnetic stimulation technique for nerve center function examination and functional neuromuscular rehabilitation is a new cynosure in biomedical engineering and neuro-electrophysiologic researches. This paper analyzes theoretically the magnetic stimulation of first demonstration extending the technique model to human body, and the magnetic principle of physics. The characteristics of magnetic stimulation can be highlighted by comparing it to conventional electrical stimulation. Also presented are the peripheral multichannel magnetic stimulation to mimic electrical stimulation and the clinical functions toward neuromuscular rehabilitation.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMed1975

The neurological examination: advancements in its quantification.

For the past decade, our group of neurologists, biomedical engineers and statisticians has developed objective tests to quantify apropos neurological functions (cognition, strength, steadiness, reactions, speed, coordination, sensations, fatigue, gait, station and selected skills of daily living). Instrumented tests have been extensively evaluated and used in several randomized double-blind trials in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Our long-term goal is to bring to clinical neurology a type of quantification of the nervous system which does not exist. In this report, a brief overview of test development, personnel training, test administration and selected situations for using the clinical quantitative neurological examination (CQNE) are discussed. In addition, 57 tests are illustrated and described.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

[Study on a new type of endoscope based on micro motor].

The application of Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) on the fields of biomedical engineering is a newly technological field. Applying a micro motor, whose diameter is only 2 mm, as driving device of this system, this paper presented a new type of medical endoscope whose front tip of diagnosing tube could work automatically.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed2002

Mirandola: Italy's biomedical valley.

Revenues of the vibrant medical device sector in Mirandola grew by 28% between 1997 and 2000 and figures are expected to show an increase of 10.5% for 2001. This article explores the dynamics of the region.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[INTERNET AIDS FOR THE GASTROENTEROLOGIST]

The medical Internet is growing in paralell with the online information explotion. The aim of this study is to identify the online resources available to gastroenterologists, both in English and Spanish on the Internet.We searched the internet using the following resources: general and medical search engines, biomedical databases, books and listservs.We included for analisis the websites that fulfilled the following criteria: content, autorship, attribution, currency and disclosure.We identified 46 websites in Spanish and 104 in English that met the inclussion criteria. We further categorized these sites into six categories: digestive diseases search resources, professionals organizations, academic department sites, sites with focused areas of interest to gastroenterologists, on line journals and discussion groups (listservs).A variety of very useful web sites related to digestive diseases exist on the Internet, and their numbers are growing. Many of these sites have valuable information that can be used to improve patient care, promote medical education, and facilitate research. The Internet represents a useful source of information of increasing utility for daily gastroenterologic practice.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

A new foam for support of the physically handicapped.

This article is intended to inform professionals in the fields of rehabilitation medicine and biomedical engineering of some of the more significant properities of Temper Foam, a new foam for support of the physically handicapped. The unique properties of this foam are explained in terms of its microstructure, illustrated by scanning electron micrographs and by mechanical tests using an Instron Materials Testing machine. Fourteen non-ambulatory patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy are using this foam in custom-fitted contoured support systems. Normally, these children show increasing signs of discomfort and skin breakdown due to their inability to alternate areas of weight bearing and high local pressure such as the ischial tuberosities. In our support systems lined with Temper Foam these problems have completely dissappeared. We find that Temper Foam types T-36, T-38 and -41 are ideally suited for patients weighing up to 35 kg. T-41 may be used for patients weighing up to 70 kg.

Bedding and Linens↗
PubMed1998

[The method and development of computer-assisted surgery].

The methodology and the state of the art of Computer-Assisted Surgery (CAS) are introduced in this paper. Computer-assisted surgery is a new high technology which uses computer science, biomedical engineering, mechanism, mathematics, surgery, and so on. Its objective is to help surgeons use multimodal data, such as CT, MRI, DSA, PET, et al. in a rational and quantitative way in order to plan and perform medical intervention. Stereotactic localization method and registration are two cruxes in computer-assisted surgery. There are several methods for localization and registration. In recent ten years, computer-assisted surgery has been a cynosure of scientists. Some computer-assisted surgery systems have been used in clinical practice.

General Surgery↗
PubMed2003

[A biomechanical model for simulating the deformation of a leukocyte adhered to the surface of a blood vessel under steady shear flow].

The adhesion of leukocytes to substrate is an important biomedical engineering problem and has drawn extensive research. In this study, we have proposed a compound drop model to simulate a leukocyte with a nucleus adhered to the surface of a blood vessel under steady shear flow. A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is conducted to determine the local distribution of pressure on the surface of the adherent model cell. By introducing the parameter of deformation index (DI), we have investigated the deformation of the model cell and it's nucleus under controlled conditions. Our numerical results show that: (1) the model cell is capable of deformation with the increase of initial contact angle, capillary number, and Reynolds number, and that the cytoplasm is more deformable while the nucleus is more capable of resisting external imposed shear flow; (2) the model cell is not able to deform infinitely with the increase of external shear flow because the deformation index reaches a maximum; (3) pressure distribution confirms that there exists a region downstream of the cell, which produces high pressure to retard continuous deformation and provide a positive lift force on the cell. Our results of nucleus deformation may help to develop a better understanding of how leukocytes transduce external mechanical signal like shear stress into nucleus.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A tale of two CRs: hospital conducts side-by-side test.

While we elected to install a digital radiography system in the busiest exam room in emergency room (ER) suite at our 535-bed hospital, we selected computed radiography as the primary platform for digital capture throughout the facility because of its flexibility, productivity and cost-effectiveness. We now use CR systems to handle six exam rooms and portable exams conducted by the radiology department, as well as imaging studies conducted in two ER exam rooms. Before committing to a CR vendor, we conducted an eight-week, side-by-side pilot study with two vendors' systems. One CR system was located in the emergency room and the other unit was located in the main radiology department. Our staff received education and training from both vendors. I led an evaluation team that included representatives from the radiology group, the information services (IS) department, biomedical engineering, staff physicians, ER physicians, pulmonologists and orthopedic specialists. Our team met to design the trial and develop a list of factors that technologists would use to evaluate the two systems. The team met after installation and again after the trial was complete to provide verbal input on each vendor for each category and to review feedback from the technologists' survey. Categories included image quality, interactions with each vendor's sales and service staff, workflow, time studies, durability of cassettes and plates, entry of John Doe patients for ER, and other factors. After the trial, we chose a system by unanimous vote. We learned a lot about CR technology throughout this process. Overall we are extremely satisfied with the platform we selected and with this method of evaluating the two systems prior to making this important decision.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed2003

[A microcomputerized pulsed water-sac massage with drug penetration instrument for treatment of male patients with immunity infertility accompanied by chronic seminal vesiculitis].

This article describes the development of an innovative microcomputerized pulse-water-sac massage with drug penetration instrument and reports its effectiveness in the patients with immunity infertility accompanied by chronic seminal vesiculitis. The instrument was developed on the basis of the pathological characteristics of immunity infertility accompanied by chronic seminal vesiculitis, and along the lines of our practice in integrating the modern theory of traditional Chinese medicine, with multiple techniques of biomedical engineering sciences. 181 male patients with immunity infertility accompanied by chronic seminal vesiculitis received the treatment. Of these cases, 135(74.6%) were cured, 37(20.4%) were treated with significant therapeutic effects and 9(5.0%) with improved effects. The results of antisperm antibody (AsAb) tests became negative in 85.6% of the patients after treatment, and the pregnancy rate of their wives was 49.1%. No mild adverse effects were observed in all cases.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2004

North American neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) devices: 2002 survey results.

In mid 2002, surveys of active extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) centers in the United States and Canada were conducted via E-mail regarding neonatal equipment and personnel. Seventy-four out of 99 (75%) North American ECMO centers listed in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) directory responded to the survey. Of the responding centers, 95% use roller pumps, and the remaining 5% use centrifugal pumps. Silicone membrane oxygenators were used by 97% of the respondents, while 3% used hollow fiber oxygenators. Of the silicone membrane oxygenator users, 82% used the Medtronic ECMOtherm heat exchanger, 15% used a Gish heat exchanger, and 3% used the Dideco D720 heat exchanger. Sixty-one percent of the responding centers used some form of in-line blood gas monitoring. Five percent of the centers used a bubble trap in the arterial line, and 12% used an arterial line filter. A bladder was used by 92% of the centers, and 29% used a mechanical bladder box for servo regulation, the remaining 71% used pressure servo regulation. An air bubble detector was used by 65% of the responding centers, although 81% had the device available. Heparin coating was used by 5% of the centers on all their neonatal ECMO patients. The average low range ACT was 183 seconds, and the average high range ACT was 216 seconds. At 49% of the responding centers, perfusionists were involved with the ECMO program, registered nurses were involved at 84% of the centers, and respiratory therapists were involved at 61% of the centers, perfusion assistants were involved at one center (1%), and biomedical engineers were involved at one of the centers. When compared to a 1990 survey, a shift away from using bladder boxes and toward using air bubble detectors is apparent. But other than those two shifts, ECMO is done in much the same manner as it was done 12 years ago.

Anticoagulants↗