SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “multimodality”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Enantiomeric resolution of a series of chiral sulfoxides by high-performance liquid chromatography on polysaccharide-based columns with multimodal elution.

The enantiomeric resolution of a series of 20 asymmetric sulfoxides was systematically investigated by HPLC using multimodal elution with amylose trisR(S)-1-phenylethylcarbamate], amylose tris(3,5-dimethoxyphenylcarbamate) and amylose and cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) phases. The sulfoxide series was composed of aromatic, olefinic and ketosulfoxides, sulfinyl acids and esters. This work has shown that enantioselectivity and enantioresolution of the polysaccharide-based columns can be achieved by changing the type and composition of the mobile phase, widening the applicability of these chiral phases.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed2000

Determination of vitamin B12 in multivitamin tablets by multimode high-performance liquid chromatography.

Quantitative determination of vitamin B12 in B-complex tablets was performed by using multimode high-performance liquid chromatography. The multivitamin tablets (B1, B6 and B12) were sonicated for 30 min in methanol-water (50:50, v/v) and diluted to appropriated volume with the same solvent. The resulting solution was filtered and the filtrate was analysed on a phenylpropanolamine bonded silica column (15 cm x 4.6 mm I.D., 5 microm). The optimized mobile phase was 30 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.00) containing 6% (v/v) acetonitrile at a flow-rate of 1 ml min(-1) and the detection was measured at 361 nm. The calibration graph prepared using standards was linear from 0.05 to 0.25 microg. The determination limit was 25 ng, the relative standard deviation was 0.47% and recovery from tablet solution was 100%. An analysis was completed in 5 min. The new method is simple, rapid and precise.

Calibration↗

PubMed1981

Three-year multimodality treatment study of 100 hyperactive boys.

We conducted a prospective study of 100 hyperactive boys admitted to a multimodality treatment program. After a comprehensive evaluation, an individualized psychotherapy plan commensurate with the child's disabilities was developed. In addition to medication, each child was enrolled in one or more indicated psychotherapeutic modalities. Since approximately 50% of our patients dropped out of treatment, groups receiving less and more treatment were compared on outcome measures. At three-year follow-up the group receiving more treatment was found to be further ahead educationally, to demonstrate less antisocial behavior, to be more attentive (as rated by their teachers), to have better adjustment at school and at home (as reported by their parents), and to be more globally improved (as rated by psychiatrists and by parents) than children in the group receiving less treatment. Outcome for the group receiving more treatment was found also to be unusually good as compared to that in other studies of hyperactive children treated for varying lengths of time and evaluated after one to five years.

Achievement↗

PubMed1982

Multimodal treatment of advanced adult Wilms tumor.

We report 2 cases of advanced adult Wilms tumor that were treated with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The first patient had relapse of a Wilms tumor in the liver 2 years after nephrectomy. Combination chemotherapy, consisting of actinomycin D and vincristine, radiation therapy and final resection of the liver metastasis were successful and the patient has been free of disease for 4 years. The second patient had undergone transcatheter embolization of the renal artery elsewhere with the tentative diagnosis of an inoperable renal cell carcinoma metastatic to both lungs. A left renal tumor, weighing 4,500 gm., and a tumor thrombus in the vena cava extending to the right atrium were removed, and histologically diagnosed as a Wilms tumor. Subsequent chemotherapy and radiotherapy resulted in complete disappearance of the lung metastases. We conclude that multimodal treatment, namely a well timed combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, could potentially eradicate the disease even at an advanced stage.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Saccadic reaction times: a statistical analysis of multimodal distributions.

The distributions of saccadic reaction times (SRT) often deviate from unimodal normal distributions. An excess-mass procedure was used to detect peaks in 963 data sets containing 90,927 reaction times from 170 subjects. About 55% showed one, 30% two, 12% three and 3% four peaks. According to their clustering along the reaction time scale the modes could be classified into express (90-120 msec), fast regular (135-170 msec) and slow regular (200-220 msec) modes. Among the unimodal distributions 29% had peaks in the range of the express mode and 46% had peaks in the range of the fast regular mode. Therefore, 87% of the data sets support the notion of saccadic reaction time distributions being the superposition of three modes. All experimental distributions were fitted by as many gamma distributions as determined by the excess-mass test. The significance of the multimodality for saccade generation processes is discussed.

Fixation, Ocular↗

PubMed2006

High-throughput measurements of biochemical responses using the plate::vision multimode 96 minilens array reader.

The plate::vision is a high-throughput multimode reader capable of reading absorbance, fluorescence, fluorescence polarization, time-resolved fluorescence, and luminescence. Its performance has been shown to be quite comparable with other readers. When the reader is integrated into the plate::explorer, an ultrahigh-throughput screening system with event-driven software and parallel plate-handling devices, it becomes possible to run complicated assays with kinetic readouts in high-density microtiter plate formats for high-throughput screening. For the past 5 years, we have used the plate::vision and the plate::explorer to run screens and have generated more than 30 million data points. Their throughput, performance, and robustness have speeded up our drug discovery process greatly.

Absorption↗

PubMed2001

Primum non nocere: Multimodality management strategies when multiple mass lesions strike a single patient.

BACKGROUND: The management of multiple symptomatic intracranial pathological processes in a single patient presents a rare and challenging problem for the neurosurgeon and the patient. Neurosurgeons must utilize a full spectrum of neurosurgical options to achieve the best patient outcome. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a unique case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with a large convexity meningioma causing headaches, an acoustic neuroma causing deafness and imbalance and a suprasellar arachnoid cyst compromising the visual fields. Therapeutic intervention was staged based on the primum non nocere concept. First, the patient underwent stereotactic intracavitary cyst irradiation using colloidal 32P. Secondly, microsurgical resection of the convexity meningioma was performed. Finally, Gamma Knife radiosurgery of the acoustic neuroma was performed. One year after multimodality management, the patient was neurologically improved. There was no evidence of meningioma or cyst recurrence and the growth of the acoustic neuroma was arrested. CONCLUSION: This case demonstrates the value of multi-modality treatment of neurosurgical pathology, utilizing minimally invasive techniques when possible.

Arachnoid Cysts↗

PubMed1998

Efficacy of multimodality therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: The integration of systemic biologic response modifier (BRM) therapy and surgery to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an evolving approach. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of this form of multimodality therapy in patients with metastatic RCC. METHODS: Between 1988 and 1996, 14 patients at our institution underwent initial BRM therapy followed by surgical resection of primary and metastatic RCC lesions. Patient records were reviewed to determine the response to BRM therapy, progression-free survival rate, and overall survival rate. The mean follow-up for the entire group was 43.5 months. RESULTS: After BRM therapy, 9 patients manifested an objective response and 5 patients had stable disease. All patients were then rendered disease-free by surgical excision of residual or recurrent metastatic lesions and the primary tumor. The cancer-specific survival rate at 3 years was 81.5%. Currently, 7 patients are alive and disease-free (mean follow-up 41.4 months), 3 patients are alive with recurrent disease (mean survival 48.3 months), 3 patients died of metastatic disease (mean survival 27.9 months), and 1 patient died of an unrelated cause 54.4 months after therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that adjunctive surgery after BRM therapy can extend the survival of selected patients with metastatic RCC. Aggressive surgical resection of stable or responding lesions after BRM therapy should be considered in the management of these patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Bladder-sparing multimodality treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a five-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the long-term results of a bladder-sparing approach in the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. METHODS: Ninety-four patients with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were treated by transurethral resection followed by 2 or 3 cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Patients were then treated with 6480 cGy of radiation in 49 patients, segmental cystectomy in 8, or surveillance only in 7. Patients who failed to respond to chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or who developed recurrent muscle-invasive disease in follow-up, underwent salvage cystectomy. Patients were then carefully followed for a median follow-up of more than 5 years. RESULTS: After initial therapy, 53 patients (56%) were alive with their bladder preserved. Thirty of those 53 (57%) developed a local recurrence in follow-up. After a median follow-up of more than 5 years, the ultimate relapse-free survival is 49% (Stage T2, 84%; T3, 53%; and T4, 11%; P < 0.01). Of all patients enrolled, 53% had bladder preservation; however, of the currently surviving patients, 16 of 39 (41%) have their bladders intact (T2, 50%; T3, 37%; T4, 0%). Only 18% of the initially enrolled population is alive with a preserved bladder. The 5-year survival of patients who had cystectomy at some point during the study, compared with those who have had their bladders preserved, was 65% versus 40%, respectively (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our long-term results with multimodality therapy with attempted bladder preservation showed no definitive improvement in survival compared with modern series of cystectomy alone, and a disappointingly low rate of disease-free bladder preservation. We found a high rate of locally recurrent disease in the preserved bladders. We also noted a decrease in survival in our patients with bladder preservation compared with those without preservation. Bladder preservation, although possible, should be limited to a very select group of patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Prostate cancer: multimodality approaches with docetaxel.

The trend toward earlier diagnosis of prostate cancer and technological advances in radiotherapeutics (eg, imaging enhancement, planning optimization, refinement of calculation algorithms, and computerized delivery systems) have led to increased use of radiation therapy (RT) as primary treatment for presumed localized disease. However, monomodal local therapy fails to achieve consistently successful long-term disease control, especially in patients with intermediate- and high-grade risk factors. Local-regional factors, such as absolute and relative resistance mechanisms, epigenetic influences, and clonogenic heterogeneity, and probable micrometastatic disease require consideration, evaluation, and potentially the implementation of combined modality approaches. Patients receiving combined RT and androgen suppression (AS) in various sequences (AS --> AS + RT, AS + RT, AS --> AS + RT --> AS, and RT --> AS) have shown enhanced disease-free survival, increased pathologic local control related to the duration of AS treatment, and improved overall survival with prolonged AS. Furthermore, limited but provocative trials suggest that multimodality chemoradiotherapy may also enhance tumor control in patients with locally advanced disease with acceptable toxicity. Several new trials that will test the efficacy and safety of docetaxel combined with radiotherapy as well as biologic modifiers are described.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗

PubMed1997

Disconnection of medial agranular and posterior parietal cortex produces multimodal neglect in rats.

Two cortical areas in rats have been found to be important in directed attention and spatial processing: the medial agranular cortex (AGm), the rodent analog of the frontal eye fields; and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), the rodent analog of area 7 in primates. As in primates, unilateral destruction of either of these cortical association areas produces severe contralesional neglect of visual, auditory, and tactile stimulation. AGm and PPC are reciprocally interconnected by longitudinally oriented axons traveling in layer VI of the cortex. Their trajectory provides a unique opportunity to examine the effects of disconnection of these two areas. The key question is whether these two regions function independently or as components of a cortical network for directed attention. Unilateral disconnection of the PPC and AGm was achieved via transverse knife-cuts extending through layer VI of cortex, and the disconnection verified by tract-tracing methods. The knife-cuts produced severe multimodal neglect and allesthesia/allokinesia. The deficits produced by the knife-cuts were virtually identical to those produced by unilateral destruction of these regions. The control operates, which received knife-cuts that spared the interconnections between the AGm and PPC, were unimpaired. The results indicate that AGm and PPC in rats function as parts of a cortical system for directed attention.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

The effects of posterior parietal and posterior temporal cortical lesions on multimodal spatial and nonspatial competencies in rats.

The functional consequences of posterior parietal (PPC) and posterior temporal (Te2/3) cortical lesions on rat spatial and nonspatial multimodal learning, and memory were assessed using three behavioral paradigms. In the first, a stimulus-elicited object-place recognition task, PPC-lesioned animals were found to habituate to repeated presentation and dishabituate to changes in the visual and auditory properties of the objects but they fail to respond to changes in their location. The Te2/3-lesioned animals recognized changes in spatial location, but not changes in auditory or visual characteristics of the objects. Sham controls recognized both. In water maze-based auditory and visual place object conditional learning tasks, Te2/3 and Sham controls learned both discriminations, whereas the performance of PPC animals was significantly retarded. In the third paradigm, all three groups learned the visual discriminations. Although PPC-lesioned animals subsequently demonstrated recognition of the amodal property of duration in a visual/auditory cross-modal transfer (CMT) test, they were unable to do so on two CMT tasks involving the property of space. In all three tests, the Sham controls consistently displayed CMT and the Te2/3-lesioned animals did not. The present study extends the description of somewhat distinctive roles played by two association cortical regions (PPC and Te2/3) in the perceptual/cognitive functioning, particularly with respect to auditory stimuli and correspondences between auditory and visual events.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1998

Multimodality evoked potentials as a prognostic tool in term asphyxiated newborns.

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) events may cause permanent brain damage, and it is difficult to predict the long-term neurological outcome of survivors. Multimodality evoked potentials (MEPs), using flash visual (fVEPs), somatosensory (SEPs), and brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) may assess the cerebral function in term neonates. MEPs were recorded in 40 hypoxic-ischemic term or near-term neonates during the first week of life in order to predict the neurological outcome. A 3 point grading system registered either mild, moderate, or severe abnormalities. At 24 months of corrected age, the infants were assessed with a blind protocol to determine neurological development. Grade 0 fVEPs and SEPs were associated with a normal neurological status with 100% (P < 0.001) of the infants. Abnormal SEPs or total grade (VEPs + SEPs) > I were not associated with normal outcomes (P < 0.0001). Normal BAEPs did not predict a normal outcome, but severely abnormal BAEPs did predict an abnormal outcome. A significant correlation was found between EP (VEPs + SEPs) grade (r = 0.9, P < 0.0001), Sarnat stage (r = 0.6, P < 0.001), and clinical outcome. This study confirmed that both fVEPs and SEPs are more accurate as prognostic indicators for term neonates. EPs (VEPs + SEPs) also are more accurate in predicting the ultimate neurological outcome compared with the Sarnat scoring.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗

PubMed2001

Trends and perspectives in multimodality therapy of locoregionally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

In recent years progress has been made in the therapy of patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer. Induction chemotherapy and concomitant chemoradiotherapy have been proven to be superior to radiation therapy alone for unresectable stage disease. In direct comparisons of induction and concomitant chemoradiotherapy, the latter has been found to lead to higher median survival times, albeit at the cost of increased toxicity within the irradiated field. Additional trials have explored the administration of both induction chemotherapy and concomitant chemoradiotherapy in sequence and the integration of the taxanes, gemcitabine and vinorelbine and irinotecan into the multimodality therapy setting. These and other novel concepts are discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed2002

Intra-amniotic multimodal fetal echocardiography in sheep: a novel imaging approach during fetoscopic interventions and for assessment of high-risk pregnancies in which conventional imaging methods fail.

During fetoscopic interventions, intraesophageal placement of intravascular ultrasound (US) catheters for fetal hemodynamic monitoring may result in esophageal injury in very small fetuses. Moreover, conventional fetal imaging by the transvaginal or transabdominal routes may be impossible in some high-risk pregnancies. The purpose of our study in sheep was to assess the potential of a phased-array intravascular US catheter for intra-amniotic fetal echocardiography. The catheter was percutaneously inserted into the amniotic cavity in seven pregnant ewes at between 78 to 98 days of gestation and permitted high-quality 2-D imaging of the fetal heart and multimodal Doppler assessment of fetal cardiovascular flows. Fetoscopic examination of intra-amniotic contents after intra-amniotic imaging was finished did not display any injury to intra-amniotic contents. The intra-amniotic imaging approach may provide an effective alternative in humans for monitoring during fetoscopic interventions, and to assess fetal anatomy and hemodynamics in high-risk pregnancies when sufficient images cannot be obtained by conventional routes.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMed1998

Multimodal cognitive-behavioural treatment for workers with chronic spinal pain: a matched cohort study with an 18-month follow-up.

An outpatient multimodal cognitive-behavioural treatment program (MMCBT) for chronic spinal pain was evaluated during an 18-month follow-up period. The treatment included a 1-day course for the patients' work supervisors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effect of the treatment program as well as the effect of a work supervisor-training program on the patients' return to work. The design was a matched cohort study with four repeated measures. Two groups of subjects suffering from non-specific spinal pain (treatment group n=67, no treatment control group n=29) were assessed with regard to pain intensity, sick-leave, pain coping ability and behavioural changes at work and in personal life. Recordings on supervisors attending the course and changes of supervisory behaviour were also obtained. The results show a significant between group difference in pain intensity and perceived pain coping ability at work, favouring the MMCBT group. Further, the MMCBT intervention enhances self-reported behavioural changes in areas within the subjects' own control. There is not sufficient statistical support to accept the assumption of MMCBT being superior in reducing sick-leave, either with or without the education of supervisors. Even when supervisors changed their behaviour as reported by the patient, no significant effect was found on patients' return to work. In conclusion, the MMCBT do not seem to be effective in reducing sick-leave compared to no treatment, but the MMCBT program is superior in decreasing pain intensity, enhancing self-reported behavioural changes in personal life and improving pain coping ability at work.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Multimodality functional imaging evaluation in a patient with Rasmussen's encephalitis.

Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is a cryptogenic progressive inflammatory disorder of the brain that causes severe neurological problems, including intractable focal epilepsy. In select patients, aggressive treatment using cerebral hemispherectomy may ameliorate the devastating cognitive decline that accompanies this disease, even if the epileptic focus appears broadly distributed. We present a case of histopathologically-confirmed RE evaluated using a multimodal process that explored the physical and functional aspects of the associated epilepsy. This process included magnetic resonance imaging, single photo emission computed tomography, electroencephalography, and magnetoencephalography (MEG). The findings indicate that functional brain imaging data may greatly assist the surgical treatment decision-making process in RE, especially when structural imaging fails to reveal definitive localizing information. In addition, MEG may provide insights about the cortical reorganization of somatosensory cortex following hemispherectomy.

Child↗

PubMed1992

Multimodality evoked potentials in severe athetoid cerebral palsy: correlation with clinical features and all-night polygraphical data.

We examined the correlation between the clinical and electrophysiological features, short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), electrically elicited blink reflexes (BRs) and all-night polysomnographical examination (PSG) data in eight patients with severe athetoid cerebral palsy (ACP). Absence ABRs were observed in cases who had suffered from severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (posticteric ACP), and in most of them gaze abnormalities and a significant reduction in rapid eye movements during REM sleep, as observed on PSG, coexisted. Prolongation of the interpeak latency, N13-N20, of SSEPs existed concurrently with disturbed late components of BRs in two cases of posticteric ACP. The phasic contractions of the submental muscle during sleep were impaired in most of the patients. Multimodality evoked potentials together with PSGs seem to be useful for assessing brainstem dysfunctions in ACP and might also be of use for elucidating the pathogenesis of the episodic sudden death in ACP.

Adolescent↗